fac-Tricarbon-yl(pyridine-κN)(1,1,1-trifluoro-acetyl-acetonato-κO,O')rhenium(I).

In the title compound, [Re(C(5)H(4)F(3)O(2))(C(5)H(5)N)(CO)(3)], the Re(I) atom is six-coordinated owing to bonding by three carbonyl ligands arranged in a fac configuration, two O atoms from the bidentate 1,1,1-trifluoro-acetyl-acetonate ligand and an N atom from a pyridine ligand. In the crystal, the mol-ecules pack in layers, diagonally, in a head-to-tail fashion across the ab plane. These layers are stabilsed by inter-molecular C-H⋯O and C-H⋯F hydrogen bonds.

Shoulder muscle activation and coordination in patients with a massive rotator cuff tear: an electromyographic study.

Adaptive muscle activation strategies following a massive rotator cuff tear (MRCT) are inadequately understood, and the relationship among muscles during everyday activities has not been considered. Thirteen healthy subjects comprised the control group, and 11 subjects with a MRCT the patient group. Upper limb function was assessed using the Functional Impairment test-hand, neck, shoulder, and arm (FIT-HaNSA).

Short-term interventions on wards fail to reduce preanalytical errors: results of two prospective controlled trials.

Background: Preventing laboratory errors promotes patient safety and reduces the cost of unnecessary processing. The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of two short-term interventions at reducing errors in the preanalytical stage of laboratory testing.

Methods: Error data were reviewed from inpatient wards at Bradford Royal Infirmary (BRI), Leeds General Infirmary (LGI) and St James' University Hospital (SJUH) for 22 weeks.

Tuning the reactivity in classic low-spin d6 rhenium(I) tricarbonyl radiopharmaceutical synthon by selective bidentate ligand variation (L,L'-Bid; L,L'= N,N', N,O, and O,O' donor atom sets) in fac-[Re(CO)3(L,L'-Bid)(MeOH)]n complexes.

A range of fac-[Re(CO)(3)(L,L'-Bid)(H(2)O)](n) (L,L'-Bid = neutral or monoanionic bidentate ligands with varied L,L' donor atoms, N,N', N,O, or O,O': 1,10-phenanthroline, 2,2'-bipydine, 2-picolinate, 2-quinolinate, 2,4-dipicolinate, 2,4-diquinolinate, tribromotropolonate, and hydroxyflavonate; n = 0, +1) has been synthesized and the aqua/methanol substitution has been investigated. The complexes were characterized by UV-vis, IR and NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallographic studies of the compounds fac-[Re(CO)(3)(Phen)(H(2)O)]NO(3)·0.5Phen, fac-[Re(CO)(3)(2,4-dQuinH)(H(2)O)]·H(2)O, fac-[Re(CO)(3)(2,4-dQuinH)Py]Py, and fac-[Re(CO)(3)(Flav)(CH(3)OH)]·CH(3)OH are reported.

Association between language and spatial laterality and cognitive ability: an fMRI study.

The interaction between language and spatial laterality and its association with cognitive ability was explored in a group of 42 right-handers and 40 left-handers using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Cognitive ability measures including working memory, verbal comprehension and perceptual organisation were assessed using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (version III). Left-handers show lower working memory scores than right-handers.

High-resolution separations of protein isoforms with liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry using polymer monolithic capillary columns.

The separation of intact proteins, including protein isoforms arising from various amino-acid modifications, employing a poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) monolithic capillary column in high-performance liquid chromatography coupled on-line to a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MS) is described. Using a 250 mm × 0.2 mm monolithic capillary column high-sensitivity separations yielding peak capacities of >600 were achieved with a 2h linear gradient and formic acid added in the mobile phase as ion-pairing agent.

Nano-electrospray tandem mass spectrometric analysis of the acetylation state of histones H3 and H4 in stationary phase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Background: The involvement of histone acetylation in facilitating gene expression is well-established, particularly in the case of histones H3 and H4. It was previously shown in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that gene expression was significantly down-regulated and chromatin more condensed in stationary phase compared to exponential phase. We were therefore interested in establishing the acetylation state of histone H3 and H4 in stationary and in exponential phase, since the regulation of this modification could contribute to transcriptional shut-down and chromatin compaction during semi-quiescence.

Normal shoulder muscular activation and co-ordination during a shoulder elevation task based on activities of daily living: an electromyographic study.

Studies of normal shoulder function have often failed to consider the inter-relationship between different muscle groups in activities relevant to daily life. Upper limb functional status was assessed in 12 healthy male volunteers using the Functional Impairment Test-Hand, Neck, Shoulder and Arm test (FIT-HaNSA). Electromyography was then used to study the activity and coordination of 13 muscles (10 by surface electrodes, 3 by fine-wire intramuscular electrodes) around the shoulder during a dynamic movement task based on the shelf-lifting task in FIT-HaNSA.

Endurance exercise training blunts the deleterious effect of high-fat feeding on whole body efficiency.

We recently showed that a week-long, high-fat diet reduced whole body exercise efficiency in sedentary men by >10% (Edwards LM, Murray AJ, Holloway CJ, Carter EE, Kemp GJ, Codreanu I, Brooker H, Tyler DJ, Robbins PA, Clarke K. FASEB J 25: 1088-1096, 2011). To test if a similar dietary regime would blunt whole body efficiency in endurance-trained men and, as a consequence, hinder aerobic exercise performance, 16 endurance-trained men were given a short-term, high-fat (70% kcal from fat) and a moderate carbohydrate (50% kcal from carbohydrate) diet, in random order.

Mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with primary congenital insulin resistance.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. It has thus been suggested that primary and/or genetic abnormalities in mitochondrial function may lead to accumulation of toxic lipid species in muscle and elsewhere, impairing insulin action on glucose metabolism. Alternatively, however, defects in insulin signaling may be primary events that result in mitochondrial dysfunction, or there may be a bidirectional relationship between these phenomena.

Microstructural brain abnormalities in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: diffusion-tensor MR imaging study at 3.0 T.

Purpose: To use diffusion-tensor (DT) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to explore the integrity and connectivity of brain white matter in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and to correlate DT parameters with clinical measures.

Materials And Methods: This study was approved by the local ethical committee, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. DT imaging was performed by using a 3.

The severity of pseudohyperkalaemia is not dependent upon the stage of chronic kidney disease: a prospective study.

Background: Pseudohyperkalaemia may result from delay in centrifugation and storage at 4°C. We investigated whether the stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD), its aetiology or medications influence this.

Methods: Seventy-seven patients with CKD were recruited.

Shoulder muscle activation and fatigue during a controlled forceful hand grip task.

Purpose: Reliable electromyographic evaluation of the shoulder in common painful conditions is a major challenge due to a reduced range of movement and pain-related muscle inhibition. This study investigates the use of a hand grip task for the assessment of shoulder muscle activation.

Methods: Muscle activity and fatigue for supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles were measured in 16 healthy controls using fine-wire electrodes during a controlled gripping task at 50% of maximum voluntary contraction, in a standardized sitting and arm position.

The relationship between redox enzyme activity and electrochemical potential-cellular and mechanistic implications from protein film electrochemistry.

In protein film electrochemistry a redox protein of interest is studied as an electroactive film adsorbed on an electrode surface. For redox enzymes this configuration allows quantification of the relationship between catalytic activity and electrochemical potential. Considered as a function of enzyme environment, i.

Resting-state functional connectivity in treatment-resistant depression.

Objective: The authors used resting-state functional connectivity MRI to evaluate brain networks in patients with refractory and nonrefractory major depressive disorder.

Method: In a cross-sectional study, 28 patients with refractory major depression, 32 patients with nonrefractory major depression, and 48 healthy comparison subjects underwent scanning using a gradient-echo echo-planar imaging sequence on a 3-T MR system. Thirteen regions of interest that have been identified in the literature as relevant to mood regulation were selected as seed areas.

Short-term consumption of a high-fat diet impairs whole-body efficiency and cognitive function in sedentary men.

We recently showed that a short-term high-fat diet blunted exercise performance in rats, accompanied by increased uncoupling protein levels and greater respiratory uncoupling. In this study, we investigated the effects of a similar diet on physical and cognitive performance in humans. Twenty sedentary men were assessed when consuming a standardized, nutritionally balanced diet (control) and after 7 d of consuming a diet comprising 74% kcal from fat.

Effect of inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism on prostaglandin E₂ production by Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis biofilms.

Arachidonic acid (AA) is released from infected host cells during Candida albicans infection and may serve as carbon source for yeast growth and as precursor for the production of biologically active eicosanoids, such as prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) by C. albicans. However, the mechanism involved in this production is still unclear.

Identification of protein binding surfaces using surface triplet propensities.

Motivation: The ability to reliably predict protein-protein and protein-ligand interactions is important for identifying druggable binding sites and for understanding how proteins communicate. Most currently available algorithms identify cavities on the protein surface as potential ligand recognition sites. The method described here does not explicitly look for cavities but uses small surface patches consisting of triplets of adjacent surface atomic groups that can be touched simultaneously by a probe sphere representing a solvent molecule.

Mass media barriers to social marketing interventions: the example of sun protection in the UK.

The role of the mass media in communicating health-related information to the wider population is the focus of this paper. Using the example of sun protection within the UK, we highlight some of the major challenges to raising awareness of steadily increasing melanoma rates and of effective sun protection strategies. The implications of potential barriers to official sun protection messages via conflicting messages in the media are discussed in terms of editorial on sun protection and in the way in which television programme content portrays the issues.

Abnormal regional spontaneous neural activity in treatment-refractory depression revealed by resting-state fMRI.

Treatment-refractory depression (TRD) represents a large proportion of the depressive population, yet has seldom been investigated using advanced imaging techniques. To characterize brain dysfunction in TRD, we performed resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) on 22 TRD patients, along with 26 matched healthy subjects and 22 patients who were depressed but not treatment-refractory (NDD) as comparison groups. Results were analyzed using a data-driven approach known as Regional Homogeneity (ReHo) analysis which measures the synchronization of spontaneous fMRI signal oscillations within spatially neighboring voxels.

Kinetic and thermodynamic resolution of the interactions between sulfite and the pentahaem cytochrome NrfA from Escherichia coli.

NrfA is a pentahaem cytochrome present in a wide-range of γ-, δ- and ε-proteobacteria. Its nitrite and nitric oxide reductase activities have been studied extensively and contribute to respiratory nitrite ammonification and nitric oxide detoxification respectively. Sulfite is a third substrate for NrfA that may be encountered in the micro-oxic environments where nrfA is expressed.

The effect of high-altitude on human skeletal muscle energetics: P-MRS results from the Caudwell Xtreme Everest expedition.

Many disease states are associated with regional or systemic hypoxia. The study of healthy individuals exposed to high-altitude hypoxia offers a way to explore hypoxic adaptation without the confounding effects of disease and therapeutic interventions. Using (31)P magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging, we investigated skeletal muscle energetics and morphology after exposure to hypobaric hypoxia in seven altitude-naïve subjects (trekkers) and seven experienced climbers.