Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome: When to consider the diagnosis and current management options.

Background: Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) refers to a group of compressive disorders that occur in the thoracic outlet and can affect the brachial plexus, subclavian artery and vein. Neurogenic TOS (nTOS) is the most common form of TOS, accounting for approximately 97% of cases. nTOS and its resulting compressive brachial plexopathy can lead to potentially disabling symptoms and reduced quality of life.

Management of spontaneous isolated mesenteric artery dissection.

Spontaneous isolated mesenteric arterial dissection (SIMAD) is an uncommon subset of non-traumatic dissection of the mesenteric arteries without concurrent aortic dissection. Due to the widespread use of computer tomography angiography, SIMAD cases have been increasingly reported in the past 20 years. Common risk factors associated with SIMAD include male gender, age 50-60 years, hypertension and smoking.

Giant vascular eccrine spiradenoma presenting as a thrombosed varix.

Eccrine spiradenoma is a benign adnexal tumor of the sweat gland. Giant vascular eccrine spiradenoma is a rare variant of eccrine spiradenoma, characterized by its large size and florid vascularity. Its rarity and clinical appearance give rise to typical misdiagnosis as angiomatous lesions.

Bilateral acute lower limb ischemia secondary to complete embolization of cardiac myxoma.

Cardiac myxomas are the most common benign cardiac tumors in adults that can present with peripheral embolization. Complete detachments of myxomas are rare and tend to cause aortoiliac embolism. We report a case of a middle-aged woman with bilateral popliteal artery and segmental renal artery embolisms secondary to a completely detached cardiac myxoma.

Outcome predictors in median arcuate ligament syndrome.

Background: Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a condition characterized by chronic abdominal symptoms associated with median arcuate ligament compression of the celiac artery. The selection of patients is difficult in the management of MALS. This study aimed to identify factors that predict outcomes of surgical and nonoperative treatment in these patients.