Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Clove Oil in Decontamination of Ready-to-Eat Spinach ( L.).

Due to an increased demand for natural food additives, clove oil was assessed as a natural alternative to chemical disinfectants in produce washing. This study assessed the antimicrobial activity of 5 and 10% (/) clove oil-amended wash liquid (CO) using a zone of inhibition (ZIB) test and determined the time required to completely inactivate pathogenic bacteria using bacterial death curve analysis. A washing experiment was used to evaluate CO's ability to inhibit bacterial growth on inoculated RTE spinach and in the wash water.

Improving nutrition through biofortification-A systematic review.

Nutritious foods are essential for human health and development. However, malnutrition and hidden hunger continue to be a challenge globally. In most developing countries, access to adequate and nutritious food continues to be a challenge.