Number of macula optical coherence tomography scans needed to detect glaucoma progression.

Background: To evaluate the impact of testing frequency on the time required to detect statistically significant glaucoma progression for ganglion cell complex (GCC) with optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Materials And Methods: From multicentre glaucoma registries, 332 eyes of 201 glaucoma patients were enrolled over an average of 4.4 years.

Central visual field in glaucoma: An updated review.

Evaluation of central vision in glaucoma is important due to its impact on patients' quality of life and activities of daily living such as reading, driving, and walking. The 10-2 visual field (VF) assessment remains a mainstay in the functional analysis of central vision in glaucoma diagnosis and progression. However, it may be underutilized in clinical practice.

Relationship Between Retinal Oxygen Saturation and the Severity of Visual Field Damage in Glaucoma.

Prcis: Increased oxygen saturation (StO 2 ) was significantly associated with the severity of visual field (VF) damage in patients with glaucoma.

Objective: To investigate the association between retinal StO 2 percentage and the severity of VF loss in glaucoma.

Methods: A total of 198 eyes from 131 patients with glaucoma were included in this cross-sectional study.

Impact of smoking on choroidal microvasculature dropout in glaucoma: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To investigate the effect of smoking on choroidal microvasculature dropout (MvD) in glaucoma.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Tertiary glaucoma centre.

Deep Learning Estimation of 10-2 Visual Field Map Based on Macular Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Measurements.

Purpose: To develop deep learning (DL) models estimating the central visual field (VF) from optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) vessel density (VD) measurements.

Design: Development and validation of a deep learning model.

Methods: A total of 1051 10-2 VF OCTA pairs from healthy, glaucoma suspects, and glaucoma eyes were included.

Relationship of Choroidal Microvasculature Dropout and Beta Zone Parapapillary Area With Visual Field Changes in Glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between rates of choroidal microvasculature dropout (MvD) change, beta zone parapapillary atrophy (β-PPA) area change, and visual field (VF) changes in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Design: Retrospective, observational cohort study.

Methods: In a tertiary glaucoma clinic, we included 76 eyes from 58 patients with POAG with and without localized MvD, who had ≥2 years of follow-up with a minimum of 4 visits with optical coherence tomography angiography and optical coherence tomography scans.

Intraocular pressure increases the rate of macular vessel density loss in glaucoma.

Background/aims: To evaluate the relationship over time between intraocular pressure (IOP) and the rate of macula whole image vessel density (wiVD) loss and whole image ganglion cell complex (wiGCC) thinning in glaucoma METHODS: From 62 patients in the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study, 59 Primary open-angle glaucoma and 27 glaucoma suspect eyes with mean follow-up of 3.2 years were followed. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A)-based vessel density and OCT-based structural thickness of the same 6×6 mm GCC scan slab were evaluated.

Disrupting autorepression circuitry generates "open-loop lethality" to yield escape-resistant antiviral agents.

Across biological scales, gene-regulatory networks employ autorepression (negative feedback) to maintain homeostasis and minimize failure from aberrant expression. Here, we present a proof of concept that disrupting transcriptional negative feedback dysregulates viral gene expression to therapeutically inhibit replication and confers a high evolutionary barrier to resistance. We find that nucleic-acid decoys mimicking cis-regulatory sites act as "feedback disruptors," break homeostasis, and increase viral transcription factors to cytotoxic levels (termed "open-loop lethality").

Measuring the buffering capacity of gene silencing in .

Gene silencing in budding yeast is mediated by Sir protein binding to unacetylated nucleosomes to form a chromatin structure that inhibits transcription. Transcriptional silencing is characterized by the high-fidelity transmission of the silent state. Despite its relative stability, the constituent parts of the silent state are in constant flux, giving rise to a model that silent loci can tolerate such fluctuations without functional consequences.

A molecular mechanism for probabilistic bet hedging and its role in viral latency.

Probabilistic bet hedging, a strategy to maximize fitness in unpredictable environments by matching phenotypic variability to environmental variability, is theorized to account for the evolution of various fate-specification decisions, including viral latency. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying bet hedging remain unclear. Here, we report that large variability in protein abundance within individual herpesvirus virion particles enables probabilistic bet hedging between viral replication and latency.