Predictive Factors of Positive E-Learning Experience.

Background And Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical schools and residencies have utilized electronic learning (e-learning). Factors such as internet access, age, degree of introversion/extroversion, and propensity to adopt new technologies impact attitudes toward e-learning. This study investigates family medicine educators' satisfaction, effectiveness, and feasibility perceptions of e-learning, characterizes demographic factors impacting attitudes, and identifies which aspects of e-learning are important to educators.

Late Pleistocene Desiccation of Lake Victoria and Rapid Evolution of Cichlid Fishes.

Lake Victoria is the largest lake in Africa and harbors more than 300 endemic species of haplochromine cichlid fish. Seismic reflection profiles and piston cores show that the lake not only was at a low stand but dried up completely during the Late Pleistocene, before 12,400 carbon-14 years before the present. These results imply that the rate of speciation of cichlid fish in this tropical lake has been extremely rapid.

Genetic and radiation hybrid mapping of the hyperekplexia region on chromosome 5q.

Hyperekplexia, or startle disease (STHE), is an autosomal dominant neurologic disorder characterized by muscular rigidity of central nervous system origin, particularly in the neonatal period, and by an exaggerated startle response to sudden, unexpected acoustic or tactile stimuli. STHE responds dramatically to the benzodiazepine drug clonazepam, which acts at gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA-A) receptors. The STHE locus (STHE) was recently assigned to chromosome 5q, on the basis of tight linkage to the colony-stimulating factor 1-receptor (CSF1-R) locus in a single large family.

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease: clinical and DNA-linkage study of an extended family.

We describe a 5-generation family of 6 individuals with Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, Type I. DNA linkage study was done to establish carrier status. Two loci, DXS162 and DXYS1, were informative in this family for carrier determination.

Mass mortality and its environmental and evolutionary consequences.

The latest Mesozoic and earliest Tertiary sediments at Deep Sea Drilling Project site 524 provide an amplified record of environmental and biostratographic changes at the end of Cretaceous. Closely spaced samples, representing time intervals as short as 10(2) or 10(3) years, were analyzed for their bulk carbonate and trace-metal compositions, and for oxygen and carbon isotopic compositions. The data indicate that at the end of Cretaceous, when a high proportion of the ocean's planktic organisms were eliminated, an associated reduction in productivity led to a partial transfer of dissolved carbon dioxide from the oceans to the atmosphere.

Clinical variability in congenital fiber type disproportion.

Congenital Fiber Type Disproportion (CFTD) has recently been described as a consistent and stereotyped clinicopathological entity, including congenital nonprogressive hypotonia and weakness, contractures, kyphoscoliosis, high arched palate, dislocated hips, short stature, and feet deformities. Our personal experience with this condition suggests a wider disparity in the physical appearance and associated abnormalities of affected individuals than the well-defined clinical syndrome previously described. We are presenting 5 cases, including 2 siblings, whose muscle biopsies satisfy the major histological and statistical criteria for the diagnosis.

Laminated diatomaceous sediments from the guaymas basin slope (central gulf of california): 250,000-year climate record.

During Deep Sea Drilling Project-International Program of Ocean Drilling leg 64, December 1978 to January 1979, the initial test of the Deep Sea Drilling Project's hydraulic piston corer obtained an almost undisturbed section from a 152-meter hole into the sediments of the oxygen minimum zone at a depth of 655 meters along the Guaymas slope in the central Gulf of California. The section records variations in climate, productivity, and circulation for more than 250,000 years of Late Pleistocene to Holocene history with recordings of seasonal variations in these parameters in the laminated sections.

Chronic neuropathy presenting as a floppy infant with respiratory distress.

Respiratory distress was the presenting feature in a 4-month-old male infant suffering from Déjérine-Sottas disease, an inherited sensory-motor polyneuropathy. This unusual but potentially benign disorder can be diagnosed upon peripheral nerve biopsy by noting extensive demyelination with "onion bulb" formation. Polyneuropathy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of infantile neuromuscular weakness including or solely involving bulbar and respiratory muscles.

Experimental ischemic myopathy. Effects of aortic ligation and serotonin.

Support for the hypothesis that biogenic amines are involved in the production of muscle diseases comes from a report that rat muscle is damaged by combining distal aortic ligation with serotonin injection. Our studies explore the role of serotonin in the production of the myopathic changes in the aortic ligation-serotonin model. Twenty-six young Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected either to aortic ligation alone, aortic ligation followed by injection of serotonin (40 mg/kg, i.

Hypothalamic atrophy.

A patient, who has been followed for thirteen years, developed the first symptoms of progressive hypothalamic atrophy at the age of 39. The diagnosis was confirmed by pneumoencephalography five years after onset. Hypothalamic dysfunction was manifested clinically by loss of libido, impotence, obesity, polydypsia, somnolence, and rage attacks.

Inflammatory myopathy, IgA deficiency, and intestinal malabsorption.

Two IgA-deficient children with inflammatory myopathy and intestinal malabsorption were evaluated. The myopathy was characterized by weakness of facial and proximal limb muscles, increased serum concentrations of lactic dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase, and histologic evidence of inflammation and degeneration of muscle fibers. Features of the intestinal abnormality were blunted villi, interstitial inflammation, and reduction in IgA-containing plasma cells and IgA content of epithelial cells.