The use of hypoglycemic drugs in Parkinson's disease: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Recent studies have demonstrated an association between hypoglycemic medications and neuroprotective action in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, in this meta-analysis, our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of these medications, compared to placebo, as disease-modifying therapy in patients with PD.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane for studies comparing the use of hypoglycemic drugs and placebo in patients with PD.

Association between Religiousness and Quality of Life among Patients in Brazil diagnosed with Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease.

The importance of religiousness in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) has been the subject of conflicting research. The impact of religiousness on quality of life and depressive symptoms has also been poorly studied in this population. This study investigated the correlation between religiousness and quality of life in patients with IPD.

TCD assessment in fulminant hepatic failure: Improvements in cerebral autoregulation after liver transplantation.

Introduction And Objectives: Acute liver failure, also known as fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), includes a spectrum of clinical entities characterized by acute liver injury, severe hepatocellular dysfunction and hepatic encephalopathy. The objective of this study was to assess cerebral autoregulation (CA) in 25 patients (19 female) with FHF and to follow up with seventeen of these patients before and after liver transplantation.

Patients And Methods: The mean age was 33.

Association of Parental Support with Reduced Stereotypy in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study.

: To analyze the influence of parental presence and use of risperidone on social interaction and apathy among patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). : Cross-sectional study in a reference center for patients with ASD in a city in northeastern Brazil. The research was carried out using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Dimensional Apathy Scale, and the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) with the domains of social interaction, language, stereotypy, and communication.

Access to rehabilitation after stroke in Brazil (AReA study): multicenter study protocol.

Background: Most of the Brazilian population relies on public healthcare and stroke is a major cause of disability in this country of continental dimensions. There is limited information about access to rehabilitation after stroke in Brazil.

Objective: To provide comprehensive information about Access to Rehabilitation After discharge from public hospitals in Brazil (AReA study), up to 6 months after stroke.

Brazilian practice guidelines for stroke rehabilitation: Part II.

The Brazilian Practice Guidelines for Stroke Rehabilitation - Part II, developed by the Scientific Department of Neurological Rehabilitation of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (Academia Brasileira de Neurologia, in Portuguese), focuses on specific rehabilitation techniques to aid recovery from impairment and disability after stroke. As in Part I, Part II is also based on recently available evidence from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and other guidelines. Part II covers disorders of communication, dysphagia, postural control and balance, ataxias, spasticity, upper limb rehabilitation, gait, cognition, unilateral spatial neglect, sensory impairments, home rehabilitation, medication adherence, palliative care, cerebrovascular events related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the future of stroke rehabilitation, and stroke websites to support patients and caregivers.

Brazilian Academy of Neurology practice guidelines for stroke rehabilitation: part I.

The Guidelines for Stroke Rehabilitation are the result of a joint effort by the Scientific Department of Neurological Rehabilitation of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology aiming to guide professionals involved in the rehabilitation process to reduce functional disability and increase individual autonomy. Members of the group participated in web discussion forums with predefined themes, followed by videoconference meetings in which issues were discussed, leading to a consensus. These guidelines, divided into two parts, focus on the implications of recent clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses in stroke rehabilitation literature.

Combined assessment by transcranial sonography and Sniffin' Sticks test has a similar diagnostic accuracy compared to brain SPECT for Parkinson's disease diagnosis.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of TCS combined with the Sniffin' sticks olfactory test (SST-16) for differentiation between idiopathic PD patients and healthy controls compared to that of Tc-TRODAT-1 SPECT (TRODAT).

Methods: A cross-sectional study included PD patients diagnosed in accordance with United Kingdom PD Society Brain Bank criteria and a control group of age and sex- matched healthy subjects. All patients were examined by a movement disorder specialist and underwent brain SPECT using TRODAT, TCS examination and SST-16 test.

Cognitive Health and Differential Cortical Functioning in Dissociative Trance: An Explorative Study About Mediumship.

Aim: To evaluate the cognitive functioning of subjects practicing trance mediumship in Brazil.

Method: The study was based on the measurement of cognitive functions of 19 spirits mediums through neuropsychological tests such as the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery (BCSB), the Verbal Fluency Test (FAS), the digit span test, the cube test, the five digit test (FDT) and an evaluation of mental health through scales such as the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ), and the Trauma History Questionnaire (THQ). The sample included the participation of spirit mediums divided into two groups.

Longitudinal analysis of functional disabilities, cognitive decline and risk of dementia in women with Parkinson's disease and detrusor overactivity.

Objectives: This long-term study exclusively in women with Parkinson's disease and urinary symptoms aimed to verify the correlation of urinary symptoms with motor severity of the disease and cognitive functions as well as analyze the functional abilities, mental functions and risk of dementia in patients with detrusor overactivity.

Subjects And Methods: At baseline a cohort of 63 ambulatory patients with Parkinson's disease were evaluated for global disease severity, functional abilities and mental function using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Schwab & England scale (SES). Urologic function was assessed by International Prostatic Symptom Scale (IPSS) and urodynamic study.

Efficacy and adverse event profile of cannabidiol and medicinal cannabis for treatment-resistant epilepsy: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

This paper aimed to systematically examine the efficacy and adverse event (AE) profile of cannabidiol and medicinal cannabis by analyzing qualitative and meta-analytic data. We used the terms ("Cannabidiol" OR "Cannabis") AND "Epilepsy" AND ("Treatment" OR "Therapeutics") as keywords to retrieve studies indexed on PubMed, ScienceDirect, and CENTRAL databases. The inclusion criteria were as follows: clinical studies with a longitudinal observational design and intervention using cannabinoid derivatives, especially cannabidiol and medicinal cannabis, whereby some results involved the frequency of epileptic seizures.

Clinical aspects of congenital microcephaly syndrome by Zika virus in a rehabilitation center for patients with microcephaly.

Objective: In this study, we intend to identify the prevalence of clinical variables in children with microcephaly.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional and observational study with data collected from medical records of patients admitted to the microcephaly outpatient clinic of a referral center in Teresina-PI. Demographic (gender and age) and clinical data (presence of epilepsy, dysphagia, irritability, and associated comorbidities) were collected.

Cut-off points of the Portuguese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment for cognitive evaluation in Parkinson's disease.

Unlabelled: The Movement Disorder Society has published some recommendations for dementia diagnosis in Parkinson disease (PD), proposing the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) as a cognitive screening tool in these patients. However, few studies have been conducted assessing the Portuguese version of this test in Brazil (MOCA-BR).

Objective: the aim of the present study was to define the cut-off points of the MOCA-BR scale for diagnosing Mild Cognitive Impairment (PD-MCI) and Dementia (PD-D) in patients with PD.

Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Brain Injury: Postoperative TCD Cerebral Hemodynamic Evaluation.

There are no studies describing the cerebral hemodynamic patterns that can occur in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients following decompressive craniectomy (DC). Such data have potentially clinical importance for guiding the treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate the postoperative cerebral hemodynamic patterns, using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography, in patients who underwent DC.

Pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis associated with the use of natalizumab in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Natalizumab (NTZ) is a monoclonal antibody with an immunosuppressive effect that reduces the inflammation of the central nervous system, and it has been used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). In patients with low cellular immune response, systemic mycosis arising from endemic areas may occur.

Results And Conclusion: In this article, we will describe a case of paracoccidioidomycosis as a complication to treatment with NTZ in an RRMS patient.

Quantitative transcranial sonography in Wilson's disease and healthy controls: Cut-off values and functional correlates.

To compare transcranial sonography (TCS) findings in patients with predominantly neurological Wilson's disease (WD) to those from controls, and to correlate TCS data with the clinical profile of WD. Patients with WD (n=40/f=18) and healthy, matched controls (n=49/f=20) were assessed in terms of TCS, serum copper and iron parameters, and clinical scales, such as the Unified Wilson's Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS), Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Beck Depression Inventory. Lenticular nuclei and substantia nigra echogenic area cut-off values clearly differentiated WD patients from controls (area under the curve: 95.

Modified Pfeffer Questionnaire for Functional Assessment in Parkinson Disease.

Introduction: It was proposed to modify the Pfeffer questionnaire (PQ) for functional assessment in patients with Parkinson disease (PD).

Aim: To determine the cutoff score for diagnosis of functional impairment in patients with PD by modified PQ (mPQ).

Methods: A total of 110 patients with PD were enrolled into the study, and a neuropsychological test battery was performed to assess their cognitive status.

Hemotransfusion and mechanical ventilation time are associated with intra-hospital mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury admitted to intensive care unit.

Objective: To identify the factors associated with the intra-hospital mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: The sample included patients with TBI admitted to the ICU consecutively in a period of one year. It was defined as variables the epidemiological characteristics, factors associated with trauma and variables arising from clinical management in the ICU.

Hypnic headache in childhood: A literature review.

Hypnic headache (HH) is a rare benign disorder described initially by Raskin in 1988. It is characterized by recurrent nocturnal episodes of headache that periodically awaken the sleeping patient and usually occur in the elderly. This review is aimed at describing the clinical features of the HH cases in childhood that have been published in literature so far.

Hypnic headache: a descriptive study of 25 new cases in Brazil.

Our aim was to show the clinical characteristics of 25 patients with hypnic headache. We reviewed the medical records of 11,360 patients who complained of headache and selected those with hypnic headache, according to the criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders-2. Twenty-five patients (20 women and 5 men) were diagnosed with hypnic headache.

Analysis of the duration of migraine prophylaxis.

To determine the minimum duration of migraine prophylaxis, after patients become pain-free. Migraine patients diagnosed according to criteria of International Classification of Headache Disorders-2 were treated prophylactically. After becoming pain-free, they were divided into two equal groups: in group 1, prophylaxis was maintained for another 12 months and in group 2, for 24 months.

Urinary dysfunction with detrusor hyperactivity in women with Parkinson's disease cannot be blamed as a factor of worsening motor performance.

Introduction: Detrusor hyperactivity is the leading cause of urinary dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD). There are few studies correlating PD clinical aspects with this autonomic feature.

Methods: A cohort of 63 women with PD were prospectively examined for assessment of clinical aspects and disease severity using unified Parkinson's disease rating scale and Hoehn-Yahr scale, respectively.