Analgesic duration of interscalene block after outpatient arthroscopic shoulder surgery with intravenous dexamethasone, intravenous dexmedetomidine, or their combination: a randomized-controlled trial.

Purpose: Both intravenous dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine prolong the analgesic duration of interscalene blocks (ISB) after arthroscopic shoulder surgery. This study compared their relative effectiveness and the benefit of their use in combination.

Methods: This single-centre, double-blinded, parallel three-group superiority trial randomized 198 adult patients undergoing ambulatory arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Brain BOLD MRI O and CO stress testing: implications for perioperative neurocognitive disorder following surgery.

Background: Mechanical ventilation to alter and improve respiratory gases is a fundamental feature of critical care and intraoperative anesthesia management. The range of inspired O and expired CO during patient management can significantly deviate from values in the healthy awake state. It has long been appreciated that hyperoxia can have deleterious effects on organs, especially the lung and retina.

The Incidence and Magnitude of Cerebral Desaturation in Traumatic Brain Injury: An Observational Cohort Study.

Background: Cerebral ischemia in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) may propagate secondary neurological injury. Episodes of cerebral ischemia can be revealed through the use of cerebral oximetry monitoring. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and severity of regional cerebral oxygen (rSO2) desaturation (rSO2<65%) in patients with severe TBI.