Epidermal ZBP1 stabilizes mitochondrial Z-DNA to drive UV-induced IFN signaling in autoimmune photosensitivity.

Photosensitivity is observed in numerous autoimmune diseases and drives poor quality of life and disease flares. Elevated epidermal type I interferon (IFN) production primes for photosensitivity and enhanced inflammation, but the substrates that sustain and amplify this cycle remain undefined. Here, we show that IFN-induced Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) stabilizes ultraviolet (UV)B-induced cytosolic Z-DNA derived from oxidized mitochondrial DNA.

Germline Variants Incidentally Detected via Tumor-Only Genomic Profiling of Patients With Mesothelioma.

Importance: Patients with mesothelioma often have next-generation sequencing (NGS) of their tumor performed; tumor-only NGS may incidentally identify germline pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants despite not being designed for this purpose. It is unknown how frequently patients with mesothelioma have germline P/LP variants incidentally detected via tumor-only NGS.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of incidental germline P/LP variants detected via tumor-only NGS of mesothelioma.

Metabolic switching of central carbon metabolism in response to nitrate: application to autofermentative hydrogen production in cyanobacteria.

Nitrate removal from culture media is widely used to enhance autofermentative hydrogen production in cyanobacteria during dark anaerobiosis. Here we have performed a systematic inventory of carbon and nitrogen metabolites, redox pools, and excreted product fluxes which show that addition of nitrate to cultures of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 has no influence on glycogen catabolic rate, but shifts the distribution of excreted products from predominantly lactate and H2 to predominantly CO2 and nitrite, while increasing the total consumption of intracellular reducing equivalents (mainly glycogen) by 3-fold.

Hyperfine interactions and electron distribution in Fe(II)Fe (I) and Fe (I)Fe (I) models for the active site of the [FeFe] hydrogenases: Mössbauer spectroscopy studies of low-spin Fe(I.).

Mössbauer studies of [{μ-S(CH2C(CH3)2CH2S}(μ-CO)Fe(II)Fe(I)(PMe3)2(CO)3]PF6 (1 OX ), a model complex for the oxidized state of the [FeFe] hydrogenases, and the parent Fe(I)Fe(I) derivative are reported. The paramagnetic 1 OX is part of a series featuring a dimethylpropanedithiolate bridge, introducing steric hindrance with profound impact on the electronic structure of the diiron complex. Well-resolved spectra of 1 OX allow determination of the magnetic hyperfine couplings for the low-spin distal Fe(I) ([Formula: see text]) site, A x,y,z  = [-24 (6), -12 (2), 20 (2)] MHz, and the detection of significant internal fields (approximately 2.

Natural osmolytes are much less effective substrates than glycogen for catabolic energy production in the marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002.

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, encoded by glgC, catalyzes the first step of glycogen and glucosylglycer(ol/ate) biosynthesis. Here we report the construction of the first glgC null mutant of a marine cyanobacterium (Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002) and investigate its impact on dark anoxic metabolism (autofermentation).

Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002 nifJ mutant lacking pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase.

The nifJ gene codes for pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR), which reduces ferredoxin during fermentative catabolism of pyruvate to acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). A nifJ knockout mutant was constructed that lacks one of two pathways for the oxidation of pyruvate in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002.

Redirecting reductant flux into hydrogen production via metabolic engineering of fermentative carbon metabolism in a cyanobacterium.

Some aquatic microbial oxygenic photoautotrophs (AMOPs) make hydrogen (H(2)), a carbon-neutral, renewable product derived from water, in low yields during autofermentation (anaerobic metabolism) of intracellular carbohydrates previously stored during aerobic photosynthesis. We have constructed a mutant (the ldhA mutant) of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002 lacking the enzyme for the NADH-dependent reduction of pyruvate to D-lactate, the major fermentative reductant sink in this AMOP.

Identification and quantification of water-soluble metabolites by cryoprobe-assisted nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy applied to microbial fermentation.

We highlight a range of cryoprobe-assisted NMR methods for studying metabolite production by cyanobacteria, which should be valuable for a wide range of biological applications requiring ultrasensitivity and precise concentration determination over a large dynamic range. Cyroprobe-assisted (1)H and (13)C NMR have been applied to precise determination of metabolic products excreted during autofermentation in two cyanobacterial species: filamentous Arthrospira (Spirulina) maxima CS-328 and unicellular Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002.