Abnormal p53 Immunohistochemical Patterns Are Associated with Regional Lymph Node Metastasis in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma at Time of Surgery.

Most (60%-80%) of the oral cavity invasive squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) demonstrate molecular alterations in TP53. The presence of TP53 mutations in multiple organ systems has been associated with a more aggressive clinical course. This study aimed to classify OSCC into p53 wild-type OSCC and p53-abnormal OSCC using p53 immunohistochemistry and to determine if abnormal p53 status correlates with a higher risk of lymph node metastasis at the time of surgery.

p53 Abnormal Oral Epithelial Dysplasias are Associated With High Risks of Progression and Local Recurrence-A Retrospective Study in a Longitudinal Cohort.

Grading of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) can be challenging with considerable intraobserver and interobserver variability. Abnormal immunohistochemical staining patterns of the tumor suppressor protein, p53, have been recently shown to be potentially associated with progression in OED. We retrospectively identified 214 oral biopsies from 203 patients recruited in a longitudinal study between 2001 and 2008 with a diagnosis of reactive, nondysplastic lesions, low-grade lesions (mild OED and moderate OED) and high-grade lesions (HGLs; severe OED/carcinoma in situ).

Quantitative nuclear phenotype signatures predict nodal disease in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients have a one-in-four risk of regional metastasis (LN+), which is also the most significant prognostic factor for survival. As there are no validated biomarkers for predicting LN+ in early-stage OSCC, elective neck dissection often leads to over-treatment and under-treatment. We present a machine-learning-based model using the quantitative nuclear phenotype of cancer cells from the primary tumor to predict the risk of nodal disease.

Prognostic value and cost benefit of HPV testing for oropharyngeal cancer patients.

Objectives: High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) can cause oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OpSCC). The revised 8th edition of the AJCC Staging Manual now stages OpSCC by incorporating p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC), the surrogate marker for HPV status. This study assessed the prognostic values of p16 and HPV markers.

Tumor microRNA profile and prognostic value for lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Neck lymph node metastasis (LN+) is one of the most significant prognostic factors affecting 1-in-2 patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The different LN outcomes between clinico-pathologically similar primary tumors suggest underlying molecular signatures that could be associated with the risk of nodal disease development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs)are short non-coding molecules that regulate the expression of their target genes to maintain the balance of cellular processes.

Plasma-Derived Inflammatory Proteins Predict Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major concern with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, even with the current knowledge and the advancement in treatment. OSCCs diagnosed at late-stage often require wide-excision with or without neck dissection, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. When deemed successful, treatment often results in diminished quality of life, impaired function, and disfigurement.

Tumor-associated immune aggregates in oral cancer: Their cellular composition and potential prognostic significance.

There is growing evidence supporting the importance of immune microenvironment in cancer development and progression, especially with the rapid development of immunotherapy. Presence of immune cell aggregates in solid tumors has been associated with clinical outcomes, but little is known about the immune microenvironment in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which has high morbidity and mortality. Based on our preliminary observation, we hypothesize that there is the presence of tumor-associated immune aggregates (TaIAs) during oral cancer development.

Nodal Disease Burden for Early-Stage Oral Cancer.

Importance: Nodal disease has a significant effect on survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The decision for elective neck dissection for clinically node-negative (cN0) disease remains elusive.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of prophylactic neck treatment and to assess the value of commonly used clinicopathologic factors associated with nodal disease for early-stage OSCC.