T cell factor 1 (TCF-1) defines T cell differentiation in colorectal cancer.

The presence of precursor to exhausted (T) CD8 T cells is important to maintain robust immunity following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). Impressive responses to ICI are emerging in patients with stage II-III mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC). We found 64% of dMMR and 15% of mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) stage III CRCs had a high frequency of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL-hi).

Graham Patch Repair of a Prepyloric Ulcer Complicated by Recurrent Abdominal Abscesses and Leukocytosis: A Case Report.

This case report describes the clinical course of a 51-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of anemia who presented to the emergency department with worsening diffuse abdominal pain and weakness two days after dental surgery. The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, manifesting as tachycardia, diaphoresis, and a peritonitic abdomen. A CT scan revealed a perforated gastric ulcer, prompting emergent laparoscopy, Graham patch repair, and abdominal washout.

TCF-1 limits intraepithelial lymphocyte antitumor immunity in colorectal carcinoma.

Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), including αβ and γδ T cells (T-IELs), constantly survey and play a critical role in maintaining the gastrointestinal epithelium. We show that cytotoxic molecules important for defense against cancer were highly expressed by T-IELs in the small intestine. In contrast, abundance of colonic T-IELs was dependent on the microbiome and displayed higher expression of TCF-1/ and a reduced effector and cytotoxic profile, including low expression of granzymes.

Readability and Suitability of Information Presented on a University Health Center Website.

This study evaluated the readability and suitability of a university health center public website. Readability formulas estimated the reading grade and age required for comprehension of health information. The Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) instrument determined adequacy of the webpages for the intended audience.

Kinetics of geopolymerization followed by rheology: a general model.

The geopolymerization process necessitates the activation of an aluminosilicate source by an alkaline solution. Its kinetics is followed by rheology. The storage modulus (') and loss modulus ('') are monitored through oscillatory rheological measurements from the early stage, geopolymer paste, to the gel point with the formation of a geopolymer network.

Conventional and nano-copper pesticides are equally toxic to the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus.

Modern nano-engineered pesticides have great promise for agriculture due to their extended, low dose release profiles that are intended to increase effectiveness but reduce environmental harm. Whether nanopesticides, including copper (Cu) formulations, cause reduced levels of toxicity to non-target aquatic organisms is unclear but important to assess. Predicting how aquatic species respond to incidental exposure to Cu-based nanopesticides is challenging because of the expected very low concentrations in the environment, and the two forms of exposure that may occur, namely to Cu ions and Cu nanoparticles.

Draft Genome Sequences of 16 Halophilic Prokaryotes Isolated from Diverse Environments.

Halophile-specific enzymes have wide-ranging industrial and commercial applications. Despite their importance, there is a paucity of available halophile whole-genome sequences. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of 16 diverse salt-tolerant strains of bacteria and archaea isolated from a variety of high-salt environments.

Repurposing the selective estrogen receptor modulator to suppress gastrointestinal cancer growth.

Excessive signaling through gp130, the shared receptor for the interleukin (IL)6 family of cytokines, is a common hallmark in solid malignancies and promotes their progression. Here, we established the utility of a steroid analog clinically approved for the treatment of osteoporosis, to suppress gp130-dependent tumor growth of the gastrointestinal epithelium. administration reduced gastric tumor burden in mice, where tumors arise exclusively through excessive gp130/STAT3 signaling in response to the IL6 family cytokine IL11.

Reduction potential calculations of the Fe-S clusters in Thermus thermophilus respiratory complex I.

Respiratory complex I facilitates electron transfer from NADH to quinone over ~95 Å through a chain of seven iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters in the respiratory chain. In this study, the reduction potentials of the Fe-S clusters in Thermus thermophilus complex I are calculated using a Density Functional Theory + Poisson-Boltzmann method. Our results indicate that the reduction potentials are influenced by a variety of factors including the clusters being deeply buried in the complex and the protonation state of buried ionizable residues.

A single-site multipole model for liquid water.

Accurate and efficient empirical potential energy models that describe the atomistic interactions between water molecules in the liquid phase are essential for computer simulations of many problems in physics, chemistry, and biology, especially when long length or time scales are important. However, while models with non-polarizable partial charges at four or five sites in a water molecule give remarkably good values for certain properties, deficiencies have been noted in other properties and increasing the number of sites decreases computational efficiency. An alternate approach is to utilize a multipole expansion of the electrostatic potential due to the molecular charge distribution, which is exact outside the charge distribution in the limits of infinite distances or infinite orders of multipoles while partial charges are a qualitative representation of electron density as point charges.

Molecular Multipole Potential Energy Functions for Water.

Water is the most common liquid on this planet, with many unique properties that make it essential for life as we know it. These properties must arise from features in the charge distribution of a water molecule, so it is essential to capture these features in potential energy functions for water to reproduce its liquid state properties in computer simulations. Recently, models that utilize a multipole expansion located on a single site in the water molecule, or "molecular multipole models", have been shown to rival and even surpass site models with up to five sites in reproducing both the electrostatic potential around a molecule and a variety of liquid state properties in simulations.

A Systematic Investigation of -Nitrophenol Reduction by Bimetallic Dendrimer Encapsulated Nanoparticles.

We demonstrate that the reduction of -nitrophenol to -aminophenol by NaBH is catalyzed by both monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs). We also demonstrate a straightforward and precise method for the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles using poly(amido)amine dendrimers. The resulting dendrimer encapsulated nanoparticles (DENs) are monodisperse, and the size distribution does not vary with different elemental combinations.