Structural Sexism and Breastfeeding in the United States, 2016-2021.

Introduction: Recent studies demonstrate that structural sexism erodes women's health and impedes access to healthcare. This study extends this research to examine the relationship between structural sexism and breastfeeding initiation and duration in the United States.

Method: A multifaceted state-level structural sexism index was constructed and merged with responses from the 2016-2021 National Survey of Children's Health by state and child's birth year.

Older Adults and the Food Security Infrastructure.

This project explores the correlates of state variation in food security using data from the 2008 to 2018 Current Population Survey's Food Security Supplements. The focus is on the relationship between state-level availability and accessibility of congregate and home-delivered meal programs, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), the Senior Farmer's Market Nutrition Program (SFMNP) and the Commodity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP) on food security among lower-income households headed by older adults (ages 60 and up). Results show evidence that a senior-specific state level food security infrastructure plays a role in the food security status of households headed by older adults.

Family Structure and Child Food Insecurity: Evidence from the Current Population Survey.

Food insecurity-the lack of consistent access to adequate amounts of food-remains a reality for many American families. Although children are usually protected from reductions in food intake even in households with low food security, about 8 percent of all households with children also experienced reduced food intake and disrupted eating patterns. The research on child food insecurity and family structure is limited and the findings are mixed.

Trading Youth for Citizenship? The Spousal Age Gap in Cross-Border Marriages.

Prior studies concerning patterns of intermarriage among immigrants have primarily focused on how factors such as race/ethnicity, educational attainment, and country of origin shape the choice of a spouse. Moreover, they have focused on intermarriage patterns among immigrants who are already in the US. Using the 2010-2014 American Community Survey (ACS), we focus on immigrants who were not US citizens at the time of their marriage and highlight patterns of status exchange, specifically, the exchange of youth for citizenship.

A Decade of Change: Measuring the Extent, Depth and Severity of Food Insecurity.

Rates of food insecurity in the US have been rising since 2000 spiking with the onset of the Great Recession in 2008, and have remained essentially unchanged since then despite improvements in the economy. The present study employed a series of indices adapted from the poverty literature to examine the depth and severity of food insecurity across the decade by race and ethnicity among low-income households with and without children. The most rapid increases in the depth and severity of food insecurity were found among low-income households without children.

Relationship Involvement Among Young Adults: Are Asian American Men an Exceptional Case?

Asian American men and women have been largely neglected in previous studies of romantic relationship formation and status. Using data from the first and fourth waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), we examine romantic and sexual involvement among young adults, most of who were between the ages of 25 to 32 (N=11,555). Drawing from explanations that focus on structural and cultural elements as well as racial hierarchies, we examine the factors that promote and impede involvement in romantic/sexual relationships.

Adverse Childhood Experiences, the Medical Home, and Child Well-Being.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACE), access to a medical home and a global measure of well-being among children ages 6-17 using the 2011-2012 National Survey of Children's Health.

Methods: Multivariate linear regressions assessed the associations between each adverse experience and an index of child well-being with and without the impact of other events. The number of ACE was summed for each respondent and the analyses were repeated with the cumulative score as a continuous variable.

WELFARE AND THE CHILDREN OF IMMIGRANTS: TRANSMISSION OF DEPENDENCE OR INVESTMENT IN THE FUTURE?

The public concern that immigrant families might be using a disproportionate share of social benefits and transmitting some form of public dependency to their children, combined with the rising levels of immigrants entering the country, fueled the passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act in 1996, which limited public assistance to many immigrant families. This paper uses the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 to explore the association between exposure to welfare and young adult outcomes of high school graduation, college enrollment and labor force participation with a focus on parental nativity status as well as broad country of origin group. Results indicate a persistent negative association between welfare legacy and high school graduation; a negative association that is most pronounced for children of natives.

Socioeconomic status and body mass index among Hispanic children of immigrants and children of natives.

Objectives: We examined how Hispanic parents' income and education, combined with their nativity status, influenced the body mass index (BMI) of their children, compared with non-Hispanic White children and their parents.

Methods: We used data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-99 to estimate linear growth curve models of children's initial BMI in kindergarten and change in BMI through fifth grade. Socioeconomic status was measured by logged household income and parental educational attainment (less than high school, high school graduate, some college, college graduate or higher).

Maternal employment and overweight among Hispanic children of immigrants and children of natives.

This research examines the relationship between maternal employment and child overweight among fifth grade Hispanic and non-Hispanic white children. Data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten (ECLS-K) cohort fifth grade sample (N = 4,360) were analyzed. OLS regression models were estimated predicting percentile BMI as a function of maternal employment, ethnicity, parental nativity status, income, and the interactions of employment, ethnicity/nativity, and income.

Immigrant generation, socioeconomic status, and economic development of countries of origin: a longitudinal study of body mass index among children.

Prior research has yielded mixed evidence of a relationship between immigrant generational status or acculturation and overweight or obesity among children of immigrants. This study examined socioeconomic status (SES) and economic development of the sending country as additional factors influencing children body mass index (BMI) and as moderating the relationship between parental generational status and BMI. Using data from the kindergarten cohort of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Survey (N=16,664 children) carried out in the USA, the research estimated growth curve models and tested the significance of interaction terms between generational status (i.

Diversity and change in the institutional context of immigrant adaptation: California schools 1985-2000.

This article brings attention to a structural dimensions of the schooling context that may affect the incorporation of immigrant youths. Using administrative data about students in California public schools, we found that Spanish-speaking, limited English-proficient (LEP) children have become increasingly more likely to attend schools with low-income, minority, and LEP students than other non-LEP and LEP groups. Nearly all the change in school composition can be attributed to statewide shifts in the composition of the school-aged population.