Occipital Nocardia Abscess Presenting With Positive Visual Phenomenon and Quadrantanopsia.

A 74-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, glaucoma, and Stage IIIB squamous cell lung cancer experienced several minutes of flashing lights in his right visual hemifield, followed by onset of a right visual field defect. On examination, the patient had a right homonymous hemianopsia that was most dense inferiorly by confrontation testing. Emergent CT scan of the head revealed a 2.

Identification of a second glycoform of the clinically prevalent O1 antigen from .

Carbapenemase and extended β-lactamase-producing isolates represent a major health threat, stimulating increasing interest in immunotherapeutic approaches for combating infections. Lipopolysaccharide O antigen polysaccharides offer viable targets for immunotherapeutic development, and several studies have described protection with O-specific antibodies in animal models of infection. O1 antigen is produced by almost half of clinical isolates.

Randomized intervention and outpatient follow-up lowers 30-d readmissions for patients with hepatic encephalopathy, decompensated cirrhosis.

Background: We previously reported national 30-d readmission rates of 27% in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (DC).

Aim: To study prospective interventions to reduce early readmissions in DC at our tertiary center.

Methods: Adults with DC admitted July 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled and randomized into the intervention (INT) or standard of care (SOC) arms.

Response to Tcherkez and Farquhar: Rubisco adaptation is more limited by phylogenetic constraint than by catalytic trade-off.

Rubisco is the primary entry point for carbon into the biosphere. It has been widely proposed that rubisco is highly constrained by catalytic trade-offs due to correlations between the enzyme's kinetic traits across species. In previous work, we have shown that the strength of these correlations, and thus the strength of catalytic trade-offs, have been overestimated due to the presence of phylogenetic signal in the kinetic trait data (Bouvier et al.

Notch signaling drives intestinal graft-versus-host disease in mice and nonhuman primates.

Notch signaling promotes T cell pathogenicity and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) in mice, with a dominant role for the Delta-like Notch ligand DLL4. To assess whether Notch's effects are evolutionarily conserved and to identify the mechanisms of Notch signaling inhibition, we studied antibody-mediated DLL4 blockade in a nonhuman primate (NHP) model similar to human allo-HCT. Short-term DLL4 blockade improved posttransplant survival with durable protection from gastrointestinal GVHD in particular.

Fidelity of D.A.R.E. Officers' Delivery of "keepin' it REAL" in Elementary & Middle School.

The goal of the current study is to examine the degree to which measures of quality of implementation and student engagement moderate pretest-posttest changes in mediating variables that are targeted by DARE "keepin' it REAL." DARE officers (10 elementary school, five middle school) taught DARE "keepin' it REAL lessons to 1,017 elementary students (480 boys and 534 girls) and 435 middle school students (217 boys and 215 girls). We examined teachers' and students' ratings of elementary and middle schools in response to DARE officers' delivery of the program.

Molecular Characterization and Sterol Profiles Identify Nonsynonymous Mutations in as a Major Mechanism Conferring Reduced Susceptibility to Amphotericin B in Candida kefyr.

The molecular basis of reduced susceptibility to amphotericin B (rs-AMB) among any yeasts is poorly defined. Genetic alterations in genes involved in ergosterol biosynthesis and total cell sterols were investigated among clinical Candida kefyr isolates. C.

Outcomes from a national screening program for Ukrainian refugees at risk of drug resistant tuberculosis in Wales.

High rates of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Ukraine suggest screening is necessary to mitigate public health hazards for host populations. A pathway was implemented in Wales and data prospectively collected Between 8 April and 21 December 2022. Of 5425 Ukrainian arrivals, notifications were received by TB teams on 2395 (44%) of whom 1955 (82%) were screened.

Public health benefits of shifting from hospital-focused to ambulatory TB care in Eastern Europe: Optimising TB investments in Belarus, the Republic of Moldova, and Romania.

High rates of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) continue to threaten public health, especially in Eastern Europe. Costs for treating DR-TB are substantially higher than treating drug-susceptible TB, and higher yet if DR-TB services are delivered in hospital. The WHO recommends that multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB be treated using mainly ambulatory care, shown to have non-inferior health outcomes, however, there has been a delay to transition away from hospital-focused MDR-TB care in certain Eastern European countries.

Predicting Dental Caries in Young Children in Primary Health Care Settings.

Young children need increased access to dental prevention and care. Targeting high caries risk children first helps meet this need. The objective of this study was to develop a parent-completed, easy-to-score, short, accurate caries risk tool for screening in primary health care settings to identify children at increased risk for cavities.

The Floating Clavicle: Surgical Technique for Management of an Ipsilateral Acromioclavicular and Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocation.

Bipolar "floating" clavicle injuries are infrequent upper-extremity injuries that occur secondary to a high-energy trauma, which can cause dislocation at the sternoclavicular (SC) and acromioclavicular joints. Given the rarity of this injury, there is not a consensus regarding clinical management. Although anterior dislocations can be managed nonoperatively, posterior dislocations may pose a threat to chest-wall structures and typically are managed surgically.

Impact of high- and low-flow nebulised saline on airway hydration and mucociliary transport.

Background: Nebulised drugs, including osmotic agents and saline, are increasingly used during noninvasive respiratory support, including nasal high-flow therapy. The authors conducted an study to compare the hydration effect of nebulised isotonic 0.9% and hypertonic 7.

Postoperative Rehabilitation for Arthroscopic Management of Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: a Contemporary Review.

Purpose Of Review: Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) is a common cause of hip pain that may potentially lead to osteoarthritis. Operative management of FAIS seeks to arthroscopically reshape the abnormal hip morphology and repair the labrum. For rehabilitation following operative management, a structured physical therapy program is unanimously recommended for the patient to return to their previous level of physical activity.

Sensorimotor Behavior in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Unaffected Biological Parents.

Background: Sensorimotor impairments are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and evident in unaffected first-degree relatives, suggesting that they may serve as important endophenotypes associated with inherited risk. We tested the familiality of sensorimotor impairments in ASD across multiple motor behaviors and effector systems and in relation to parental broader autism phenotypic (BAP) characteristics.

Methods: Fifty-eight autistic individuals (probands), 109 parents, and 89 control participants completed tests of manual motor and oculomotor control.

Sedation and Analgesia for Reduction of Pediatric Ileocolic Intussusception.

Importance: Ileocolic intussusception is an important cause of intestinal obstruction in children. Reduction of ileocolic intussusception using air or fluid enema is the standard of care. This likely distressing procedure is usually performed without sedation or analgesia, but practice variation exists.

The Evolutionary Constraints on Angiosperm Chloroplast Adaptation.

The chloroplast (plastid) arose via the endosymbiosis of a photosynthetic cyanobacterium by a nonphotosynthetic eukaryotic cell ∼1.5 billion years ago. Although the plastid underwent rapid evolution by genome reduction, its rate of molecular evolution is low and its genome organization is highly conserved.

Development of a Definition of Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Importance: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with persistent, relapsing, or new symptoms or other health effects occurring after acute infection, termed postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), also known as long COVID. Characterizing PASC requires analysis of prospectively and uniformly collected data from diverse uninfected and infected individuals.

Objective: To develop a definition of PASC using self-reported symptoms and describe PASC frequencies across cohorts, vaccination status, and number of infections.