Correction: Assessing the Feasibility and Acceptability of Smart Speakers in Behavioral Intervention Research With Older Adults: Mixed Methods Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/54800.].

Assessing the Feasibility and Acceptability of Smart Speakers in Behavioral Intervention Research With Older Adults: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Smart speakers, such as Amazon's Echo and Google's Nest Home, combine natural language processing with a conversational interface to carry out everyday tasks, like playing music and finding information. Easy to use, they are embraced by older adults, including those with limited physical function, vision, or computer literacy. While smart speakers are increasingly used for research purposes (eg, implementing interventions and automatically recording selected research data), information on the advantages and disadvantages of using these devices for studies related to health promotion programs is limited.

Syndemic factors associated with non-fatal overdose among young opioid users in New York City.

Introduction: Rates of illicit opioid use are particularly high among young adults, yet research on overdose experience and factors associated with overdose in this population remains limited. This study examines the experiences and correlates of non-fatal overdose among young adults using illicit opioids in New York City (NYC).

Methods: 539 participants were recruited via Respondent-Driven Sampling in 2014-2016.

An examination of the influence of drained peatlands on regional stream water chemistry.

Unlabelled: Currently, 50% of Irish rivers do not meet water quality standards, with many declining due to numerous pressures, including peatland degradation. This study examines stream water quality in the Irish midlands, a region where raised bogs have been all historically disturbed to various extent and the majority drained for industrial or domestic peat extraction. For the first time, we provide in-depth analysis of stream water chemistry within a heavily modified bog landscape.

Menstrual hygiene management practices and determinants among schoolgirls in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: The urgency of tackling bottlenecks - Water and sanitation services.

Background: Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) service provision and improving schoolgirls' hygienic practices in schools are among the major challenges for low and middle income countries, including Ethiopia, in meeting the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. This study was conducted to assess schoolgirls' MHM practices and what influences those practices in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 401 adolescent schoolgirls and 98 school directors that were selected using a multistage sampling method.

Opportunities, approaches and challenges to the engagement of citizens in filling small water body data gaps.

Monitoring the condition (water quality, biodiversity, hydromorphology) of small water bodies presents a challenge for the relevant authorities in terms of time and resources (labour and financial) due to the extensive length of the stream network or the sheer number of small standing water bodies. Citizen science can help address information gaps, but the effort required should not be underestimated if such projects are to generate reliable and sustained data collection. The overall aim of this paper is to propose a framework for operationalisation of citizen science targeting collection of data from small water bodies.

Patient Understanding of Oncologic Radiology Reports: Is Access to Electronic Medical Records Helpful?

Access to electronic medical record (EMR) patient portals made it easier for patients to quickly acquire the results of their radiology studies. However, there is little research on how well oncology patients understand the findings of radiology reports presented in the online portal without patient-physician discussion. This study assessed oncology patients' confidence and accuracy in interpreting radiology reports either with or without layman translations.

Using weighted expert judgement and nonlinear data analysis to improve Bayesian belief network models for riverine ecosystem services.

Rivers are a key part of the hydrological cycle and a vital conduit of water resources, but are under increasing threat from anthropogenic pressures. Linking pressures with ecosystem services is challenging because the processes interconnecting the physico-chemical, biological and socio-economic elements are usually captured using heterogenous methods. Our objectives were, firstly, to advance an existing proof-of-principle Bayesian belief network (BBN) model for integration of ecosystem services considerations into river management.

Nanopore metatranscriptomics reveals cryptic catfish species as potential Shigella flexneri vectors in Kenya.

Bacteria in the Shigella genus remain a major cause of dysentery in sub-Saharan Africa, and annually cause an estimated 600,000 deaths worldwide. Being spread by contaminated food and water, this study highlights how wild caught food, in the form of freshwater catfish, can act as vectors for Shigella flexneri in Southern Kenya. A metatranscriptomic approach was used to identify the presence of Shigella flexneri in the catfish which had been caught for consumption from the Galana river.

Naloxone administration among opioid-involved overdose deaths in 38 United States jurisdictions in the State Unintentional Drug Overdose Reporting System, 2019.

Background: The majority of drug overdose deaths in the United States involve opioids, and synthetic opioid-involved overdose death rates are increasing. Naloxone is a key prevention strategy yet estimates of its administration are limited.

Methods: We analyzed 2019 data from 37 states and the District of Columbia in CDC's State Unintentional Drug Overdose Reporting System to estimate the percentage of decedents, by sociodemographic subgroup, who experienced a fatal opioid-involved overdose and had no evidence of naloxone administration.

Refining benthic macroinvertebrate kick sampling protocol for wadeable rivers and streams in Ethiopia.

Streams and rivers cover a larger proportion of the Earth's surface but are highly affected by human pressures. Conversely, bioassessment methods are in their infancy in developing countries such as Ethiopia. In this study, we compared 2- and 3-min macroinvertebrate kick samples at multiple locations for both riffle habitat (RH) and multihabitat (MH) approaches.

A Bayesian Modelling Framework for Integration of Ecosystem Services into Freshwater Resources Management.

Models of ecological response to multiple stressors and of the consequences for ecosystem services (ES) delivery are scarce. This paper describes a methodology for constructing a BBN combining catchment and water quality model output, data, and expert knowledge that can support the integration of ES into water resources management. It proposes "small group" workshop methods for elucidating expert knowledge and analyses the areas of agreement and disagreement between experts.

Coarse sediment dynamics and low-head dams: Monitoring instantaneous bedload transport using a stationary RFID antenna.

Coarse sediment transport in fluvial systems serves an important role in determining in-stream physical habitat, spawning potential and benthic community structure. However, despite more than a decade of pressure in Europe to restore stream continuity under the Water Framework Directive (WFD), there have been relatively few empirical studies on how low-head, run-of-river structures (i.e.

A User Study on the Feasibility and Acceptance of Delivering Physical Activity Programs to Older Adults through Conversational Agents.

The implementation of evidence-based physical activity (PA) programs for older adults is limited in part due to the administration-related personnel costs. The rapid growth of the off-the-shelf smart speakers, conversational agents (CAs), demonstrates the potential of scalable delivery of PA programs to older adults at home. We implemented a PA virtual coach based on an evidence-based PA program on a Google Home device, and conducted a user study to examine how older adults interact with the virtual coach.

Social media and social wellbeing in later life.

Social wellbeing is important to health, but maintaining social relations often becomes difficult in later life due to retirement, chronic disease, and the death of spouses and friends. Social media platforms, such as Facebook and Twitter, present accessible and low-cost communication technologies that have been demonstrated to enhance feelings of social connection and reduce loneliness in younger age groups. This exploratory study uses a four-week social media training workshop as an intervention in a randomised controlled study to examine whether similar social benefits might be realised for those at older ages, aged 65+ years.

Adverse Childhood Experiences Predict Early Initiation of Opioid Use Behaviors.

Although a substantial body of research documents a relationship between traumatic stress in childhood and the initiation of substance use later in the life course, only limited research has examined potential linkages between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the initiation of non-medical prescription opioid use and other opioid use behaviors. The present study contributes to this growing body of work by investigating the association of childhood trauma with early initiation of a series of opioid use behaviors. New York City young adults ( = 539) ages 18-29 who reported non-medical use of prescription opioids or heroin use in the past 30 days were recruited using Respondent-Driven Sampling in 2014-16.

The Joint Effect of Childhood Abuse and Homelessness on Substance Use in Adulthood.

Childhood abuse and homelessness are independently associated with substance use. Though childhood abuse and homelessness are strongly correlated, research on the joint effect of exposure to both traumatic life events on substance use is limited. To estimate independent and joint effects of childhood abuse and homelessness on substance use risk during emerging adulthood and adulthood.

Trends and Geographic Patterns in Drug and Synthetic Opioid Overdose Deaths - United States, 2013-2019.

Deaths involving synthetic opioids other than methadone (synthetic opioids), which largely consist of illicitly manufactured fentanyl; psychostimulants with abuse potential (e.g., methamphetamine); and cocaine have increased in recent years, particularly since 2013 (1,2).

Effect of low-head dams on reach-scale suspended sediment dynamics in coarse-bedded streams.

River infrastructure is one of the primary threats to riverine ecosystems globally, altering hydromorphological processes and isolating habitats. Instream barriers and low-head dams can have significant effects on system connectivity, but despite this, very few empirical studies have assessed the impacts of these structures on suspended sediment transport. Through a paired turbidity study over a 20-month monitoring period we investigated the differences in suspended sediment flux above and below two low-head dams in the south-east of Ireland.

Terms and Measures of Cognitive Health Associated With Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: A Scoping Review.

(2007) called on the research community to disseminate its work on cognitive aging and cognitive health. The purpose of this scoping review was to (1) identify terminology that cognitive, social, and behavioral scientists use to describe cognitive aging and cognitive health, in association with dementia and Alzheimer's disease, among older adults; (2) demonstrate how such terms are defined; and (3) illustrate how these constructs are measured in research settings. Empirical studies published 2007-2018 were examined for terminology, definitions, disciplinary orientation, and measurement mechanisms.

An inspection-based assessment of obstacles to salmon, trout, eel and lamprey migration and river channel connectivity in Ireland.

Knowledge of the location, physical attributes and impacts of obstacles on river connectivity is a requirement for any mitigating action aimed at restoring the connectivity of a river system. Here, we present a study that recorded the numbers and physical diversity of obstacles in 10 river catchments in Ireland, together with the impact these structures had on overall river connectivity. A total of 372 obstacles were recorded, 3 of these were dams, and the remainder were low-head weirs/sluices, obstacles associated with road or rail crossings of rivers and natural structures.

Impact of low-head dams on bedload transport rates in coarse-bedded streams.

This paper presents an empirical study that uses the movement of RFID tracers to investigate the impacts of low-head dams on solid transport dynamics in coarse-bedded streams. Here we report on the influence of two structures located in Ireland's South-East, both of which indicate that particles greater than the reach D can be carried through and over low-head dams. This observation suggests that both structures may have reached a state of 'transient storage' as hypothesized by previous research.