Short-changing the future: The systemic gap between psychology internship stipends and living wages.

Introduction: Providing doctoral internship stipends below living wages may harm interns, the clinical services they provide, and the field of health service psychology as a whole. This study evaluated the extent to which doctoral psychology internship stipends from the 2021-2022 training year for APA-accredited, APPIC-member programs in the US are consistent with living wages in the geographic region where sites are located.

Methods: We obtained data reflecting internship sites' geographic location and stipends for the 2021-2022 academic year.

Transgender and gender expansive emerging adults: The moderating role of thwarted belongingness on mental health.

Transgender and gender expansive emerging adults experience multiple forms of gender minority stress, which affect their mental health and wellbeing. Belongingness has been identified as a factor that fosters resilience among this population, with potential protective effects. Few studies have explored the role of thwarted belongingness and its potential moderating effect on the relation between gender minority stress and mental health.

Mental health symptoms and engagement in a stepped-care mental health service among patients with a violent versus nonviolent injury.

Background: Few studies have examined mental health symptom trajectories and engagement in mental health follow-up in relation to mechanism of injury. This study examined differences in engagement between survivors of nonviolent and violent injury in the Trauma Resilience and Recovery Program (TRRP), a stepped-care, technology-enhanced model that provides evidence-based mental health screening and treatment to patients admitted to our Level I trauma service.

Methods: This study analyzed data from 2,527 adults enrolled in TRRP at hospital bedside between 2018 and 2022, including 398 patients (16%) with a violent injury and 2,129 patients (84%) with a nonviolent injury.

Cyclical 10-day dosing of melphalan for canine multiple myeloma.

Canine multiple myeloma (MM) is typically treated with melphalan chemotherapy. A protocol with repeated 10-day cyclical dosing of melphalan has been used at our institution but has not been described in the literature. Our objectives were to describe the outcome and adverse events of this protocol in a retrospective case series.

Peer Factors as Mediators of Relations Between Exposure to Violence and Physical Aggression in Middle School Students in a Low-Income Urban Community.

Objective: Although prior research has demonstrated that peers influence both physical aggression and exposure to violence during adolescence, few studies have investigated the extent to which peers play a role in relations between physical aggression and violence exposure. This longitudinal study examined peer pressure for fighting, friends' delinquent behavior, and friends' support for fighting as mediators of relations between exposure to violence through witnessing and victimization, and adolescents' frequency of physical aggression.

Method: Participants were 2,707 adolescents attending three urban middle schools (age = 12.

Ecological promotive and protective factors deterring gun carriage for young adults living in communities with high rates of community violence.

This study identified promotive and protective factors that lessened the likelihood of handgun carriage in a sample of 141 predominantly Black (97%) young adults (ages 18-22) living in high burden communities experiencing elevated rates of violence. Participants completed surveys assessing overall risk and protective factors for violence across ecological contexts (e.g.

Individual- and Peer-Level Risk and Protective Factors for Gun Carriage Among Adolescents Living in Low-Income Urban Communities.

Carrying a handgun is an established risk factor for firearm violence, with detrimental and too often irreversible consequences for adolescents including injury and mortality. Although researchers identified a number of risk factors for adolescent handgun carriage, little is known regarding the role of strengths or developmental assets in buffering against risk. The goal of this study was to identify both risk and protective factors for handgun carriage among a predominantly African American (88%) community-based sample of adolescents ( = 14.

Childhood adversity and co-occurring post-traumatic stress and externalizing symptoms among a predominantly low-income, African American sample of early adolescents.

Although there is strong evidence supporting the association between childhood adversity and symptomatology during adolescence, the extent to which adolescents present with distinct patterns of co-occurring post-traumatic stress (PTS) and externalizing symptoms remains unclear. Additionally, prior research suggests that experiencing nonviolent, negative life events may be more salient risk factors for developing some forms of psychopathology than exposure to violence. The current study used latent profile analysis to identify subgroups of early adolescents with distinct patterns of PTS, physical aggression, delinquency, and substance use, and examined subgroup differences in exposure to three forms of violent and nonviolent childhood adversity.

Nutrition and hair.

Healthy hair results from a combination of good generalized health and mindful health care practices. Many nutritional deficiencies lead to poor hair health and include changes to hair structure, texture, and viability. Although the mechanisms by which individual nutrients contribute to hair growth and maintenance have yet to be fully resolved, there are a variety of risk factors that predispose an individual to a nutritional deficiency; age, malnutrition, malabsorption, and medication use are among the most common.

Positive Engagement with Pets Buffers the Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Callous-Unemotional Traits in Children.

Childhood exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with serious psychological outcomes including increased odds of developing callous-unemotional (CU) traits and behaviors. Recent studies suggest that concomitant exposure to animal cruelty (AC) may increase this risk. However, even under these circumstances, bonds with companion animals may still be a protective factor that buffers the deleterious impact of IPV on child adjustment.

Psychometric Properties of the Infant Toddler Activity Card Sort.

The Infant Toddler Activity Card Sort (ITACS) is a new measure that engages caregivers in goal development by measuring participation in early childhood. Initial evaluation of the ITACS is required to assess its psychometric properties. To evaluate test-retest reliability, concurrent validity, and between-group differences of the ITACS.

"Hurt people hurt people": Relations between adverse experiences and patterns of cyber and in-person aggression and victimization among urban adolescents.

This study identified subgroups of adolescents with distinct patterns of involvement with overt and relational in-person and cyber aggression and victimization. We also assessed subgroup similarities and differences in exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), exposure to community violence, and trauma symptoms. Using latent class analysis, we identified three subgroups among 265 adolescents (M  = 14.

Psychosocial Adjustment Across Aggressor/Victim Subgroups: A Systematic Review and Critical Evaluation of Theory.

Theoretical conceptualizations of "aggressive-victims" portray them as more emotionally dysregulated and socially inept than adolescents who are either aggressive or victimized. The purpose of this systematic review is to synthesize the literature comparing the psychosocial adjustment of aggressor/victim subgroups (i.e.

Attachment to Pets Moderates Transitions in Latent Patterns of Mental Health Following the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of a Survey of U.S. Adults.

This cross-sectional study examined whether, and to what extent, attachment to pets was associated with changes in latent patterns of adults' perceived mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic ( = 1942). We used latent transition analysis to determine the stability of subgroup membership pre- and post-COVID and the effect of attachment to pets on transition probabilities. Mental health before COVID-19 was measured retrospectively.

Wound Healing Profile After 1064- and 532-nm Picosecond Lasers With Microlens Array of In Vivo Human Skin.

Background And Objectives: The aim of this study is to histologically characterize the wound healing process of in vivo human skin treated with 1064- and 532-nm microlens array (MLA)-type picosecond lasers.

Study Design/materials And Methods: Three patients (Fitzpatrick skin types II-IV), who were undergoing future cosmetic abdominoplasties, were treated with 1064- and 532-nm MLA-type lasers under different fluence settings. Treatments were performed 2 weeks, 1 week, and immediately prior to surgery.

A community-specific framework of risk factors for youth violence: A qualitative comparison of community stakeholder perspectives in a low-income, urban community.

This study offers a qualitative comparison of risk factors for youth violence from the perspectives of community stakeholders in a low-income, urban community experiencing elevated rates of violence. One-on-one interviews were conducted with 36 community stakeholders across three key categories: 10 community residents who cared for youth living in the community, 15 program or service providers, and 11 leaders in community agencies and organizations. A grounded theory approach was used for data collection and analysis to extract themes that emerged from the question, "What are the things in the community that lead to youth violence?" While there was significant overlap in stakeholders' beliefs about precursors to youth violence, important differences also emerged.

The Moderating Effect of Comfort from Companion Animals and Social Support on the Relationship between Microaggressions and Mental Health in LGBTQ+ Emerging Adults.

LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual/gender minority identities) individuals frequently report exposure to microaggressions, which are associated with deleterious mental health outcomes. Social support from humans has been found to be an important protective factor for LGBTQ+ emerging adults. However, an underexplored area of research is the protective role of interactions with companion animals for this population.

Medical student and resident perceptions when working together in resident continuity clinics.

Background: Resident continuity clinics (RCCs), where residents see patients largely independently, is a common requirement for residency programs in the USA. Students often participate in these clinics but it is unknown how this effects resident learning or student satisfaction.

Objective: This study aims to describe effects on the learning environment when students and residents work together in an RCC.

Preparedness for Surgery: Analyzing a Quality Improvement Project in a Population of Patients Undergoing Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery.

Background: Approximately 20% of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer will be eligible for hepato-pancreatico-biliary (HPB) surgery. Studies indicate that high-quality patient education is pivotal in reducing anxiety, improving clinical and performance outcomes, and increasing patient satisfaction.

Objectives: This quality improvement project sought to determine the perceived level of preparedness for patients undergoing HPB surgery and to identify information and knowledge gaps in preoperative education.

Patterns of Parental Messages Supporting Fighting and Nonviolence Among Urban Middle School Students.

The purpose of this study was to identify subgroups of adolescents with distinct perceptions of parental messages supporting fighting and nonviolence. Latent class analysis identified four subgroups among 2,619 urban middle school students (90% African American; 52% female): messages supporting fighting (32%), messages supporting nonviolence (29%), mixed messages (23%), and no messages (16%). We found significant differences across subgroups in their frequency of physical aggression and peer victimization and beliefs about the use of aggressive and nonviolent responses to peer provocation.

Treatment of atrophic acne scars with combination therapy of chemical reconstruction of skin scars method and fractionated nonablative laser: A retrospective analysis.

Background: Patients with acne scarring often have several types of acne scars, and combination therapies have demonstrated superior success to single treatment modalities. Chemical reconstruction of skin scars (CROSS) has gained popularity as the treatment for ice-pick scars and fractionated laser therapy for rolling and boxcar scars. However, no study has looked at combination therapy with CROSS and fractionated nonablative laser for the treatment of atrophic acne scars.

Exposure to intimate partner violence and internalizing symptoms: The moderating effects of positive relationships with pets and animal cruelty exposure.

Background: It is estimated that more than half of children living in households where intimate partner violence (IPV) occurs are also exposed to animal cruelty (AC). Although prior research links bonds with pets with higher levels of socioemotional competence among school-age children, exposure to AC may negate the protective effects of pet ownership and/or exacerbate the potentially deleterious effect of IPV on children's mental health.

Objective: The current study evaluates whether and to what extent the associations between exposure to IPV and several indicators of children's mental health vary as a function of children's positive engagement with pets and exposure to AC.

Social and Emotional Adjustment Across Aggressor/Victim Subgroups: Are Aggressive-Victims Distinct?

Despite prior studies supporting the existence of "aggressive-victims", it remains unclear if they possess unique risk factors from adolescents who are mostly aggressive or victimized. The present study sought to determine whether aggressive-victims differ from adolescents with distinct patterns of involvement in aggression and victimization in their social and emotional adjustment. Secondary analyses were conducted on baseline data from 984 seventh grade students (54% female) from three schools.

The Infant Toddler Activity Card Sort: A Caregiver Report Measure of Children's Occupational Engagement in Family Activities and Routines.

Early intervention (EI) therapy services aim to address family-centered goals to facilitate young children's development and participation in meaningful life activities. Current methods to evaluate children in EI assess discrete developmental skills but provide little information on the child's ability to successfully incorporate that skill in everyday life. Furthermore, traditional measures have limited opportunity for parent report, despite parent engagement being a critical component for successful implementation of EI services.

Development and Usability Evaluation of a Desktop Software Application for Pain Assessment in Infants.

Background: Pain assessment is a key component of pain management and research in infants. We developed software to assist in coding of pain in infants called PAiN (Pain Assessment in Neonates).

Aims: The aims of this study were to evaluate the usability of PAiN in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction among novice and expert users and to compare the efficiency and satisfaction of PAiN to existing software for coding of infant pain among expert users.