Publications by authors named "Kelly J Thomas Craig"

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigated long COVID symptom patterns among COVID-19 patients, identifying clusters based on how many symptoms co-occurred and examining their effects on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and work productivity.
  • It involved 328 participants divided into three groups: low (less than 2 symptoms), moderate (2-6 symptoms), and high (more than 6 symptoms) symptom burden, with higher symptom counts linked to poorer HRQoL and work productivity.
  • Vaccinated individuals with the BNT162b2 vaccine reported fewer symptoms over time compared to those unvaccinated, suggesting that vaccination may help reduce the burden of long COVID symptoms.
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As the population of older adults grows at an unprecedented rate, there is a large gap to provide culturally tailored end-of-life care. This study describes a payor-led, informatics-based approach to identify Medicare members who may benefit from a Compassionate Care Program (CCP), which was designed to provide specialized care management services and support to members who have end-stage and/or life-limiting illnesses by addressing the quintuple aim. Potential participants are identified through machine learning models whereby nurse care managers then provide tailored outreach via telephone.

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Artificial intelligence-based algorithms are being widely implemented in health care, even as evidence is emerging of bias in their design, problems with implementation, and potential harm to patients. To achieve the promise of using of AI-based tools to improve health, healthcare organizations will need to be AI-capable, with internal and external systems functioning in tandem to ensure the safe, ethical, and effective use of AI-based tools. Ideas are starting to emerge about the organizational routines, competencies, resources, and infrastructures that will be required for safe and effective deployment of AI in health care, but there has been little empirical research.

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Background: The use of artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools in the care of individual patients and patient populations is rapidly expanding.

Objective: The aim of this paper is to systematically identify research on provider competencies needed for the use of AI in clinical settings.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted to identify articles published between January 1, 2009, and May 1, 2020, from MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library databases, using search queries for terms related to health care professionals (eg, medical, nursing, and pharmacy) and their professional development in all phases of clinical education, AI-based tools in all settings of clinical practice, and professional education domains of competencies and performance.

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Objective: Identify how novel datasets and digital health technology, including both analytics-based and artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools, can be used to assess non-clinical, social determinants of health (SDoH) for population health improvement.

Methods: A state-of-the-art literature review with systematic methods was performed on MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases and the grey literature to identify recently published articles (2013-2018) for evidence-based qualitative synthesis. Following single review of titles and abstracts, two independent reviewers assessed eligibility of full-texts using predefined criteria and extracted data into predefined templates.

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Background: Disease prevention is a central aspect of primary care practice and is comprised of primary (eg, vaccinations), secondary (eg, screenings), tertiary (eg, chronic condition monitoring), and quaternary (eg, prevention of overmedicalization) levels. Despite rapid digital transformation of primary care practices, digital health interventions (DHIs) in preventive care have yet to be systematically evaluated.

Objective: This review aimed to identify and describe the scope and use of current DHIs for preventive care in primary care settings.

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Background: Contact tracing in association with quarantine and isolation is an important public health tool to control outbreaks of infectious diseases. This strategy has been widely implemented during the current COVID-19 pandemic. The effectiveness of this nonpharmaceutical intervention is largely dependent on social interactions within the population and its combination with other interventions.

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Objectives: Non-pharmaceutical interventions (e.g. quarantine and isolation) are used to mitigate and control viral infectious disease, but their effectiveness has not been well studied.

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Objective: To conduct a systematic review identifying workplace interventions that mitigate physician burnout related to the digital environment including health information technologies (eg, electronic health records) and decision support systems) with or without the application of advanced analytics for clinical care.

Materials And Methods: Literature published from January 1, 2007 to June 3, 2020 was systematically reviewed from multiple databases and hand searches. Subgroup analysis identified relevant physician burnout studies with interventions examining digital tool burden, related workflow inefficiencies, and measures of burnout, stress, or job satisfaction in all practice settings.

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Disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated health and healthcare delivery outcomes have been partially attributed to differential risk factors, and to prevention and treatment inequities within racial and ethnic (including language) minority groups and low socioeconomic status (SES) populations in urban and rural settings. Digital health interventions (DHIs) show promise in promoting equitable access to high-quality care, optimal utilization, and improved outcomes; however, their potential role and impact has not been fully explored. The role of DHIs to mitigate drivers of the health disparities listed above in populations disproportionately affected by atherosclerotic-related CVD was systematically reviewed using published literature (January 2008-July 2020) from multiple databases.

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Health risk behaviors are leading contributors to morbidity, premature mortality associated with chronic diseases, and escalating health costs. However, traditional interventions to change health behaviors often have modest effects, and limited applicability and scale. To better support health improvement goals across the care continuum, new approaches incorporating various smart technologies are being utilized to create more individualized digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs).

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Background: Hospital performance quality assessments inform patients, providers, payers, and purchasers in making healthcare decisions. These assessments have been developed by government, private and non-profit organizations, and academic institutions. Given the number and variability in available assessments, a knowledge gap exists regarding what assessments are available and how each assessment measures quality to identify top performing hospitals.

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To assess the impact of organization-directed workplace interventions on physician burnout, including stress or job satisfaction in all settings, we conducted a systematic review of the literature published from January 1, 2007, to October 3, 2018, from multiple databases. Manual searches of grey literature and bibliographies were also performed. Of the 633 identified citations, 50 met inclusion criteria.

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Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated gastrointestinal (GI) disorder driven by innate and adaptive immune responses to gluten. Presentation of CD has changed over time, with non-GI symptoms, such as anemia and osteoporosis, presenting more commonly. With improved screening and diagnostic methods, the reported prevalence of CD has increased globally, and there is considerable global variation in diagnostic and treatment practices.

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Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated gastrointestinal disorder driven by innate and adaptive immune responses to gluten. Patients with CD are at an increased risk of several neurological manifestations, frequently peripheral neuropathy and gluten ataxia. A systematic literature review of the most commonly reported neurological manifestations (neuropathy and ataxia) associated with CD was performed.

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