FoxP3+, and not CD25+, T cells increase post-transplant in islet allotransplant recipients following anti-CD25+ rATG immunotherapy.

Anti-CD25 antibodies are used as an induction therapy in islet allotransplantation for type 1 diabetes. Although previous reports suggested that anti-CD25 treatment may lead to depletion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and questioned its use in tolerance-promoting protocols for transplantation, the effect of anti-CD25 antibodies on the frequency and function of Tregs remains unclear. We examined the effect of anti-CD25 antibody, daclizumab, in vivo on Tregs in islet allograft recipients enrolled in a single-center study and monitored post-transplant.

Relative reductions in soluble CD30 levels post-transplant predict acute graft function in islet allograft recipients receiving three different immunosuppression protocols.

Despite advances in islet transplantation, challenges remain in monitoring for anti-islet immune responses. Soluble CD30 (sCD30) has been investigated as a predictor of acute rejection in kidney, lung, and heart transplantation as well as in a single study in human islet cell recipients. In this study, sCD30 levels were retrospectively assessed in 19 allograft recipients treated with three different immunosuppression induction therapies.