The Role of Tofacitinib in the Treatment of Acute Severe Colitis in Children.

Objectives: Acute severe colitis (ASC) occurs in up to 15 percent of children with ulcerative colitis, with a high index of morbidity and mortality. Treatment includes high-dose steroids, infliximab, and salvage therapies. Unfortunately, up to 20 percent of patients may need an urgent colectomy due to treatment failure.

Effects of polyphenol supplementation on hepatic steatosis, intima-media thickness and non-invasive vascular elastography in obese adolescents: a pilot study protocol.

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly prevalent in obese adolescents. Increased systemic inflammation and decreased gut microbial diversity linked to obesity affect the liver and are also associated with cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. However, NAFLD and vascular alterations are reversible.

Risk Factors of Clinical Relapses in Pediatric Luminal Crohn's Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: There is currently little knowledge on factors associated with the relapse of Crohn's disease (CD) in children. The aims of this study were to describe the risk factors associated with relapse in pediatric CD and the changes in the relapse rate over the past decade.

Methods: Patients younger than 18 years and diagnosed between 2009 and 2019 were included in this retrospective cohort study.

Factors associated with time to clinical remission in pediatric luminal Crohn's disease: A retrospective cohort study.

Background And Aim: Data on factors influencing time to remission in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) are very limited in the literature. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to describe the trends of time to clinical remission over the past decade and to identify factors associated with time to clinical remission in children with luminal CD.

Methods: Patients under 18 years old diagnosed between 2009 and 2019 were included.

Bovine Lactoferrin Supplementation Does Not Disrupt Microbiota Development in Preterm Infants Receiving Probiotics.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess whether bovine lactoferrin (bLf) supplementation disrupts intestinal microbiota development in preterm infants less than 31 weeks gestational age receiving prophylactic probiotic administration.

Methods: Subjects were recruited from the LACUNA trial (ISRCTN66482337), designed to assess bLf safety. These subjects were randomized to daily receive either probiotic supplements or probiotics supplemented with 100 mg bLf mixed with their feeds (human milk or formula).

The impact of probiotics and lactoferrin supplementation on piglet gastrointestinal microbial communities.

Probiotics and lactoferrin are currently being used in neonatal intensive care units in the hopes of reducing rates of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). While studies have shown that these measures can be clinically beneficial to premature babies, and there are ongoing trials to measure their impact on NEC and sepsis rates, little is known about how they may impact microbiota development. We thus employed a newborn piglet model to assess the impact of feeding probiotics or a combination of probiotics and lactoferrin on development of the gastrointestinal microbiota.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity and metabolic complications in obese children: impact of omega-3 fatty acids.

Although n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) revealed promising therapeutic results in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is considered as the most prevalent cause of chronic hepatic disease, inconsistencies are calling for further confirmatory trials to demonstrate therapeutic efficacy and safety. The study, registered as NCT02201160 on www.clinicaltrials.