Early-Stage IM Treatment with the Host-Derived Immunostimulant CPDI-02 Increases Curative Protection of Healthy Outbred Mice Against Subcutaneous Infection with Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant USA300.

: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant (CA-MRSA) greatly complicates the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI). It was previously found that subcutaneous (SQ) treatment with the mononuclear phagocyte (MP)-selective activator complements peptide-derived immunostimulant-02 (CPDI-02; formerly EP67) and increases prophylaxis of outbred CD-1 mice against SQ infection with CA-MRSA. Here, we determined if treatment with CPDI-02 also increases curative protection.

Effects of Core Antigen Bacterin with an Immunostimulant on Piglet Health and Performance Outcomes When Challenged with Enteric and Respiratory Pathogens.

A total of 90 pigs, approximately one day of age, were used in a 42-day study to evaluate whether Endovac-Porci, a core antigen vaccine with an immunostimulant, provides piglets with broad-spectrum protection against the enteric and respiratory effects of Gram-negative bacteria. This study was a single-site, randomized, prospective, blinded, comparative placebo-controlled design. Individual pigs were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 treatments in a randomized design.

Efficacy of Two Probiotic Products Fed Daily to Reduce -Based Adverse Health and Performance Effects in Dairy Calves.

is a spore-forming, anaerobic bacterium which produces toxins and exoenzymes that cause disease in calves, especially necro-hemorrhagic enteritis-associated diarrhea often resulting in death. infections are currently being treated with antibiotics, but even with the prudent administration of antibiotics, there are significant rates of recurrence. Probiotics, an alternative to antibiotics, are commonly employed to prevent clostridial infections.

Comparison of lidocaine alone or in combination with a local nerve block of ethanol, bupivacaine liposome suspension, or oral meloxicam to extend analgesia after scoop dehorning in Holstein calves.

The American Veterinary Medical Association recommends the use of practices that reduce or eliminate pain and discomfort associated with dehorning. Identification of an effective, long-acting local anesthetic that is practical for producers to implement and reduces pain from dehorning would benefit animal welfare. Thirty-two Holstein bulls and heifers were enrolled.

Efficacy of and -Based Feed Additives in Reducing -Associated Health and Performance Effects in Commercial Beef Calves.

Salmonella enterica, which causes typhoid fever, is one of the most prevalent food-borne pathogens. Salmonellosis in cattle can greatly impact a producer’s income due to treatment costs, decreased productivity of the herd, and mortality due to disease. Current methods of treatment and prevention for salmonellosis consist of antibiotics and vaccinations, but neither of these options are perfect.

Synovex ONE Grower improves growth performance for at least 200 days in growing beef steers and heifers fed in confinement for slaughter.

Growth-promoting implants are broadly used in the feedlot industry to improve growth performance and to increase production efficiencies. With cattle being fed longer and to heavier weights, there is demand for extended-release implants that payout for at least 200 d. Our objective was to evaluate feedlot growth of Synovex ONE Grower, a moderate potency (150 mg trenbolone acetate [TBA] and 21 mg estradiol benzoate [EB]), extended-release, growth-promoting implant for 200 d.

Behavioral and performance response associated with administration of intravenous flunixin meglumine or oral meloxicam immediately prior to surgical castration in bull calves.

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of flunixin meglumine or meloxicam on behavioral response and performance characteristics associated with surgical castration in crossbred bulls. Intact male Bos taurus calves (n = 252; averaging 176 kg) were randomly allocated into one of three treatment groups within pen: control (CON), flunixin meglumine (FLU; 2.2 mg/kg intravenous injection), or meloxicam (MEL; 2.

Assessment of bovine respiratory disease progression in calves challenged with bovine herpesvirus 1 and using point-of-care and laboratory-based blood leukocyte differential assays.

Blood leukocyte differentials can be useful for understanding changes associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) progression. By improving turnaround time, point-of-care leukocyte differential assays (PCLD) may provide logistical advantages to laboratory-based assays. Our objective was to assess BRD progression in steers challenged with bovine herpesvirus 1 and using point-of-care and laboratory-based blood leukocyte differentials.

Evaluation of Antimicrobial or Non-antimicrobial Treatments in Commercial Feedlot Cattle With Mild Bovine Respiratory Disease Based on a Refined Case-Definition.

The study objective was to compare clinical and performance outcomes among feedlot steers treated for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) with tildipirosin (TIL), flunixin transdermal solution (FTS; topical application), or both, based on a refined BRD case-definition. Crossbred steer calves ( = 2,380) were enrolled based on a clinical illness score (CIS) of 1-3; a rectal temperature between >102.5° F and ≤103.

Performance of multiple diagnostic methods in assessing the progression of bovine respiratory disease in calves challenged with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and Mannheimia haemolytica1.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of chute-side diagnostic methods for detecting physiological and pathological changes as indicators of early bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in calves experimentally inoculated with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBR) and Mannheimia haemolytica (Mh). A challenge study was performed over 14 d in 30 Holstein steers [average weight (±SEM) = 211 kilograms (kg) ± 2.4 kg] inoculated on day 0 with IBR and on day 6 with Mh.

Use of a siderophore receptor and porin proteins-based vaccine to control the burden of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feedlot cattle.

Objective: To quantify the efficacy of a siderophore receptor and porin (SRP) proteins-based vaccine on the burden of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feedlot cattle.

Methods: Two research trials were conducted in field conditions. In each trial, cattle (n = 1252 in trial #1; n = 1284 in trial #2) were systematically divided into 20 pens and were administered either the E.

Liver abscesses in feedlot cattle.

Liver abscesses in feedlot cattle result from aggressive grain-feeding programs and are influenced by a number of dietary and management factors. They have a major economic impact on the feedlot industry because of liver condemnation and reduced animal performance and carcass yield. Ruminal lesions resulting from acidosis usually are accepted as the predisposing factors.

Acidosis in feedlot cattle.

Mortality from digestive diseases in feedlot cattle is second only to that from respiratory diseases. Acidosis is a major digestive disorder and is likely to continue because of ongoing attempts to improve the efficiency of beef production by feeding more grain and less roughage. Subacute acidosis is the most prevalent form of acidosis in feedlots but is difficult to diagnose because of the absence of overt clinical signs.

Evaluation of culture methods to identify bovine feces with high concentrations of Escherichia coli O157.

Our objective was to evaluate methods for identifying cattle with high concentrations of Escherichia coli O157 in their feces. In two experiments, feces were collected from cattle orally inoculated with nalidixic acid (Nal)-resistant E. coli O157, and direct plating of diluted feces on sorbitol MacConkey agar with cefixime and potassium tellurite (CT-SMAC) containing Nal was considered the gold standard (GS) method.

Comparative efficacy of tulathromycin, tilmicosin, and florfenicol in the treatment of bovine respiratory disease in stocker cattle.

The therapeutic efficacy and field safety of tulathromycin were evaluated in stocker calves with undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in three field studies conducted over two consecutive grazing seasons in Nebraska. Eight hundred calves exhibiting clinical signs of BRD and with rectal temperatures of 104 degrees F or higher were treated with tulathromycin (n = 340), florfenicol (n = 240), or tilmicosin (n = 220) and evaluated for approximately 60 days. Florfenicol and tilmicosin were administered as single SC injections according to labeled dosage.

Heart xenograft survival with chimeric pig donors and modest immune suppression.

Objective: To assess the use of donor pigs with cellular chimerism for prevention of acute rejection with modest immune suppression. The clinical use of pig organ xenografts is currently precluded by severe acute rejection, which resists standard immune suppression.

Summary Background Data: For long-term survival of pig organ xenografts, immune suppression significantly greater than used with allografts would currently be necessary, leaving the recipient immune deficient and at increased risk for infections.