Effect of Pyruvate Decarboxylase Knockout on Product Distribution Using Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) Engineered for Lactic Acid Production.

Lactic acid is the monomer unit of the bioplastic poly-lactic acid (PLA). One candidate organism for lactic acid production is , a yeast widely used for heterologous protein production. Nevertheless, this yeast has a poor fermentative capability that can be modulated by controlling oxygen levels.

Novel homologous lactate transporter improves L-lactic acid production from glycerol in recombinant strains of Pichia pastoris.

Background: Crude glycerol is the main byproduct of the biodiesel industry. Although it can have different applications, its purification is costly. Therefore, in this study a biotechnological route has been proposed for further utilization of crude glycerol in the fermentative production of lactic acid.

Production of a polar fish antimicrobial peptide in Escherichia coli using an ELP-intein tag.

An important aspect related to infectious pathogens is their exceptional adaptability in developing resistance, which leads to a perpetual challenge in the discovery of antimicrobial drugs with novel mechanisms of action. Among them, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) stand out as promising anti-infective molecules. In order to overcome the high costs associated with isolation from natural sources or chemical synthesis of AMPs we propose the expression of Pa-MAP 2, a polyalanine AMP.

Lovastatin production: From molecular basis to industrial process optimization.

Lovastatin, composed of secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi, is the most frequently used drug for hypercholesterolemia treatment due to the fact that lovastatin is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. Moreover, recent studies have shown several important applications for lovastatin including antimicrobial agents and treatments for cancers and bone diseases. Studies regarding the lovastatin biosynthetic pathway have also demonstrated that lovastatin is synthesized from two-chain reactions using acetate and malonyl-CoA as a substrate.

Construction and analysis of a modified transposable element carrying an outward directed inducible promoter for Bacillus subtilis.

Transposons are important tools to inactivate chromosomal genes followed by a correlation with a particular phenotype or genotype. Here we demonstrated the development of a special type of genetically engineered transposon carrying an outward-directed inducible promoter in order to allow transcription of nearby genes. We have modified the mariner transposon TnYLB able to transpose in B.

Current scenario of peptide-based drugs: the key roles of cationic antitumor and antiviral peptides.

Cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and host defense peptides (HDPs) show vast potential as peptide-based drugs. Great effort has been made in order to exploit their mechanisms of action, aiming to identify their targets as well as to enhance their activity and bioavailability. In this review, we will focus on both naturally occurring and designed antiviral and antitumor cationic peptides, including those here called promiscuous, in which multiple targets are associated with a single peptide structure.

Critical aspects to be considered prior to large-scale production of peptides.

Numerous peptides are available on the market as therapeutic drugs for regulating tumor growth, microorganism proliferation, immune response and/or metabolic disorders. Peptides are produced either by chemical synthesis or heterologous expression. Independent of the method chosen, there are challenges to transferring its production from the bench (~mg/L) to the industrial (~g/L) scale.

Construction of an artificial secYEG operon allowing high level secretion of α-amylase.

The key components of the major secretion pathway in bacteria, the Sec pathway, are the proteins SecA, an ATPase that generates the energy required for protein translocation, and the heterotrimeric protein complex SecYEG, which functions as the preprotein-conducting channel through the cytoplasmic membrane, named translocon. Overexpression of exoproteins can cause jamming of the membrane, e.g.

Exploring the pharmacological potential of promiscuous host-defense peptides: from natural screenings to biotechnological applications.

In the last few years, the number of bacteria with enhanced resistance to conventional antibiotics has dramatically increased. Most of such bacteria belong to regular microbial flora, becoming a real challenge, especially for immune-depressed patients. Since the treatment is sometimes extremely expensive, and in some circumstances completely inefficient for the most severe cases, researchers are still determined to discover novel compounds.