A review of vaping's health effects, treatment, and policy implications: Nursing's call to action.

The emergence and subsequent surge in popularity of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), especially among adolescents and young adults, have reshaped the landscape of tobacco consumption, including use patterns and beliefs as well as therapeutic approaches to the condition. The health implications of ENDS are a cause for concern among NPs, as they include severe nicotine dependence, mental health consequences, and adverse effects on respiratory and cardiac systems, among other issues. This article focuses on the health implications of vaping across the lifespan and emphasizes the need for NPs to evaluate ENDS use consistently across age groups and offer age-appropriate treatment within the clinical setting.

Nursing leadership in tobacco dependence treatment to advance health equity: An American Academy of Nursing policy manuscript.

Background: Tobacco use remains the leading cause of preventable disease, disability, and death in the United States and is a significant cause of health disparities.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to update the Tobacco Control policy paper published over a decade ago by the American Academy of Nursing's Health Behavior Expert Panel Tobacco Control subcommittee.

Methods: Members reviewed and synthesized published literature from 2012 to 2024 to identify the current state of the science related to nurse-led tobacco dependence treatment and implications for nursing practice, education, and research.

Development of a Flavor Ingredient Wheel Linking E-Liquid Additives to the Labeled Flavor of Vaping Products.

E-liquids contain combinations of chemicals, with many enhancing the sensory attractiveness of the product. Studies are needed to understand and characterize e-liquid ingredients, particularly flavorings, to inform future research and regulations of these products. We identified common flavor ingredients in a convenience sample of commercial e-liquids using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Compliance with North Dakota's smoke-free law among vape and tobacco specialty shops.

Objective: To determine compliance with North Dakota's smoke-free law in vape shops and other tobacco specialty shops selling electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) or e-liquids.

Design: In this 2019 descriptive study, shops (n = 35) were assessed for compliance with the smoke-free law by observation of indoor and outdoor areas for smoking or vaping, or evidence of such activity in prohibited areas, and the presence of required no-smoking signs.

Results: Only two shops (5.

Electronic Cigarette Refill Liquids: Nicotine Content, Presence of Child-Resistant Packaging, and in-Shop Compounding.

Purpose: To expand on our 2015 study of the nicotine content accuracy of e-liquids, including salts, and the presence of child-resistant packaging. We also describe compounding in shop (CIS).

Design And Methods: We analyzed samples from 35 shops.

A systematic review of refillable e-liquid nicotine content accuracy.

Objectives: The use of e-cigarettes is becoming more common in the United States. E-cigarettes are often refilled with nicotine-containing solutions of various concentrations purchased in local shops or on the Internet. There is evidence that the nicotine content in these solutions is often mislabeled; thus, we reviewed the available literature on this topic.

Disparities in Rural Tobacco Use, Smoke-Free Policies, and Tobacco Taxes.

Tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) remain leading causes of preventable disease, disability, and mortality in the United States. Rural populations are among those being left behind in the recent declining smoking rates and have become a focus of discussions on tobacco-related disparities. This article describes tobacco-related disparities in rural populations including tobacco use, exposure to SHS, smoke-free policies, and tobacco taxes.

Systems change to improve tobacco use identification and referral in the chiropractic setting: a pilot study.

Background: Tobacco use remains a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. Health professionals need to address the use of tobacco products by their patients, but chiropractic clinical systems often remain unsupported and underappreciated in their role to facilitate tobacco use cessation.

Methods: This pilot study tested an intervention to assist a chiropractic community to implement sustainable health systems changes for tobacco use based on U.

Place and Policy: Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Bars and Restaurants.

Background: Rural populations have been identified as having tobacco use disparities, with contributing factors including less demand for policy change than in urban areas, resulting in higher age-adjusted death rates related to tobacco use. In 2012, the rural state of North Dakota enacted a statewide comprehensive law requiring all bars and restaurants to be smoke-free.

Objectives: The purpose of this longitudinal study, performed in three phases, was to assess the continued effects of a statewide comprehensive smoke-free law in a primarily rural state, using a stratified random sample.

Tobacco Smoke Pollution in Hospitality Venues Before and After Passage of Statewide Smoke-Free Legislation.

Objective: In 2012, North Dakota enacted a comprehensive statewide law prohibiting smoking in enclosed public places. Disparities in tobacco control exist in rural areas. This study's objective was to determine the extent to which the passage of a comprehensive, statewide, smoke-free law in a predominantly rural state influenced tobacco smoke pollution in rural and nonrural venues.

An observational study of compliance with North Dakota's smoke-free law among retail stores that sell electronic smoking devices.

Objective: To determine whether retail stores selling electronic smoking devices or liquid nicotine were compliant with North Dakota's smoke-free law.

Methods: During June 2015, retail stores selling electronic smoking devices or liquid nicotine (n=16), but not legally required to be licensed to sell tobacco products, were assessed for compliance with North Dakota's smoke-free law by observing for smoking or e-smoking, or evidence of such, in prohibited areas and for the presence of required no-smoking signs.

Results: Use of e-cigarettes, or evidence of use, was observed inside 8 (50%) stores required to be smoke-free.

Electronic Cigarette Refill Liquids: Child-Resistant Packaging, Nicotine Content, and Sales to Minors.

Unlabelled: To determine the accuracy of the labeled quantity of the nicotine content of the e-liquids sold in unlicensed vape stores, whether the packaging of e-liquids sold within the vape stores was child-resistant, whether minors were present within vape stores, and whether sales to minors occurred. This study was conducted across North Dakota prior to implementation of a new e-cigarette state law and provided a baseline assessment before enactment of the new legal requirements.

Design And Methods: We tested samples of e-liquids and performed observations in 16 stores that were selling e-cigarettes but were not legally required to be licensed for tobacco retail.

Tobacco smoke exposure and impact of smoking legislation on rural and non-rural hospitality venues in North Dakota.

The purpose of this cross-sectional study in a stratified random sample of 135 bars and restaurants in North Dakota was to describe factors that influenced tobacco smoke pollution levels in the venues; to compare the quantity of tobacco smoke pollution by rurality and by presence of local ordinances; and to assess compliance with state and local laws. In data collection in 2012, we measured the indoor air quality indicator of particulate matter (2.5 microns aerodynamic diameter or smaller), calculated average smoking density and occupant density, and determined compliance with state and local smoking ordinances using observational methods.

Social justice: a concept analysis.

Aim: This article is a report of an analysis of the concept of social justice.

Background: Nursing's involvement in social justice has waned in the recent past. A resurgence of interest in nurses' roles about social justice requires a clear understanding of the concept.