A novel syndrome of silent rhinovirus-associated bronchoalveolitis in children with recurrent wheeze.

Background: Rhinovirus (RV) infections trigger wheeze episodes in children. Thus, understanding of the lung inflammatory response to RV in children with wheeze is important.

Objectives: This study sought to examine the associations of RV on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) granulocyte patterns and biomarkers of inflammation with age in children with treatment-refractory, recurrent wheeze (n = 616).

Perceived Appropriateness of Assessing for Health-related Socioeconomic Risks Among Adult Patients with Cancer.

Unlabelled: Cancer treatment can trigger or exacerbate health-related socioeconomic risks (HRSR; food/housing insecurity, transportation/utilities difficulties, and interpersonal violence). The American Cancer Society and National Cancer Institute recommend HRSR screening and referral, but little research has examined the perceptions of patients with cancer on the appropriateness of HRSR screening in healthcare settings. We examined whether HRSR status, desire for assistance with HRSRs, and sociodemographic and health care-related factors were associated with perceived appropriateness of HRSR screening in health care settings and comfort with HRSR documentation in electronic health records (EHR).

Risk Factors Associated with Unexpected Refractive Outcomes in Uveitic Cataract Surgery.

Objective: Assess refractive outcomes following uveitic cataract surgery and identify factors associated with deviations from the target refractive goal.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective chart review was performed for 216 subjects with uveitis undergoing cataract surgery. Prediction error was calculated and tested for association with demographic and clinical characteristics using single variable and multiple regression analysis.

Caregiving in a Pandemic: Health-Related Socioeconomic Vulnerabilities Among Women Caregivers Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: Family and friends who provide regular care for a sick or dependent individual ("caregivers") are at increased risk of health-related socioeconomic vulnerabilities (HRSVs). This study examined pre-pandemic prevalence of and early pandemic changes in HRSVs among women caregivers compared with non-caregivers.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2020 (early pandemic) with 3,200 English-speaking US women aged 18 years or older, 30% of whom identified as caregivers.

Redefining the Spectrum of Pentosan Polysulfate Retinopathy: Multimodal Imaging Findings from a Cross-Sectional Screening Study.

Purpose: There is growing evidence of a direct association between pentosan polysulfate (PPS) therapy and the development of macular changes. Using standardized visual acuity (VA) testing and multimodal imaging, we investigated the impact of PPS therapy on vision and described an expanded spectrum of imaging findings among PPS users.

Design: Cross-sectional screening study.

Thrombocytopenia and clear corneal incision cataract surgery.

Purpose: To investigate complications and outcomes of clear corneal incision cataract surgery in patients with thrombocytopenia.

Setting: 1 veterans hospital and 2 academic medical centers.

Design: Multicenter retrospective chart review.

Change in Health-Related Socioeconomic Risk Factors and Mental Health During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A National Survey of U.S. Women.

During a pandemic, women may be especially vulnerable to secondary health problems driven by its social and economic effects. We examined the relationship between changes in health-related socioeconomic risks (HRSRs) and mental health. A cross-sectional survey of 3,200 women aged 18-90 years was conducted in April 2020 using a quota-based sample from a national panel (88% cooperation rate).

Implementation of Community-Based Resource Referrals for Cardiovascular Disease Self-Management.

Purpose: Describe primary care practices' implementation of CommunityRx-H3, a community resource referral intervention that utilized practice facilitators to support cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention quality improvement.

Methods: Qualitative focus groups were conducted with practice facilitators to elicit perceptions of practices' experiences with CommunityRx-H3, practice-level factors affecting, and practice facilitator strategies to promote implementation. Qualitative data were analyzed using directed content analysis.

School-Based Health Education Research: Charting the Course for the Future.

SHAPE America has identified four goals as part of the initiative; one of these goals is healthy behavior. School-based health education is uniquely positioned to be a primary route through which this goal can be achieved. Health education is an academic subject included in a well-rounded education, based on health behavior and learning theory, research-based and taught by licensed and trained health educators with adequate instructional time.

Implementation of Systematic Community Resource Referrals at Small Primary Care Practices to Promote Cardiovascular Disease Self-Management.

Quality improvement (QI) models and evidence-based self-management guidelines for reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk require patients to access community resources. The purpose of this study is to describe outcomes from implementation of a community resource referral system into small clinical practices to reduce CVD risk. Practices were given the opportunity to complete an inventory of local CVD-related resources; these data were used to create a printed list of resources for patients ("HealtheRx-H3").

Impact of a Low-Intensity Resource Referral Intervention on Patients' Knowledge, Beliefs, and Use of Community Resources: Results from the CommunityRx Trial.

Background: Connecting patients to community-based resources is now a cornerstone of modern healthcare that supports self-management of health. The mechanisms that link resource information to behavior change, however, remain poorly understood.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of CommunityRx, an automated, low-intensity resource referral intervention, on patients' knowledge, beliefs, and use of community resources.

CommunityRx: A Real-World Controlled Clinical Trial of a Scalable, Low-Intensity Community Resource Referral Intervention.

Objectives: To test the effect of CommunityRx, a scalable, low-intensity intervention that matches patients to community resources, on mental health-related quality of life (HRQOL) (primary outcome), physical HRQOL, and confidence in finding resources.

Methods: A real-world trial assigned publicly insured residents of Chicago, Illinois, aged 45 to 74 years to an intervention (n = 209) or control (n = 202) group by alternating calendar week, December 2015 to August 2016. Intervention group participants received usual care and an electronic medical record-generated, personalized list of community resources.

Examination of the Course of Low Back Pain Intensity Based on Baseline Predictors and Health Care Utilization Among Patients Treated in Multidisciplinary Pain Clinics: A Quebec Pain Registry Study.

Objectives: The study objectives were to identify baseline predictors of low back pain severity changes over a one-year period among patients attending multidisciplinary tertiary clinics and determine whether health care utilization impacts this outcome.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using the Quebec Pain Registry (QPR). A total of 686 low back pain (LBP) patients (55.

Police-Recorded Crime and Disparities in Obesity and Blood Pressure Status in Chicago.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine associations between several types of police-recorded crime (violent, nonviolent, and homicide) and cardiometabolic health (obesity and elevated blood pressure [BP]), and to determine if associations were modified by age and sex.

Methods And Results: We analyzed cross-sectional data (N=14 799 patients) from 3 primary care clinics at an academic medical center in Chicago, IL. Patient-level health data were obtained from the electronic health record (June 1, 2014-May 31, 2015), including body mass index and BP, and linked to the City of Chicago Police Data Portal.

Neighborhood crime and access to health-enabling resources in Chicago.

Neighborhood crime may be an important social determinant of health in many high-poverty, urban communities, yet little is known about its relationship with access to health-enabling resources. We recruited an address-based probability sample of 267 participants (ages ≥35 years) on Chicago's South Side between 2012 and 2013. Participants were queried about their perceptions of neighborhood safety and prior experiences of neighborhood crime.

Heat Shock-Related Protein 20 Peptide Decreases Human Airway Constriction Downstream of β2-Adrenergic Receptor.

Severe bronchospasm refractory to β-agonists is a challenging aspect of asthma therapy, and novel therapeutics are needed. β-agonist-induced airway smooth muscle (ASM) relaxation is associated with increases in the phosphorylation of the small heat shock-related protein (HSP) 20. We hypothesized that a transducible phosphopeptide mimetic of HSP20 (P20 peptide) causes relaxation of human ASM (HASM) by interacting with target(s) downstream of the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) pathway.

Balancing Hope and Realism in Family-Centered Care: Physical Therapists' Dilemmas in Negotiating Walking Goals with Parents of Children with Cerebral Palsy.

ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to explore physical therapists' beliefs about the value of walking for children with cerebral palsy (CP), how these beliefs inform therapy choices, and to describe how physical therapists engage families in decision-making regarding walking goals. Eight physical therapists who had experience working with children with CP each participated in a qualitative, one-to-one interview exploring their walking-related values, beliefs, and decision-making practices. The physical therapists' accounts demonstrated that they balanced their beliefs and professional expertise with families' goals in order to preserve families' hopes and maintain rapport, while also ensuring evidence-based and efficacious treatment plans were implemented.

Identification of immunogenic and serum binding proteins of Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a commensal of human skin and a leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections. Limited information is available about S. epidermidis proteins that are expressed upon transition to the bloodstream or those involved in host-pathogen interactions.