Safety and immunopharmacology of ASP0892 in adults or adolescents with peanut allergy: two randomized trials.

Background: New treatment options with improved safety and novel mechanisms of actions are needed for patients with peanut allergy.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of ASP0892, a peanut DNA vaccine, after intradermal (id) or intramuscular (im) administration in adult or adolescent patients with peanut allergy in two phase 1 studies.

Methods: ASP0892 or placebo was administered every 2 weeks for a total of 4 doses.

Distinct trajectories distinguish antigen-specific T cells in peanut-allergic individuals undergoing oral immunotherapy.

Background: Despite similar clinical symptoms, peanut-allergic (PA) individuals may respond quite differently to the same therapeutic interventions.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether inherent qualities of cell response at baseline could influence response to peanut oral immunotherapy (PnOIT).

Methods: We first performed ex vivo T-cell profiling on peanut-reactive CD154CD137 T (pTeff) cells from 90 challenge-confirmed PA individuals.

Infectious asthma triggers: time to revise the hygiene hypothesis?

The hygiene hypothesis supports an inverse relationship between respiratory infections in early-life and atopic diseases. However, a recent study supports growing evidence that early-life infection and airway microbiome composition can significantly influence asthma inception and exacerbation later in life. This reignites discussions on infection-mediated asthma phenotypes and potential therapeutics.

Propionibacterium-produced coproporphyrin III induces Staphylococcus aureus aggregation and biofilm formation.

The majority of bacteria detected in the nostril microbiota of most healthy adults belong to three genera: Propionibacterium, Corynebacterium, and Staphylococcus. Among these staphylococci is the medically important bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Almost nothing is known about interspecies interactions among bacteria in the nostrils.

Transfer-of-learning effect with the tactual performance test using familiar and unfamiliar shapes with American, Lao, and Senegalese children.

The Tactual Performance Test (TPT) and a version of the TPT with unfamiliar geometric designs were presented to American, Lao, and Senegalese children. The nonstandard TPT was designed to evaluate the importance of familiarity of forms in improved performance between successive TPT learning trials. The nonstandard board was more difficult for all the groups, with poorer time-per-block performance across learning trials and poorer TPT memory measures.