Trends in Growth and Maturation in Children with Cystic Fibrosis Throughout Nine Decades.

Since cystic fibrosis (CF) was first described in 1938, there have been many discoveries and innovations in the field, each having a profound impact on survival, growth and quality of life. For example, the introduction of enteric-coated pancreatic enzyme microspheres increased fat absorption and improved nutritional status. Early detection of CF through newborn screening facilitated prompt nutritional intervention for infants at high risk of malnutrition.

Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes: The patient perspective.

Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) affects nearly 20% of adolescents and 40-50% of adults. However, the impact on patients and their families is poorly understood. Here, we examine how patients perceive CFRD and identify gaps in our understanding of the patient experience.

Branched-Chain Amino Acid Catabolism and Cardiopulmonary Function Following Acute Maximal Exercise Testing in Adolescents.

To provide energy for cardiopulmonary function and maintenance of blood glucose, acute aerobic exercise induces lipolysis, fatty acid oxidation (FAO), glycolysis, and glycogenolysis/gluconeogenesis. These adaptations are mediated by increases in cortisol, growth hormone (GH), and catecholamines and facilitated by a decline in insulin. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) also undergo catabolism during intense exercise.

Androgens During Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence: Physiology and Use in Clinical Practice.

We provide an in-depth review of the role of androgens in male maturation and development, from the fetal stage through adolescence into emerging adulthood, and discuss the treatment of disorders of androgen production throughout these time periods. Testosterone, the primary androgen produced by males, has both anabolic and androgenic effects. Androgen exposure induces virilization and anabolic body composition changes during fetal development, influences growth and virilization during infancy, and stimulates development of secondary sexual characteristics, growth acceleration, bone mass accrual, and alterations of body composition during puberty.

Inkjet-printed point-of-care immunoassay on a nanoscale polymer brush enables subpicomolar detection of analytes in blood.

The ELISA is the mainstay for sensitive and quantitative detection of protein analytes. Despite its utility, ELISA is time-consuming, resource-intensive, and infrastructure-dependent, limiting its availability in resource-limited regions. Here, we describe a self-contained immunoassay platform (the "D4 assay") that converts the sandwich immunoassay into a point-of-care test (POCT).