Gene expression signatures, clinicopathological features, and individualized therapy in breast cancer.

Context: Gene expression profiling may be useful for prognostic and therapeutic strategies in breast carcinoma.

Objectives: To demonstrate the value in integrating genomic information with clinical and pathological risk factors, to refine prognosis, and to improve therapeutic strategies for early stage breast cancer.

Design, Setting, And Patients: Retrospective study of patients with early stage breast carcinoma who were candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy; 964 clinically annotated breast tumor samples (573 in the initial discovery set and 391 in the validation cohort) with corresponding microarray data were used.

An integrated approach to the prediction of chemotherapeutic response in patients with breast cancer.

Background: A major challenge in oncology is the selection of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents for individual patients, while the administration of ineffective chemotherapy increases mortality and decreases quality of life in cancer patients. This emphasizes the need to evaluate every patient's probability of responding to each chemotherapeutic agent and limiting the agents used to those most likely to be effective.

Methods And Results: Using gene expression data on the NCI-60 and corresponding drug sensitivity, mRNA and microRNA profiles were developed representing sensitivity to individual chemotherapeutic agents.

Pharmacogenomic strategies provide a rational approach to the treatment of cisplatin-resistant patients with advanced cancer.

Purpose: Standard treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) includes the use of a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen. However, response rates are highly variable. Newer agents, such as pemetrexed, have shown significant activity as second-line therapy and are currently being evaluated in the front-line setting.