A cluster randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of a telehealth-based train-the-trainer mealtime intervention delivered by respite care center volunteers to caregivers of persons with dementia to improve nutritional outcomes and quality of life.

Background: Persons with dementia with mild to moderate cognitive impairment are at risk for developing impairments with activities of daily living such as the ability to feed oneself, that negatively influence health. Lack of caregiver skills related to mealtime planning for persons with dementia and the ability to cope with dysfunctional behaviors are well-documented factors that influence nutritional status outcomes, lead to weight loss, poor quality of life, and impact their ability to remain at home.

Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial with a parallel mixed methods evaluation processes will be conducted to examine the efficacy of a train-the-trainer program using non-paid volunteers in respite care centers to deliver a telehealth mealtime intervention guided by the theory-based - In this six-month study, dyads of caregivers and persons with mild to moderate dementia receiving respite care services will be randomized to receive either the telehealth intervention or enhanced usual care.

Interprofessional service-learning in a community setting: findings from a pilot study.

Interprofessional education is becoming more popular in higher education and service-learning has been a successful method to facilitate experiences that foster teamwork between professions. This report shares the results from an interprofessional service-learning project (ISLP) targeting students across eight disciplines (physician assistant, medicine, pharmacy, dietetic internship, physical therapy, master in health administration, nursing and biomedical science). The project used an existing resource, the South Carolina Area Health Education Consortium (SC-AHEC), to coordinate student learning across multiple regions and an established health promotion program curriculum for student outreach content.

Anatomic and biomechanical fundamentals of the thrower shoulder.

The act of throwing requires proper functioning and timing of the entire kinetic chain musculature to generate a coordinated movement pattern for ball delivery. The role of the shoulder complex is vital in the transmission of force from the lower extremities and trunk to the arm and hand. A review of the anatomic and biomechanical factors of the shoulder girdle will be discussed as it pertains to the thrower.

Assessing appropriate parenteral nutrition ordering practices in tertiary care medical centers.

Background: Parenteral nutrition (PN) is an essential feeding route for specific patient populations. Despite its utility, PN is invasive, costly, and associated with clinical complications. In most U.

Frozen shoulder: evidence and a proposed model guiding rehabilitation.

Unlabelled: Frozen shoulder or adhesive capsulitis describes the common shoulder condition characterized by painful and limited active and passive range of motion. The etiology of frozen shoulder remains unclear; however, patients typically demonstrate a characteristic history, clinical presentation, and recovery. A classification schema is described, in which primary frozen shoulder and idiopathic adhesive capsulitis are considered identical and not associated with a systemic condition or history of injury.

Spinal accessory nerve palsy: associated signs and symptoms.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Background: Spinal accessory nerve palsy (SANP) is common following neck dissection surgery and can occur with blunt or penetrating trauma to the lateral neck region and cervical stretch injuries. Early detection of SANP remains a clinical challenge and the condition is often misdiagnosed.

Latissimus dorsi tendon transfer for irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears. Surgical technique.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of latissimus dorsi tendon transfer in patients with an irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tear to help determine which patient and anatomic factors affect clinical outcome.

Methods: Fourteen patients with a latissimus dorsi tendon transfer were clinically evaluated with use of the PENN (University of Pennsylvania) shoulder score as well as with quantitative measurement of isometric muscle strength and the range of motion of both shoulders at a minimum of twenty-four months postoperatively. The anatomic results were evaluated with postoperative magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography.

Latissimus dorsi tendon transfer for irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears. Factors affecting outcome.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of latissimus dorsi tendon transfer in patients with an irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tear to help determine which patient and anatomic factors affect clinical outcome.

Methods: Fourteen patients with a latissimus dorsi tendon transfer were clinically evaluated with use of the PENN (University of Pennsylvania) shoulder score as well as with quantitative measurement of isometric muscle strength and the range of motion of both shoulders at a minimum of twenty-four months postoperatively. The anatomic results were evaluated with postoperative magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography.

Estimation of resting energy expenditure considering effects of race and diabetes status.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of diabetes status and race, in addition to other covariables, on the estimation of resting energy expenditure (REE).

Research Design And Methods: Demographic, anthropometric, and clinical parameters were assessed in 166 adults of varying weights. Subjects were categorized by race (white versus black) and into three subgroups based on glucose tolerance (normoglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetes), termed the diabetes status index (DSI).

Treatment of type 2 diabetes in childhood using a very-low-calorie diet.

Objective: Pharmacologic agents currently approved for use in children with type 2 diabetes (metformin and insulin) are less than optimal for some patients. We evaluated the use of a ketogenic, very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: We conducted a chart review of 20 children (mean age 14.

DASH diet lowers blood pressure and lipid-induced oxidative stress in obesity.

Evidence suggests that obesity may raise blood pressure (BP) through oxidative stress-sensitive mechanisms and that the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension combination diet (DASH-CD) may decrease BP by enhancing antioxidant capacity. To address this question, 12 obese patients with high-normal-to-stage 1 hypertension (hypertensives) and 12 lean normotensives were studied on their usual diets and after following the DASH-CD and a low-antioxidant diet in random sequence for 4 weeks each. Acute oxidative stress was induced by a 4-hour infusion of intralipid and heparin.