Differential Use of Strategic Constructs of the Transtheoretical Model across Accelerometer-determined Sedentary Time.

In this study, we investigated the differences in strategic constructs of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) across accelerometer-determined sedentary time. A total of 201 college students participated in a TTM questionnaire for sedentary behavior and wore an accelerometer for 7 consecutive days to assess sedentary time. Multivariate analyses of variances (MANOVA) with pairwise comparisons were conducted to determine mean differences in the strategic constructs across quintiles of sedentary time.

Transit Use by Children and Adolescents: An Overlooked Source of and Opportunity for Physical Activity?

Background: The potential for adults to accrue significant physical activity through public transit use is a topic of interest. However, there are no data on analogous questions among children. The goal of this analysis was to quantify patterns of transit use and correlates of transit-related physical activity among children aged 5 to 17 years.

Bone mineral density across a range of physical activity volumes: NHANES 2007-2010.

Introduction: The association between aerobic physical activity volume and bone mineral density (BMD) is not completely understood. The purpose of this study was to clarify the association between BMD and aerobic activity across a broad range of activity volumes, particularly volumes between those recommended in the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans and those of trained endurance athletes.

Methods: Data from the 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to quantify the association between reported physical activity and BMD at the lumbar spine and proximal femur across the entire range of activity volumes reported by US adults.

Application of the American Heart Association/American College of Sports Medicine Adult Preparticipation Screening Checklist to a nationally representative sample of US adults aged >=40 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001 to 2004.

Background: Although the American Heart Association/American College of Sports Medicine's Preparticipation Questionnaire (AAPQ) is a recommended preexercise cardiovascular screening tool, it has never been systematically evaluated. The purpose of this research is to provide preliminary evidence of its effectiveness among adults aged ≥40 years.

Methods And Results: Under the assumption that participants would respond to AAPQ items as they responded to a general health survey, we calculated the sex- and age-specific proportions of adult participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001 to 2004 who would receive a recommendation for physician consultation based on AAPQ referral criteria.

Assessing sitting across contexts: development of the multicontext sitting time questionnaire.

Purpose: To describe the development and preliminary evaluation of the Multicontext Sitting Time Questionnaire (MSTQ).

Method: During development of the MSTQ, contexts and domains of sitting behavior were utilized as recall cues to improve the accuracy of sitting assessment. The terms "workday" and "nonworkday" were used to disambiguate occupational and discretionary sitting.

Sedentary and active: self-reported sitting time among marathon and half-marathon participants.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that combined physical activity (PA) and inactivity may be more important for chronic disease risk than PA alone. A highly active yet highly sedentary population is needed to study this interaction. The present purpose is to describe the sitting habits of a group of recreational runners and determine if sitting varies with reported training duration or anticipated running velocity.

Reported physical activity and sedentary behavior: why do you ask?

Context: Advances in device-based measures have led researchers to question the value of reported measures of physical activity or sedentary behavior. The premise of the Workshop on Measurement of Active and Sedentary Behaviors: Closing the Gaps in Self-Report Methods, held in July 2010, was that assessment of behavior by self-report is a valuable approach.

Objective: To provide suggestions to optimize the value of reported physical activity and sedentary behavior, we 1) discuss the constructs that devices and reports of behavior can measure, 2) develop a framework to help guide decision-making about the best approach to physical activity and sedentary behavior assessment in a given situation, and 3) address the potential for combining reported behavior methods with device-based monitoring to enhance both approaches.

Framework for physical activity as a complex and multidimensional behavior.

Context: The selection of the most psychometrically appropriate self-report tool(s) to measure specific physical activity constructs has been a challenge for researchers, public health practitioners, and clinicians, alike. The lack of a reasonable gold standard measure and inconsistent use of established and evolving terminology have contributed to these challenges. The variation of self-report measures and quality of the derived summary estimates could be attributed to the absence of a standardized conceptual framework for physical activity.

Association of leisure physical activity and sleep with cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the individual and combined associations of leisure-time physical activity and sleep with cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women.

Methods: We analyzed 48-month cross-sectional follow-up data from 393 participants of the Women on the Move Through Activity and Nutrition Study, a behavioral weight loss trial. Leisure-time physical activity data were collected with the past-year Modifiable Activity Questionnaire, whereas sleep data were collected with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Girls on the Run: a quasi-experimental evaluation of a developmentally focused youth sport program.

Background: Evidence supporting the effectiveness of a developmental-focused youth sport (DYS) program designed exclusively for elementary school aged girls is mounting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of on the Girls on the Run program on psychological and physical assets among 3rd- to 5th-grade girls.

Methods: A longitudinal quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate intervention effects among 877 participants categorized into 1 of 3 groups (never, newly, and previously exposed).

Girls on the Run: A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of a Developmentally Focused Youth Sport Program.

Background: Evidence supporting the effectiveness of a developmental-focused youth sport (DYS) program designed exclusively for elementary school aged girls is mounting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of on the Girls on the Run program on psychological and physical assets among 3rd- to 5th-grade girls.

Methods: A longitudinal quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate intervention effects among 877 participants categorized into 1 of 3 groups (never, newly, and previously exposed).

The impact of weight and fat mass loss and increased physical activity on physical function in overweight, postmenopausal women: results from the Women on the Move Through Activity and Nutrition study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether changes in leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and body composition reflect concomitant changes in 400-meter walk time.

Methods: Data were collected at the baseline and 48-month visits in the Women on the Move Through Activity and Nutrition study. At baseline, participants (n = 508) were randomized to the lifestyle intervention or health education group.

The Women on the Move Through Activity and Nutrition (WOMAN) study: final 48-month results.

The Women on the Move through Activity and Nutrition (WOMAN) study was designed to test whether a nonpharmacological intervention including qualitative and quantitative dietary changes to induce weight loss and increased physical activity levels would reduce blood triglyceride levels and number of low-density lipoprotein particles (LDL-P). Such decreases in lipoproteins and other risk factors could reduce or slow progression of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). Study participants were randomized to either the intervention (Lifestyle Change) or assessment (Health Education) group.

Test-retest reliability and validity of the 400-meter walk test in healthy, middle-aged women.

Background: The 400 m walk test has been used in older adults; however, the applicability in middle-aged populations is unknown.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Evaluation of Physical Activity Measures in Middle-Aged Women (PAW) Study and included 66 women (52.6 ± 5.

Physical activity and coronary artery calcification in two cohorts of women representing early and late postmenopause.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association between physical activity (PA) and coronary artery calcification (CAC) among two cohorts of postmenopausal (PM) women representing early and late postmenopause.

Methods: The cross-sectional relationship between PA and CAC was examined in 173 younger PM women (mean age ± SD, 56.8 ± 2.

Association between self-reported resistance training and self-rated health in a national sample of U.S. men and women.

Background: Self-rated health (SRH) is a predictor of several clinical outcomes, including mortality. Physical activity is associated with SRH; however, the specific role that resistance training (RT) plays in this relationship is unknown. We explored the independent association between self-reported RT and SRH in a cross-sectional survey (National Physical Activity and Weight Loss Study; NPAWLS) conducted by the University of South Carolina Prevention Research Center in 2002.