Adenovirus load correlates with respiratory disease severity among hospitalized pediatric patients.

Objectives: Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are common pathogens that can cause respiratory, gastrointestinal and other infections. We investigated the correlation between adenovirus viral load in clinical respiratory samples and the respiratory disease severity in pediatric patients.

Methods: Medical records of patients hospitalized in the Sheba Medical Center (SMC) with confirmed adenovirus infection were retrospectively analyzed.

39·0°C versus 38·5°C ear temperature as fever limit in children with neutropenia undergoing chemotherapy for cancer: a multicentre, cluster-randomised, multiple-crossover, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Fever in neutropenia is the most frequent complication of chemotherapy for cancer. The temperature limit defining fever used clinically varies. A higher limit can avoid unnecessary diagnoses in patients spontaneously recovering from fever.

Visualizing the invisible: class excursions to ignite children's enthusiasm for microbes.

We have recently argued that, because microbes have pervasive - often vital - influences on our lives, and that therefore their roles must be taken into account in many of the decisions we face, society must become microbiology-literate, through the introduction of relevant microbiology topics in school curricula (Timmis et al. 2019. Environ Microbiol 21: 1513-1528).

Photocatalytic Degradation of Myclobutanil and Its Commercial Formulation with TiO₂ P25 in Slurry and TiO₂/-SiC Foams.

Viticulture is one of the crops most subject to pest control by fungicides. Their drainage towards the fresh water affects the aquatic environment, the fauna, the flora and especially the human health. It is therefore necessary to find an adequate solution to solve this problem.

New Insight Into Pathogenicity and Secondary Metabolism of the Plant Pathogen Through Deletion of the Epigenetic Reader SntB.

is one of the most harmful post-harvest pathogens of pomaceous fruits and the causal agent of blue rot disease. During infection, produces the toxic secondary metabolites patulin and citrinin that can impact virulence and, further, render the fruit inedible. Several studies have shown that epigenetic machinery controls synthesis of secondary metabolites in fungi.

Effects of Acute Colchicine Administration Prior to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: COLCHICINE-PCI Randomized Trial.

Background: Vascular injury and inflammation during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are associated with increased risk of post-PCI adverse outcomes. Colchicine decreases neutrophil recruitment to sites of vascular injury. The anti-inflammatory effects of acute colchicine administration before PCI on subsequent myocardial injury are unknown.

Growing a circular economy with fungal biotechnology: a white paper.

Fungi have the ability to transform organic materials into a rich and diverse set of useful products and provide distinct opportunities for tackling the urgent challenges before all humans. Fungal biotechnology can advance the transition from our petroleum-based economy into a bio-based circular economy and has the ability to sustainably produce resilient sources of food, feed, chemicals, fuels, textiles, and materials for construction, automotive and transportation industries, for furniture and beyond. Fungal biotechnology offers solutions for securing, stabilizing and enhancing the food supply for a growing human population, while simultaneously lowering greenhouse gas emissions.

Conservative Management of COVID-19 Patients-Emergency Palliative Care in Action.

Context: The COVID-19 pandemic is spreading across the world. Many patients will not be suitable for mechanical ventilation owing to the underlying health conditions, and they will require a conservative approach including palliative care management for their important symptom burden.

Objectives: To develop a management plan for patients who are not suitable for mechanical ventilation that is tailored to the stage their COVID-19 disease.

Diversity of Secondary Metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans Clinical Isolates.

The filamentous fungus has been a primary workhorse used to understand fungal genetics. Much of this work has focused on elucidating the genetics of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and the secondary metabolites (SMs) they produce. SMs are both niche defining in fungi and of great economic importance to humans.

Functional Characterization of Clinical Isolates of the Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen Aspergillus nidulans.

is an opportunistic fungal pathogen in patients with immunodeficiency, and virulence of isolates has mainly been studied in the context of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), with characterization of clinical isolates obtained from non-CGD patients remaining elusive. This study therefore carried out a detailed biological characterization of two clinical isolates (CIs), obtained from a patient with breast carcinoma and pneumonia and from a patient with cystic fibrosis that underwent lung transplantation, and compared them to the reference, nonclinical FGSC A4 strain. Both CIs presented increased growth in comparison to that of the reference strain in the presence of physiologically relevant carbon sources.

Club Cell TRPV4 Serves as a Damage Sensor Driving Lung Allergic Inflammation.

Airway epithelium is the first body surface to contact inhaled irritants and report danger. Here, we report how epithelial cells recognize and respond to aeroallergen alkaline protease 1 (Alp1) of Aspergillus sp., because proteases are critical components of many allergens that provoke asthma.

Contributions of Spore Secondary Metabolites to UV-C Protection and Virulence Vary in Different Aspergillus fumigatus Strains.

Fungi are versatile organisms which thrive in hostile environments, including the International Space Station (ISS). Several isolates of the human pathogen have been found contaminating the ISS, an environment with increased exposure to UV radiation. Secondary metabolites (SMs) in spores, such as melanins, have been shown to protect spores from UV radiation in other fungi.

The tetrameric pheromone module SteC-MkkB-MpkB-SteD regulates asexual sporulation, sclerotia formation and aflatoxin production in Aspergillus flavus.

For eukaryotes like fungi to regulate biological responses to environmental stimuli, various signalling cascades are utilized, like the highly conserved mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. In the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans, a MAPK pathway known as the pheromone module regulates development and the production of secondary metabolites (SMs). This pathway consists five proteins, the three kinases SteC, MkkB and MpkB, the adaptor SteD and the scaffold HamE.

Coating-free TiO@β-SiC alveolar foams as a ready-to-use composite photocatalyst with tunable adsorption properties for water treatment.

Coating-free TiO@β-SiC photocatalytic composite foams gathered within a ready-to-use shell/core alveolar medium the photocatalytically active TiO phase and the β-SiC foam structure were prepared a multi-step shape memory synthesis (SMS) replica method. They were fabricated following a sequential two-step carburization approach, in which an external TiC skin was synthesized at the surface of a β-SiC skeleton foam obtained from a pre-shaped polyurethane foam during a first carburization step. The adsorption behaviour of the shell/core TiO@β-SiC composite foams towards the Diuron pollutant in water was tuned by submitting the carbide foams to a final calcination treatment within the 550-700 °C temperature range.

Feasibility of freehand MRI/US cognitive fusion transperineal biopsy of the prostate in local anaesthesia as in-office procedure-experience with 400 patients.

Background: Transrectal (TR) ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy is one of the most commonly performed urologic procedures worldwide. The major drawback of this approach is the associated risk for infectious complications. Sepsis rates are increasing due to rising antibiotic resistance, representing a global issue.

Behavioral and neural processes in counterconditioning: Past and future directions.

Counterconditioning refers both to the technique and putative process by which behavior is modified through a new association with a stimulus of an opposite valence. Similar to extinction, counterconditioning is considered a form of inhibition that interferes with the expression of the originally learned response without erasing it. But whereas interest in extinction continues to rise, counterconditioning has received far less attention.

Blistering1 Modulates Virulence Via Vesicle-mediated Protein Secretion.

The blue mold fungus, is a postharvest apple pathogen that contributes to food waste by rotting fruit and by producing harmful mycotoxins ( patulin). To identify genes controlling pathogen virulence, a random T-DNA insertional library was created from wild-type strain R19. One transformant, T625, had reduced virulence in apples, blistered mycelial hyphae, and a T-DNA insertion that abolished transcription of the single copy locus in which it was inserted.

A large-scale standardized physiological survey reveals functional organization of the mouse visual cortex.

To understand how the brain processes sensory information to guide behavior, we must know how stimulus representations are transformed throughout the visual cortex. Here we report an open, large-scale physiological survey of activity in the awake mouse visual cortex: the Allen Brain Observatory Visual Coding dataset. This publicly available dataset includes the cortical activity of nearly 60,000 neurons from six visual areas, four layers, and 12 transgenic mouse lines in a total of 243 adult mice, in response to a systematic set of visual stimuli.

The effects of aversive-to-appetitive counterconditioning on implicit and explicit fear memory.

Counterconditioning (CC) is a form of retroactive interference that inhibits expression of learned behavior. But similar to extinction, CC can be a fairly weak and impermanent form of interference, and the original behavior is prone to relapse. Research on CC is limited, especially in humans, but prior studies suggest it is more effective than extinction at modifying some behaviors (e.

Ferrite Materials for Photoassisted Environmental and Solar Fuels Applications.

Ferrites are a large class of oxides containing Fe and at least another metal cation that have been investigated for and applied to a wide variety of fields ranging from mature technologies like circuitry, permanent magnets, magnetic recording and microwave devices to the most recent developments in areas like bioimaging, gas sensing and photocatalysis. In the last respect, although ferrites have been less studied than other types of semiconductors, they present interesting properties such as visible light absorption, tuneable optoelectronic properties and high chemical and photochemical stability. The versatility of their chemical composition and of their crystallographic structure opened a playground for developing new catalysts with enhanced efficiency.