Cigarette smoking increases complication rate in forefoot surgery.

Background: Cigarette smoking is known to increase perioperative complication rates, but no study to date has examined its effect specifically in forefoot surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cigarette smoking increased complications after forefoot surgery.

Methods: The records of 602 patients who had forefoot surgery between 2008 and 2010, and for whom smoking status was known, were reviewed.