Leaching and vertical distribution of Fe and Zn citrate nanoparticles in Indian red soil.

This research aims to address common constraints in the effective utilization of plant nutrients in soil, such as fixation, mobility, leaching, and reactions with soil colloids. To mitigate these issues, Fe and Zn citrate nanoparticles were synthesized and applied as nanochelators in a reconstructed soil profile column. We evaluated the mobility, release, and leaching behaviors of these nanoparticles.