Prevalence of food allergy and its association with atopic dermatitis in Iran: Results from the PERSIAN birth cohort.

Background: The incidence of food allergy (FA) has been increasing worldwide, causing growing concern on a global scale.

Objective: This birth cohort study analyzes the incidence of reported FA and other atopic comorbidities in children from birth to age 2 years who were living in 4 urban and semiurban areas in Iran.

Methods: Children were followed from birth until age 24 months, with follow-up questionnaires administered through parent or guardian interviews conducted when the children were aged 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 months.

Relationship between Air Pollution and Serum Vitamin D Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Elevated levels of atmospheric pollutants might disrupt the metabolism of vitamin D in the skin. Studies showed inconsistent results about the impact of air pollution on the serum vitamin D level. This study aims to systematically review the influence of air pollution on vitamin D levels.

Psychometric properties of Persian version of health literacy for Iranian school-age children scale.

Health literacy may play an important role in the attainment of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of Health Literacy for School-Aged Children (P-HLSAC) employing data that covered the entire school path. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023-24 among 605 school-aged students in Isfahan, Iran.

The lasting influence of parenting intervention on child behavior: findings from a randomized clinical trial using care for child development guidelines.

Background: Studies have investigated the role of different parenting intervention programs in the early development of children. Here we aimed to determine the long-term efficacy of Care for Child Development (CCD) guideline interventions on behavioral dimensions of children's development.

Methods: This randomized clinical trial took place at an outpatient public Pediatrics clinic in Isfahan, Iran from February 2020 to May 2024.

The association between macronutrients intake and myopia risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Dietary factors have been suggested as potential risk factors for myopia, but research findings on this relationship are inconclusive. The potential predisposing or protective role of macronutrient (carbohydrate, protein, fat) intake in the development of myopia was systematically reviewed, followed by data synthesis by meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to the end of June 2023 to identify all relevant studies.

Association of Beverage Consumption with Cardio-metabolic Risk Factors and Alanine Transaminase Levels in Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN-V Study.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the association of beverage consumption with cardiometabolic risk factors and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in children and adolescents.

Materials And Methods: This nationwide study is a part of the fifth survey of a national surveillance program in Iran. Overall, 4200 students, aged 7-18 years, were selected from 30 provinces by multi-stage cluster sampling.

A review of the potential adverse health impacts of atrazine in humans.

Atrazine is a widely used chlorinated triazine herbicide in agricultural settings, which has raised concerns over its potential adverse effects on human health. The extensive application of atrazine has resulted in its pervasive presence in the environment, contaminating soil, groundwater, and surface water. While earlier research suggested that atrazine is unlikely to pose a health concern, recent evidence has indicated the necessity to reassess this point of view.

Use of Cardiovascular Disease Secondary Prevention Medications in Four Middle East Countries in a Community Setting.

Background: Evidence-based International clinical practice guidelines, universally recommend secondary prevention medications for those with previous cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is limited data on the community use of these medications in the Middle East (ME).

Objectives: This study assesses the use and predictors of evidence based secondary prevention medications in individuals with a history of CVD [coronary heart disease (CHD) or stroke].

Behavioral and physiological pain structures of PIPP-R and parental stress: structural equation modeling approach.

Background: Although most non-acute pain assessment tools are multi-dimensional (behavioral and physiological measures) in their approach, the outputs of such tools are considered unidimensional. This study aimed to explore and determine the behavioral and physiological pain structures of Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised (PIPP-R) for neonates and its association with parental stress.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022-2023 in Isfahan, Iran.

Glucose and lipid-related indicators in relation to elevated alanine aminotransferase in a pediatric population.

Objectives: To determine the associations between various glucose and lipid-related indicators with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in pediatric population.

Methods: We analyzed the cross-sectional data of 3,771 Iranian children and adolescents aged 7-18 years using the fifth survey of a national school-based surveillance program. The predictive power of 11 different glucose and lipid-related indicators for predicting elevated ALT was examined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Association Between Dietary Phytochemical Index and Neonatal Thyroid Function.

Thyroid hormones regulate fetal growth and differentiation of several tissues. Maternal dietary patterns may be correlated with changes in the level of neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). We hypothesized that since maternal nutrition affects birth weight and offspring growth, it may also impact endocrine patterns in offspring.

Psychometric evaluation of a new instrument to hookah tobacco smoking-related factors in the Iranian female university students based on the Extended Parallel Process Model.

Background: The higher prevalence of hookah tobacco smoking (HTS) has become worrisome in women. Thus, it is essential to identify and measure the perceptions associated with this unhealthy behavior as well as the type of response to risk messages to design the effective programs. This study aimed to psychometric evaluation of a new instrument, named the Extended Parallel Process Model-Hookah Tobacco Smoking Questionnaire (EPPM-HTSQ), for female university students.

Association of Postpartum Depression with Maternal Serum Magnesium Levels, Infant Growth, and Neurodevelopmental Indices.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) can exert both short-term and long-term effects on a child's health. Offspring born to mothers who suffer from PPD face an elevated susceptibility to encountering psychological disturbances and developmental delays. Moreover, there has been conjecture surrounding a plausible connection between maternal magnesium (Mg) levels and psychiatric manifestations.

Association between maternal and cord blood thyroid hormones, and urine iodine concentration with fetal growth.

Objectives: We planned to evaluate the association of fetal and maternal thyroid hormones and maternal iodine status with neonates' anthropometric parameters.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, levels of thyrotropin were measured in maternal serum in the first trimester of pregnancy, and thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxin (fT4) were measured in cord blood serum samples at birth. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) levels in random urine samples of mothers were measured in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Modelling of physicians' clinical information-seeking behaviour in Iran: a grounded theory study.

Objectives: Exploring clinical information-seeking behaviour (CISB) and its associated factors contributes to its theoretical advancement and offers a valuable framework for addressing physicians' information needs. This study delved into the dimensions, interactions, strategies and determinants of CISB among physicians at the point of care.

Design: A grounded theory study was developed based on Strauss and Corbin's approach.

Maternal education and its influence on child growth and nutritional status during the first two years of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The first 1000 days of life are critical for a child's health and development. Impaired growth during this period is linked to increased child morbidity, mortality, and long-term consequences. Undernutrition is the main cause, and addressing it within the first 1000 days of life is vital.

Screen Time and Child Behavioral Disorders During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.

Background: The extensive use of various electronic games and communication devices, particularly among children and adolescents, has raised concerns, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the link between screen time and internalizing disorders, such as anxiety and depression, among individuals aged ≤18 during the global COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This systematic review aims to summarize scientific publications from 2019 to early 2022 by searching databases, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO, to identify suitable studies.

Persian version of brief infant sleep questionnaire (BISQ): a psychometric evaluation.

Background: The high prevalence of sleep problems and their negative consequences on children and parents highlight the need to design early screening instruments to evaluate sleep problems in early childhood. We aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) among the Iranian population.

Methods And Materials: This study included 646 one-year-old infants by random sampling from the PERSIAN birth cohort study.

Establishing research impact assessment in Iran: The first report from a non-high-income country.

Background: This study presents the first report on research impact assessment (RIA) in non-high-income countries, undertaken as a pilot initiative in 2021. Within it, we aimed to explore the feasibility of employing the 'payback' model for evaluating the impact of health research and enhancing the accountability of universities. We focussed on three key impact domains: 'production of decision support documents and knowledge-based products,' 'implementation of research results,' and 'health and economic impact.

Validity and reliability of parent assessments of pubertal maturation among adolescent girls in Isfahan, Iran.

Objectives: The current paper presents the steps considered for validation of a questionnaire for assessment of sexual maturity among Iranian adolescent girls.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 2022 in Isfahan, Iran. Based on the Growth and Development Questionnaire that included both the Pubertal Development Scale (PDS) and Sexual Maturation Scale (SMS), two Persian questionnaires were prepared.

The Assessment of Neonatal Anthropometric Indices Association with Umbilical Cord Blood Zinc and Magnesium Levels.

Background: The present research aims to find the association between neonatal anthropometric parameters and zinc and magnesium concentration in cord blood.

Materials And Methods: The current cross-sectional report is a sub-study from the "PERSIAN Birth Cohort Study" conducted on 112 pairs of mother-neonate referring to the index hospitals for giving birth to their children during 2018-19. Umbilical cord blood was collected at delivery for the measurement of zinc and magnesium.