The prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in adult carbapenem-resistant infection: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Systemic inflammatory indicators such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can effectively predict the prognosis of various inflammatory diseases. However, its prognostic effect on patients with carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) infection is little known. The objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors for mortality associated with CRKP infection and the clinical value of NLR in predicting prognosis in these patients.

A spacer design strategy for CRISPR-Cas12f1 with single-nucleotide polymorphism mutation resolution capability and its application in the mutations diagnosis of pathogens.

Infectious diseases remain a major global issue in public health. It is important to develop rapid, sensitive, and accurate diagnostic methods to detect pathogens and their mutations. Cas12f1 is an exceptionally compact RNA-guided nuclease and have the potential to fulfill the clinical needs.

What contributes to the re-positive nucleic acid test results for the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 in the shelter cabin hospital in Shanghai, China?

Background: Despite the increasing reports of re-positive SARS-CoV-2 cases after recovery and discharge from hospitals, our knowledge remains very limited regarding the contributing factors of re-positivity and its roles in the transmission and epidemiology of the Omicron variant.

Methods: In this retrospective study, re-positivity is defined as the positive nucleic acid result (Ct < 35) following two consecutive negative results during hospitalization. A total of 751 patients from Shanghai Shelter Cabin Hospital were enrolled and divided with a ratio of about 1:2 into the re-positivity group and the non-re-positivity group.

The Prognostic Value of Serum HBV-RNA during Hepatitis B Virus Infection is Related to Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure.

Background: Serum HBV-RNA levels can predict antiviral response in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients; however, its role in HBV-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF) remains unclear. Here, we determined its implications for HBV-ACLF.

Methods: Baseline serum HBV-RNA levels were retrospectively detected in HBV-ACLF and CHB patients.

A Highly Sensitive and Specific Detection Method for Fluoroquinolone Resistance Mutations Utilizing the CRISPR-Cas13a System.

Objectives: CRISPR-Cas13a system-based nucleic acid detection methods are reported to have rapid and sensitive DNA detection. However, the screening strategy for crRNAs that enables CRISPR-Cas13a single-base resolution DNA detection of human pathogens remains unclear.

Methods: A combined rational design and target mutation-anchoring CRISPR RNA (crRNA) screening strategy was proposed.

Application of TGF-β1, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 small interfering RNAs can alleviate CCl-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats by rebalancing Th1/Th2 cytokines.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of TGF-β1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 small interfering (si)RNA and TIMP-2 siRNA on hepatic fibrosis in rats and explore the T helper (Th)1/Th2 balance. Moreover, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-13 are the main cytokines associated with Th1/Th2 responses and have significant influence on the progression of hepatic fibrosis. The expression levels of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-13 in rats with hepatic fibrosis that were treated with siRNAs against the aforementioned molecules were measured using various techniques including immunohistochemical staining, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR.

Functions and Mechanisms of Lysine Glutarylation in Eukaryotes.

Lysine glutarylation (Kglu) is a newly discovered post-translational modification (PTM), which is considered to be reversible, dynamic, and conserved in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Recent developments in the identification of Kglu by mass spectrometry have shown that Kglu is mainly involved in the regulation of metabolism, oxidative damage, chromatin dynamics and is associated with various diseases. In this review, we firstly summarize the development history of glutarylation, the biochemical processes of glutarylation and deglutarylation.

Diagnostic and prognostic value of ABC transporter family member ABCG1 gene in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

As the most common histologic subtype of renal cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) poses a serious threat to public health. However, there are no specific molecular-targeted drugs for ccRCC at present. Human ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family plays an important role in homeostasis maintenance.

CRISPR-cas systems based molecular diagnostic tool for infectious diseases and emerging 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia.

Emerging infectious diseases, the persistent potential for destabilising pandemics, remain a global threat leading to excessive morbidity and mortality. The current outbreak of pneumonia caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) illustrated difficulties in lack of effective drugs for treatment. Accurate and rapid diagnostic tools are essential for early recognition and treatment of infectious diseases, allowing timely implementation of infection control, improved clinical care and other public health measures to stop the spread of the disease.

Multiple-Scales Integrative Analysis of MicroRNAs Unveils Biomarkers and Key Regulatory Connections for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the sixth most common liver cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer mortality. For these reasons, early diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers are extremely urgent. MicroRNAs are small noncoding single-stranded RNA molecules that are reported to be involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes during carcinogenesis.

Quasispecies characters of hepatitis B virus in immunoprophylaxis failure infants.

Hepatitis B vaccination prevents 80-95% of transmission and reduces the incidence of HBV in children. The variations in the a determinant of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) have been reported to be the most prevalent cause for vaccine or antibody escape. There is a conflicting evidence on as to whether escape mutants arise de novo in infected infants or whether the mutants, that have preexisted maternally, subsequently undergo selective replication in the infant under immune pressure.

[Effect of TGF-b1 siRNA-mediated silencing on Smad proteins in hepatic fibrosis rats].

Objective: To investigate the changes in Smad 2, 3, 4 and 7 of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-b1)/Smad signaling pathways in carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-induced hepatic fibrosis rats treated with TGF-b1 small interfering (si)RNA.

Methods: Rats were randomly divided among five groups: non-fibrotic (normal); fibrosis-induced (model); fibrotic treated with 0.125 mg/kg TGF-b1 siRNA; fibrotic treated with 0.

The antifibrotic effects of TGF-β1 siRNA on hepatic fibrosis in rats.

Background/aims: Hepatic fibrosis results from the excessive secretion of matrix proteins by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which proliferate during fibrotic liver injury. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 is the dominant stimulus for extracellular matrix (ECM) production by stellate cells. Our study was designed to investigate the antifibrotic effects of using short interference RNA (siRNA) to target TGF-β1 in hepatic fibrosis and its mechanism in rats exposed to a high-fat diet and carbon tetrachloride (CCL4).

[Construction and identification of siRNA eukaryotic expression vectors targeting on TGFβ1, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 genes in vitro].

Objective: To construct the siRNA eukaryotic expression vectors targeting on TGFβ1, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 and to investigate the inhibitory efficiency of target genes expression on rat hepatic stellate cell in vitro.

Methods: The siRNA cDNA sequences of TGFβ1, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were designed, synthesized and inserted into plasmid pGenesil-1 respectively to generate eukaryotic expression plasmids. The plasmids were transfected into HSC T6 cells in vitro and the inhibitory efficiency of target genes expression was observed with real-time PCR and Western blot.