The Role of Boundary Spanning in Building Trust: A Place-Based Study on Engaging Hardly Reached Groups in Community Healthcare Settings.

This paper investigates the impact of boundary spanning activities on building trust as a means of tackling health inequalities in hardly reached communities. Lack of trust has been identified as a barrier to engagement with healthcare services, resulting in poorer health outcomes. Engaging with hardly reached communities is challenging due to the social and symbolic boundaries prevalent in community healthcare settings.

Polygenic Prediction of Recurrent Events After Early-Onset Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a complex disease caused by both lifestyle and genetic factors. This study aims to investigate the predictive value of genetic risk, in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, for recurrent events following early-onset MI.

Methods: The Italian Genetic Study of Early-Onset Myocardial Infarction is a cohort study enrolling patients with MI before 45 years.

Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of polygenic risk score-stratified screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm.

As the heritability of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is high and AAA partially shares genetic architecture with other cardiovascular diseases, genetic information could help inform AAA screening strategies. Exploiting pleiotropy and meta-analysing summary data from large studies, we construct a polygenic risk score (PRS) for AAA. Leveraging related traits improves PRS performance (R) by 22.

shaPRS: Leveraging shared genetic effects across traits or ancestries improves accuracy of polygenic scores.

We present shaPRS, a method that leverages widespread pleiotropy between traits or shared genetic effects across ancestries, to improve the accuracy of polygenic scores. The method uses genome-wide summary statistics from two diseases or ancestries to improve the genetic effect estimate and standard error at SNPs where there is homogeneity of effect between the two datasets. When there is significant evidence of heterogeneity, the genetic effect from the disease or population closest to the target population is maintained.

Hospital corridors as lived spaces: The reconfiguration of social boundaries during the early stages of the Covid pandemic.

This article explores the meanings and uses of a hospital corridor through 98 diary entries produced by the staff of an English specialist hospital during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on Lefebvre's (1991, The production of space. Blackwell) threefold theorisation of space, corridors are seen as conceived, perceived and lived spaces, produced through and enabling the reconfiguration and reinterpretation of social interactions.

Recent advances in polygenic scores: translation, equitability, methods and FAIR tools.

Polygenic scores (PGS) can be used for risk stratification by quantifying individuals' genetic predisposition to disease, and many potentially clinically useful applications have been proposed. Here, we review the latest potential benefits of PGS in the clinic and challenges to implementation. PGS could augment risk stratification through combined use with traditional risk factors (demographics, disease-specific risk factors, family history, etc.

Three-dimensional Element-by-element Surface Topography Reconstruction of Compound Samples Using Multisegment Silicon Drift Detectors.

Elemental surface topography information in microscopic material characterization contributes to a better understanding of surfaces, interfaces, substrates, and their applications. Here, a general approach based on microbeam proton-induced X-ray emission (micro-PIXE) to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) elemental surface topography using the annular multisegment silicon drift detector has been demonstrated. The proposed method includes four main steps: acquiring four two-dimensional elemental concentration maps using the multichannel spectrometer, reconstructing the local inclination angle from the atomic model of ion-matter interaction, calculating the two independent topography gradient components, and numerical surface topography integration.

Gold-Assisted Molecular Imaging of Organic Tissue by MeV Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry.

The quality of molecular imaging by means of MeV primary ion-induced secondary ion mass spectrometry by coating with gold was evaluated on different reference organic molecules and plant samples. The enhancement of the secondary ion yield was evident for the majority of the studied analytes, reaching the highest values at gold thicknesses between 0.5 and 2 nm, and increased the intensity up to 5-fold for reference samples and >2-fold for specific peaks within the plant sample.

A fuzzy decision support model for the evaluation and selection of healthcare projects in the framework of competition.

Our research aims to support decision-making regarding the financing of healthcare projects by structural funds with policies targeting reduction of the development gap among different regions and countries of the European Union as well as the achievement of economic and social cohesion. A fuzzy decision support model for the evaluation and selection of healthcare projects should rank the project applications for the selected region, accounting for the investor's wishes in the form of a regional coefficient in order to reduce the development gap between regions. On the one hand, our proposed model evaluates project applications based on selected criteria, which may be structured, weakly structured, or unstructured.

Tissue-specific calcium and magnesium allocation to explain differences in bulk concentration in leaves of one-year-old seedlings of two olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars.

Olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaves have recently been recognised as a valuable source in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry as well as in preparation of health-supporting beverages. Little is known about the element composition of olive leaves and almost nothing about tissue-specific allocation of elements.

Sensemaking in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative exploration of polarised morality in an NHS Trust.

This article presents an analysis of personal diaries kept by health-care staff within a specialist NHS Trust in England during the initial 3 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. It adopts a moral sensemaking perspective to explore how NHS employees mobilised and reframed ideas of right and wrong in order to make sense of unprecedented uncertainty and displacement. By focussing on how the macro and micro politics of the pandemic were played out in the organisation, the study finds that polarised moral judgements were invoked in order to justify and rationalise a broad array of associated emergent emotions, intuitions, behaviours and practices.

A Complex Hybrid Model for Evaluating Projects to Improve the Sustainability and Health of Regions and Cities.

The main goal of the study is to develop a complex hybrid model for evaluating projects to improve the sustainability and health of regions and cities within the European Green Deal and Industry 5.0 concepts. The complex model is a comprehensive evaluation system that considers various influencing factors, the investor's intentions regarding the need and financing of projects, as well as expert opinion on the possibility of achieving sustainability and health of regions and cities by implementing this project with the investor.

Total Knee Replacement with an Uncemented Porous Tantalum Tibia Component: A Failure Analysis.

Porous tantalum has been extensively used in orthopaedic surgery, including uncemented total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Favourable results were reported with earlier monobloc tibial components and the design evolved to modular implants. We aimed to analyse possible causes for extensive medial tibia bone loss, resulting in modular porous tantalum tibia baseplate fracture after primary TKA.

Molecular imaging of humain hair with MeV-SIMS: A case study of cocaine detection and distribution in the hair of a cocaine user.

Human hair absorbs numerous biomolecules from the body during its growth. This can act as a fingerprint to determine substance intake of an individual, which can be useful in forensic studies. The cocaine concentration profile along the growth axis of hair indicates the time evolution of the metabolic incorporation of cocaine usage.

Ankle-foot orthosis adherence in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: A scoping review.

Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are commonly supplied to children with cerebral palsy (CP) to support their gait. However, usage is reported to decrease through adolescence. Because AFOs can allow users to engage in daily activities and develop their independence, a wider understanding of nonadherence is essential to determining the most appropriate ways to support orthotic prescription for children with CP in the future.

Human Neocortex Layer Features Evaluated by PIXE, STIM, and STXM Techniques.

The human neocortex has a cytoarchitecture composed of six layers with an intrinsic organization that relates to afferent and efferent pathways for a high functional specialization. Various histological, neurochemical, and connectional techniques have been used to study these cortical layers. Here, we explore the additional possibilities of swift ion beam and synchrotron radiation techniques to distinguish cellular layers based on the elemental distributions and areal density pattern in the human neocortex.

Expert model of risk assessment for the selected components of smart city concept: From safe time to pandemics as COVID-19.

The purpose of the paper is to create an information, fuzzy risk assessment model to support the decision-making of Municipality management for the establishment and management of measures in the safe mode (regular) of City, emergency and disaster situations, in the selected components of Smart City concept. Research on this topic was motivated by the need for support, especially in emergency situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. It is proposed that the evaluation be carried out at local level within the framework of the Smart City concept and selected components integrated into the entity, including the Smart Security, Smart Healthcare, and Smart Environment components supported by the Smart WebGIS subsystem.

MICy: a Novel Flow Cytometric Method for Rapid Determination of Minimal Inhibitory Concentration.

Early initiated adequate antibiotic treatment is essential in intensive care. Shortening the length of antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) can accelerate clinical decision-making. Our objective was to develop a simple flow cytometry (FC)-based AST that produces reliable results within a few hours.

Revealing Inflammatory Indications Induced by Titanium Alloy Wear Debris in Periprosthetic Tissue by Label-Free Correlative High-Resolution Ion, Electron and Optical Microspectroscopy.

The metallic-associated adverse local tissue reactions (ALTR) and events accompanying worn-broken implant materials are still poorly understood on the subcellular and molecular level. Current immunohistochemical techniques lack spatial resolution and chemical sensitivity to investigate causal relations between material and biological response on submicron and even nanoscale. In our study, new insights of titanium alloy debris-tissue interaction were revealed by the implementation of label-free high-resolution correlative microscopy approaches.

RápidoPGS: a rapid polygenic score calculator for summary GWAS data without a test dataset.

Motivation: Polygenic scores (PGS) aim to genetically predict complex traits at an individual level. PGS are typically trained on genome-wide association summary statistics and require an independent test dataset to tune parameters. More recent methods allow parameters to be tuned on the training data, removing the need for independent test data, but approaches are computationally intensive.

Treatment of Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Total Knee Arthroplasty with a Temporary Intramedullary Nail: Is a Long or Short Nail Better?

To our knowledge, no studies have compared postoperative outcomes between patients who received a temporary short or long intramedullary (IM) nail in the setting of infected total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare short-term outcomes for patients who underwent long or short IM nail insertion for treatment of periprosthetic knee infection. Specifically, we compared: (1) success rates; (2) patient reported/functional outcomes; and (3) complications between patients implanted with a short or a long IM nail following PJI of the knee.

Magnesium and calcium overaccumulate in the leaves of a schengen3 mutant of Brassica rapa.

Magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) are essential mineral nutrients poorly supplied in many human food systems. In grazing livestock, Mg and Ca deficiencies are costly welfare issues. Here, we report a Brassica rapa loss-of-function schengen3 (sgn3) mutant, braA.