Renal-Clearable Metalloporphyrin Complex-Based Nanosonosensitizers Using Photoacoustic Imaging Guiding to Enhance Sonodynamic Cancer Therapy.

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a noninvasive approach to tumor treatment, with ongoing efforts being focused on developing highly effective sonosensitizers with low toxicity. Herein, a liquid-phase stripping technique was introduced as a simple reflux method for synthesizing ultrasmall Mn-PCN-224 nanodots (MM NDs). Compared with PCN-224 nanodots, the synthesized MM NDs, which function as renal-clearable nanoagents, produced 2.

Recent Advances in Strategies to Enhance Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy Performance of Single-Component Organic Phototherapeutic Agents.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) have emerged as promising treatment options, showcasing immense potential in addressing both oncologic and nononcologic diseases. Single-component organic phototherapeutic agents (SCOPAs) offer advantages compared to inorganic or multicomponent nanomedicine, including better biosafety, lower toxicity, simpler synthesis, and enhanced reproducibility. Nonetheless, how to further improve the therapeutic effectiveness of SCOPAs remains a challenging research area.

Aberrant brain entropy in posttraumatic stress disorder comorbid with major depressive disorder during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Aim: Previously, neuroimaging studies on comorbid Posttraumatic-Major depression disorder (PTSD-MDD) comorbidity found abnormalities in multiple brain regions among patients. Recent neuroimaging studies have revealed dynamic nature on human brain activity during resting state, and entropy as an indicator of dynamic regularity may provide a new perspective for studying abnormalities of brain function among PTSD-MDD patients. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a significant increase in the number of patients with PTSD-MDD.

Altered functional connectivity strength in chronic insomnia associated with gut microbiota composition and sleep efficiency.

Background: There is limited evidence on the link between gut microbiota (GM) and resting-state brain activity in patients with chronic insomnia (CI). This study aimed to explore the alterations in brain functional connectivity strength (FCS) in CI and the potential associations among altered FCS, GM composition, and neuropsychological performance indicators.

Materials And Methods: Thirty CI patients and 34 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited.

Altered cerebral blood flow patterns in ankylosing spondylitis: A three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling study.

Objective: This study aimed to detect the cerebral blood flow (CBF) values changes in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to evaluate the correlation between the CBF values and the specific clinical characteristics.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight patients with AS (43 male and 5 female) and 42 healthy controls (HCs) (38 male and 4 female) were recruited. Three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D-pCASL) was performed on a 3.

Abnormal Cerebral Blood Flow and Volumetric Brain Morphometry in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a serious breathing disorder, leading to myocardial infarction, high blood pressure, and stroke. Brain morphological changes have been widely reported in patients with OSA. The pathophysiological mechanisms of cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes associated with OSA are not clear.

Altered Spontaneous Brain Activity and Functional Integration in Hemodialysis Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease.

Purpose: Using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) algorithm to study the alteration of brain function in hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Patients And Methods: We recruited 20 patients with ESRD on regular hemodialysis and 17 healthy controls (HCs). All of the participants underwent resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI), neuropsychological tests, and blood biochemical examination.

Alterations of Regional Homogeneity in Preschool Boys With Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Objectives: The study was aimed at investigating the alterations of local spontaneous brain activity in preschool boys with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

Methods: Based on regional homogeneity (ReHo), the acquired resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data sets, which included 86 boys with ASD and 54 typically developing (TD) boys, were used to detect regional brain activity. Pearson correlation analysis was used to study the relationship between abnormal ReHo value and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), developmental quotient, and age.

Increased Left Putamen Volume Correlates With Pain in Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) mainly affects the axial skeleton and is an important factor leading to chronic lower back pain in young individuals. However, few studies have explored alterations of brain gray matter volume in AS patients. The purpose of the present study was to describe brain gray matter abnormalities associated with AS pain.

Increased Dynamic Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation in Primary Insomnia.

The physiological mechanism underlying primary insomnia (PI) is poorly understood. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has emerged as a powerful tool to explore PI. However, previous studies ignore the dynamics of the brain activity.

Abnormal Rich Club Organization of Structural Network as a Neuroimaging Feature in Relation With the Severity of Primary Insomnia.

Purpose: Insomnia is the most prevalent sleep complaint in the general population but is often intractable due to uncertainty regarding the underlying pathomechanisms. Sleep is regulated by a network of neural structures interconnected with the core nodes of the brain connectome referred to as the "rich club". We examined alterations in brain rich-club organization as revealed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the statistical relationships between abnormalities in rich-club metrics and the clinical features of primary insomnia (PI).

Multivariate Pattern Classification of Primary Insomnia Using Three Types of Functional Connectivity Features.

To explore whether or not functional connectivity (FC) could be used as a potential biomarker for classification of primary insomnia (PI) at the individual level by using multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA). Thirty-eight drug-naive patients with PI, and 44 healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state functional MR imaging. Voxel-wise functional connectivity strength (FCS), large-scale functional connectivity (large-scale FC) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) were calculated for each participant.

Aberrant regional homogeneity in post-traumatic stress disorder after traffic accident: A resting-state functional MRI study.

Objectives: The present study explored the changes in spontaneous regional activity in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients, who experienced severe traffic accidents.

Methods: 20 drug-naive PTSD patients and 18 healthy control subjects were imaged using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and analyzed by the algorithm of regional homogeneity (ReHo).

Results: Compared to the healthy control group, the PTSD group showed decreased ReHo values in the right angular gyrus.

Altered Local and Large-Scale Dynamic Functional Connectivity Variability in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Resting-State fMRI Study.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that can emerge after exposure to an exceedingly traumatic event. Previous neuroimaging studies have indicated that PTSD is characterized by aberrant resting-state functional connectivity (FC). However, few existing studies on PTSD have examined dynamic changes in resting-state FC related to network formation, interaction, and dissolution over time.

Cortical morphology of chronic users of codeine-containing cough syrups: association with sulcal depth, gyrification, and cortical thickness.

Objectives: The study aimed to explore the effects of codeine-containing cough syrup (CCS) exposure on cortical morphology and the relationship between cortical characteristics and CCS dependence.

Methods: Cortical morphometry based on Computational Anatomy Toolbox (CAT12) was used to compare changes in sulcal depth, gyrification, and cortical thickness of the cerebral cortex from 40 CCS users and 40 healthy controls (HCs) with two-sample t tests (p < 0.05, multiple comparison corrected).

Abnormal Topology of the Structural Connectome in the Limbic Cortico-Basal-Ganglia Circuit and Default-Mode Network Among Primary Insomnia Patients.

Primary insomnia (PI) is the second most common mental disorder. However, the topologic alterations in structural brain connectome in patients with PI remain largely unknown. A total of 44 PI patients and 46 age-, gender-, and education level matched healthy control (HC) participants were recruited in this study.

Abnormal degree centrality in chronic users of codeine-containing cough syrups: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Codeine-containing cough syrups (CCS) have become one of the most popular drugs of abuse in young population worldwide. However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying CCS-dependence are yet ill-defined. Therefore, understanding the brain abnormalities in chronic users of CCS is crucial for developing effective interventions.

Aberrant Effective Connectivity of the Right Anterior Insula in Primary Insomnia.

Objective: Daytime cognitive impairment is an essential symptom of primary insomnia (PI). However, the underlying neural substrate remains largely unknown. Many studies have shown that the right anterior insula (rAI) as a key node of salience network (SN) plays a critical role in switching between the executive control network (ECN) and the default mode network (DMN) for better performance of cognitively demanding tasks.

Reduced White Matter Integrity With Cognitive Impairments in End Stage Renal Disease.

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a serious public health problem, which can often lead to multiorgan dysfunction, such as cerebrovascular disease and cognitive damage. It is essential to understand cognitive impairment in patients with ESRD to develop better ESRD treatment and prevent further cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment is believed to be related to structural abnormalities in the brain.

Highly Expressed Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Receptor (G-CSFR) in Human Gastric Cancer Leads to Poor Survival.

BACKGROUND Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer (GC) patients has been the mainstay of therapy for many years. Although adding anti-angiogenic drugs to chemotherapy improves patient survival slightly, identifying anti-angiogenic therapy-sensitive patients remains challenging for oncologists. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis, which can be minimized with the anti-G-CSF antibody.

Downregulation of Annexin A11 (ANXA11) Inhibits Cell Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration via the AKT/GSK-3β Pathway in Gastric Cancer.

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world and in China the incidence and mortality rates of gastric cancer are the second highest among all forms of cancer. Annexin A11 (ANXA11) is a member of the annexins family. Previous studies have shown that ANXA11 participates in many cellular functions and has significant influence on ovarian, breast, liver, and colorectal cancer.