Achieving precise dual detection: One-tube reverse transcription-recombinase aided amplification (RT-RAA) combined with lateral flow strip (LFS) assay for RNA and DNA target genes from pepper mild mottle virus and Colletotrichum species in crude plant samples.

Ensuring the detection sensitivity of both RNA-derived and DNA-derived target genes in a single reaction has posed a significant challenge for on-site detection of plant pathogens. This challenge was addressed by developing a one-tube dual RT-RAA assay combined with LFS for the rapid on-site detection of pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) and four Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose in Solanaceous crops. By testing four different combinations of primer groups, two combinations were precisely adjusted within the dual RT-RAA system to balance amplification efficiency and maintain consistent levels of amplification in crude plant samples.

First report of pepper chlorosis-associated virus infecting tobacco () plants in Sichuan Province in China.

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) is an economically important crop in China, and more than 30 viruses have been reported to infect tobacco (Yin et al. 2022). In July 2022, we observed interveinal necrosis on tobacco leaves in fields in Sichuan Province (N 27.

The nanovirus U2 protein suppresses RNA silencing via three conserved cysteine residues.

Nanoviruses have multipartite, circular, single-stranded DNA genomes and cause huge production losses in legumes and other crops. No viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR) has yet been reported from a member of the genus Nanovirus. Here, we demonstrate that the nanovirus U2 protein is a VSR.

Chloroplast clustering around the nucleus induced by OMP24 overexpression unexpectedly promoted PSTVd infection in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Chloroplast clustering around the nucleus is a well-known mechanism that occurs in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses and is believed to be a mechanism of defence against pathogens in plants. This phenomenon is accompanied by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can help to destroy invading pathogens. However, the function of chloroplast clustering during viroid infection is unclear.

Identification and complete genome sequence of iris potyvirus A, which causes dwarfing and foliar chlorosis with mosaic or mottle disease symptoms on lily (Lilium lancifolium Thunb.) in China.

Lily plants (Lilium lancifolium Thunb.) exhibiting dwarfing and foliar chlorosis with mosaic or mottle disease symptoms were found in Anhui Province, China. We used high-throughput sequencing of small RNA to survey the virus in the lily cultivation region of Anhui Province.

Inactivating Activities and Mechanism of Imidazo[1,2-]pyrimidin-5(6)-one Nucleoside Derivatives Incorporating a Sulfonamide Scaffold.

Twenty-eight imidazo[1,2-]pyrimidin-5(6)-one nucleoside derivatives incorporating a sulfonamide scaffold with preferable inactivating activities on pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) were designed and synthesized. Then, compound with illustrious inactivating activity against PMMoV was received on the basis of the three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model, with the EC of 11.4 μg/mL, which was superior to ningnanmycin (65.

Pepper mild mottle virus coat protein interacts with pepper chloroplast outer envelope membrane protein OMP24 to inhibit antiviral immunity in plants.

Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) is a devastating viral pathogen of pepper () but it is unclear whether and how peppers protect against PMMoV infection. The expression of the chloroplast outer membrane protein 24 (OMP24) of was upregulated under PMMoV infection and it interacted with PMMoV coat protein (CP). Silencing of in either or facilitated PMMoV infection, whereas overexpression of in transgenic plants inhibited PMMoV infection.

Complete genome sequence of triticum yellow stripe virus, a new polerovirus infecting wheat (triticum aestivum) in China.

Wheat plants with yellow stripes on their leaves were collected in the city of Tai'an (Shandong province, China). High-throughput sequencing analysis of the collected plants showed that they were coinfected with wheat leaf yellowing-associated virus (WLYaV) and an unidentified polerovirus. The genome of the unidentified virus, tentatively named "triticum yellow stripe virus" (TriYSV), comprises 5,595 nucleotides and contains seven open reading frames (ORFs), with a typical polerovirus genome structure.

First detection of coccidia species in blue peafowl (Pavo cristatus) in China via both microscopic and molecular methods.

Coccidia are protozoan parasites in the class Conoidasida. To determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of coccidia species in blue peafowl (Pavo cristatus) in Henan, China, 240 fecal specimens were collected and screened for the presence of Eimeria spp. and Isospora spp.

First report of bean common mosaic virus naturally infecting yam bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) in China.

Yam bean (Pachyrhizus erosus), a high-yielding leguminous root crop with good nutritional value, is widely cultivated in southern China. In 2020, P. erosus (cv.

Turnip mosaic virus P1 suppresses JA biosynthesis by degrading cpSRP54 that delivers AOCs onto the thylakoid membrane to facilitate viral infection.

Jasmonic acid (JA) is a crucial hormone in plant antiviral immunity. Increasing evidence shows that viruses counter this host immune response by interfering with JA biosynthesis and signaling. However, the mechanism by which viruses affect JA biosynthesis is still largely unexplored.

Occurrence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, and Blastocystis sp. in captive wild animals in zoos in Henan, China.

Background: Captive wild animals in zoos infected with Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, and Blastocystis sp. can be sources of zoonotic infections and diseases.

Complete genome sequence of a putative novel ilarvirus isolated from Eleocharis dulcis.

The complete genomic sequence of a novel ilarvirus from Eleocharis dulcis, tentatively named "water chestnut virus A" (WCVA), was determined using next-generation sequencing (NGS) combined with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR. The three genomic RNA components of WCVA were 3578 (RNA1), 2873 (RNA2), and 2073 (RNA3) nucleotides long, with four predicted open reading frames containing conserved domains and motifs typical of ilarviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of each predicted protein consistently placed WCVA in subgroup 4 of the genus Ilarvirus, together with prune dwarf virus, viola white distortion associated virus, Fragaria chiloensis latent virus, and potato yellowing virus.

Ferredoxin 1 is downregulated by the accumulation of abscisic acid in an ABI5-dependent manner to facilitate rice stripe virus infection in Nicotiana benthamiana and rice.

Ferredoxin 1 (FD1) accepts and distributes electrons in the electron transfer chain of plants. Its expression is universally downregulated by viruses and its roles in plant immunity have been brought into focus over the past decade. However, the mechanism by which viruses regulate FD1 remains to be defined.

Genome-Wide Identification Reveals That Hypersensitive Response (HR)-Like Lesion Inducing Protein 4 (NbHRLI4) Mediates Cell Death and Salicylic Acid-Dependent Defense Responses to Turnip Mosaic Virus.

Hypersensitive response (HR)-like cell death is an important mechanism that mediates the plant response to pathogens. In our previous study, we reported that NbHIR3s regulate HR-like cell death and basal immunity. However, the host genes involved in HR have rarely been studied.

Genetic characteristics of Giardia duodenalis from sheep in Inner Mongolia, China.

Giardia duodenalis is an important zoonotic pathogen for both human and animal health. Although there have been reports on G. duodenalis infections in animals all over the world, information regarding the prevalence and genetic characteristics of G.

Morphological and molecular characterization of Cystoisospora yuensis n. sp. and Cystoisospora rastegaievae (Protozoa: Eimeriidae) in amur hedgehogs, Erinaceus amurensis (Schrenk, 1859).

Twenty-four fecal samples were collected from captive amur hedgehogs (Erinaceus amurensis) in Zhengzhou, China. Based on morphological and molecular analysis, the overall prevalence of Cystoisospora was 62.5% (15/24).

Complete genome sequence of a new achyranthes virus A isolate from Achyranthes bidentata in China.

We have determined the complete genomic sequence of a potyvirus from Achyranthes bidentata in Zhejiang, China, using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR. The genomic RNA is 9482 nucleotides (nt) long excluding the 3'-terminal poly(A) tail and encodes a putative large polyprotein with 3073 amino acids (aa). It has 75.

Rice stripe virus coat protein induces the accumulation of jasmonic acid, activating plant defence against the virus while also attracting its vector to feed.

The jasmonic acid (JA) pathway plays crucial roles in plant defence against pathogens and herbivores. Rice stripe virus (RSV) is the type member of the genus Tenuivirus. It is transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH) and causes damaging epidemics in East Asia.

A single amino acid in coat protein of Pepper mild mottle virus determines its subcellular localization and the chlorosis symptom on leaves of pepper.

Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) causes serious economic losses in pepper production in China. In a survey for viral diseases on pepper, two PMMoV isolates (named PMMoV-ZJ1 and PMMoV-ZJ2) were identified with different symptoms in Zhejiang province. Sequence alignment analysis suggested there were only four amino acid differences between the isolates: Val262Gly, Ile629Met and Ala1164Thr in the replicase, and Asp20Asn in the coat protein.

NbALD1 mediates resistance to turnip mosaic virus by regulating the accumulation of salicylic acid and the ethylene pathway in Nicotiana benthamiana.

AGD2-LIKE DEFENCE RESPONSE PROTEIN 1 (ALD1) triggers plant defence against bacterial and fungal pathogens by regulating the salicylic acid (SA) pathway and an unknown SA-independent pathway. We now show that Nicotiana benthamiana ALD1 is involved in defence against a virus and that the ethylene pathway also participates in ALD1-mediated resistance. NbALD1 was up-regulated in plants infected with turnip mosaic virus (TuMV).