Acute febrile illness (AFI) and severe neurological disorders (SNDs) often present diagnostic challenges due to their potential origins from a wide range of infectious agents. Nanopore metagenomics is emerging as a powerful tool for identifying the microorganisms potentially responsible for these undiagnosed clinical cases. In this study, we aim to shed light on the etiological agents underlying AFI and SND cases that conventional diagnostic methods have not been able to fully elucidate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study focuses on urban arboviruses, specifically dengue (DENV), chikungunya (CHIKV), and Zika (ZIKV), which pose a significant public health challenge in Rio de Janeiro state, Southeast Brazil. In our research, we highlight critical findings on the transmission dynamics of these arboviruses in Rio de Janeiro, identifying distinct patterns of disease spread.
Methods: By combining genomic data with case reports from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, we have analysed the phylogenetics, prevalence and spatial distribution of these endemic viruses within the state.
Dengue fever is among the most significant public health concerns in Brazil. To date, the highest number of Dengue notifications in the Americas has been reported in Brazil, with cases accounting for a total number of 3,418,796 reported cases as of mid-December 2022. Furthermore, the northeastern region of Brazil registered the second-highest incidence of Dengue fever in 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant challenges for genomic surveillance strategies in public health systems worldwide. During the past thirty-four months, many countries faced several epidemic waves of SARS-CoV-2 infections, driven mainly by the emergence and spread of novel variants. In that line, genomic surveillance has been a crucial toolkit to study the real-time SARS-CoV-2 evolution, for the assessment and optimization of novel diagnostic assays, and to improve the efficacy of existing vaccines.
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