Phacoemulsification outcomes in Boston terriers as compared to non-Boston terriers: a retrospective study (2002-2015).

Objectives: To compare visual outcome and cause of blindness between two groups of dogs undergoing phacoemulsification.

Animals Studied: Study population consisted of 35 Boston terriers (BT; 70 eyes) and 77 non-Boston terriers (NBT; 154 eyes) that underwent bilateral phacoemulsification surgery.

Procedures: Medical records were reviewed to determine visual outcome, complications leading to blindness and follow-up.

RABIES SURVEILLANCE AMONG BATS IN TENNESSEE, USA, 1996-2010.

Rabies virus (RABV) infects multiple bat species in the Americas, and enzootic foci perpetuate in bats principally via intraspecific transmission. In recent years, bats have been implicated in over 90% of human rabies cases in the US. In Tennessee, two human cases of rabies have occurred since 1960: one case in 1994 associated with a tricolored bat (Perimyotis subflavus) RABV variant and another in 2002 associated with the tricolored/silver-haired bat (P.

Estimating the time of death in domestic canines.

Because 36.1% of U.S.

Clinical and echocardiographic findings of pulmonary artery stenosis in seven cats.

Objectives: Describe the clinical, electrocardiographic (ECG), radiographic and echocardiographic findings in cats with isolated pulmonary artery stenosis. Assess the usefulness of systolic and diastolic Doppler measurements at predicting stenosis severity.

Background: Pulmonary artery stenosis is an infrequent congenital cardiac defect in humans that has not been reported in cats.

Signalment, clinical signs, and prognostic indicators associated with high-grade second- or third-degree atrioventricular block in dogs: 124 cases (January 1, 1997-December 31, 1997).

Objective: To evaluate signalment, clinical signs, and prognosis associated with high-grade second- or third-degree atrioventricular block (AVB) in dogs.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 124 dogs.

Moving: characteristics of dogs and cats and those relinquishing them to 12 U.S. animal shelters.

The National Council on Pet Population Study and Policy Regional Shelter Survey identified moving as the most often cited of 71 reasons for relinquishing dogs and the 3rd most common reason for relinquishing cats. Most relinquished companion animals were less than 3 years old and female. Dogs were most often intact, whereas cats were most often altered.

Birth and death rate estimates of cats and dogs in U.S. households and related factors.

Studies report variable factors associated with dog and cat surpluses in the United States. Estimates of cat and dog birth and death rates help understand the problem. This study collected data through a commercial survey company, distributing questionnaires to 7,399 cat- and dog-owning households (HHs) in 1996.

Double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical field trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of topically applied 1% diclofenac liposomal cream for the relief of lameness in horses.

A topical 1% diclofenac liposomal cream proved to be safe, easy to use, and effective in reducing equine lameness caused by degenerative joint disease. Diclofenac liposomal cream was shown to reduce lameness as graded by owners and veterinarians, regardless of the severity or chronicity of the clinical condition. Topical application allowed for more convenient administration than oral or injectable agents, and no clinically relevant hematologic or serum biochemical changes were noted.

Fatal Clostridium botulinum toxicosis in eleven Holstein cattle fed round bale barley haylage.

Twenty-two lactating Holstein cattle in Tennessee had clinical signs of intoxication with preformed Clostridium botulinum toxin. These signs included weakness, paralysis of the tongue and chest muscles, abdominal breathing, and, in 11 of the 22 cows, death. Differential diagnoses included hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, carbohydrate overload, and several toxicoses including mycotoxin, lead, nitrate, organophosphate, atropine or atropine-like alkaloid, and botulism.

Fatal privet (Ligustrum amurease) toxicosis in Tennessee cows.

Five of 24 cows pastured in a 40-acre field in east Tennessee died after they consumed leaves from a privet (Ligustrum amurease) hedge. Clinical findings included ataxia, recumbency with an inability to stand, depression, greenish nasal discharge, cessation of rumination, normal body temperature, and increased heart and respiratory rates. Differential diagnoses included grass tetany, nitrate toxicosis, and plant toxicosis.

Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) toxicosis in cattle.

Four of approximately 15 dry cows introduced on a 10-acre fescue-clover-orchard grass-Dallis grass pasture in East Tennessee became recumbent. Clinical findings included depression, muscle tremors, increased heart and respiratory rates, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperkalemia, azotemia, and elevated creatinine phosphokinase. Three cows recovered; 1 died.

Results of a survey to assess knowledge and expectations of veterinarians and their clients regarding heartworm preventives and vaccinations in dogs.

Objective: To determine the knowledge and expectations of veterinarians and clients regarding heartworm preventives and annual vaccinations for dogs.

Design: Practitioner and client survey.

Sample Population: 435 veterinarians and 1,805 clients.

Acute toxicosis in cattle sprayed with endosulfan.

Two cattle died acutely after being sprayed for lice control with a cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide, endosulfan, not labelled for use in cattle. Three other cattle became acutely ill, but survived after symptomatic therapy and removal of the insecticide from their skin and prevention of enterohepatic circulation. These cases illustrated the risk of acute toxicosis when organochlorine insecticides are used off-label and the potential for illegal tissue and milk residues.

Suspected buttercup (Ranunculus bulbosus) toxicosis with secondary photosensitization in a Charolais heifer.

A presumptive diagnosis of buttercup toxicosis with photosensitization secondary to hepatotoxicity was made in an 18-mo-old Charolais heifer. The differential diagnosis included salmonellosis, aflatoxicosis, bovine virus diarrhea, internal parasite infestation, and plant toxicosis with either primary or secondary photosensitization. All these possibilities were excluded except buttercup toxicosis with photosensitization secondary to hepatotoxicity.

Peroxide Stability in Shortening: A Useful Reference Material.

Vegetable shortening was studied to determine if its peroxide value was stable enough after storage for one year to be used as a quality control reference material. Shortening samples were deliberately oxidized to contain low, medium, and high levels of peroxide and were then stored at 4°C for one year. Peroxide value was measured approximately every 14 d during this year.

Antibiotic resistance patterns of gram-negative bacteria isolated from environmental sources.

A total of 2,445 gram-negative bacteria belonging to fecal coliform, Pseudomonas, Moraxella, Acinetobacter, and Flavobacterium-Cytophaga groups were isolated from the rivers and bay of Tillamook, Oregon, and their resistances to chloramphenicol (25 microgram/ml), streptomycin (10 microgram/ml), ampicillin (10 microgram/ml), tetracycline (25 microgram/ml), chlortetracycline (25 microgram/ml), oxytetracycline (25 microgram/ml), neomycin (50 microgram/ml), nitrofurazone (12.5 microgram/ml), nalidixic acid (25 microgram/ml), kanamycin (25 microgram/ml), and penicillin G (10 IU/ml) were determined. Among fecal coliforms the bay isolates showed greater resistance to antibiotics than those from tributaries or surface runoff.

Suspected infectious necrotic hepatitis (black disease) in Oregon cattle.

Suspected infectious necrotic hepatitis (black disease) in a herd of 436 cattle in Douglas County, Oregon, resulted in 79 deaths during a 2-week period. Although Clostridium novyi could not be isolated from hepatic lesions, the clinical course of the disease, gross and histopathologic findings, and fluorescent antibody identification of C novyi in various tissues were suggestive of the disease. The epizootic was preceded by a long drought, during which grazing conditions were sparse.