Efficacy and safety of IDH inhibitors in IDH-mutated cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 4 randomized controlled trials.

Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) inhibitors have shown great promise in the treatment of cancers with IDH mutations. There have been numerous clinical trials conducted on IDH inhibitors, and to evaluate their efficacy and safety, we aim to perform a meta-analysis.

Methods: To gather data on the efficacy and safety of IDH inhibitors for IDH-mutated cancers, we systematically searched through databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library.

Exploring causal correlations between inflammatory cytokines and colorectal cancer: A 2-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global public health concern. Several observational studies have examined the association between inflammatory cytokines and the risk of colorectal cancer, but the findings have been inconsistent. In this study, we employed a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, primarily using the inverse variance weighted approach, to investigate the causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and CRC.

A causal association between esophageal cancer and the oral microbiome: a Mendelian randomization study based on an Asian population.

Background: Previous studies have suggested a crosstalk between the oral microbiome and esophageal cancer (EC), but the exact relationship is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between changes in the oral microbiome and EC by Mendelian randomization (MR).

Materials And Methods: In the study, bidirectional MR analyses were conducted using genome-wide association study data from the oral microbiomes from the 4D-SZ cohort and EC data from the BioBank Japan cohort.

Construction and validation of the prognostic nomogram model for patients with diffuse-type gastric cancer based on the SEER database.

Objective: The prognostic factors of diffuse GC patients were screened the prognostic nomogram was constructed, and the prediction accuracy was verified.

Methods: From 2006 to 2018, there were 2877 individuals pathologically diagnosed with diffuse gastric cancer; the clinicopathological features of these patients were obtained from the SEER database & randomly divided into a training cohort (1439) & validation cohort (1438).To create prognostic nomograms & choose independent prognostic indicators to predict the overall survival (OS) of 1, 3, & 5 years, log-rank & multivariate COX analysis were utilized & discrimination ability of nomogram prediction using consistency index and calibration curve.

Genomic Profiling Reveals Immune-Related Gene Differences in Lung Cancer Patients Stratified by PD1/PDL1 Expression: Implications for Immunotherapy Efficacy.

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of global cancer-related mortality, and the exploration of innovative therapeutic approaches, such as PD1/PDL1 immunotherapy, is critical. This study leverages comprehensive data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to investigate the differential expression of PD1/PDL1 in lung cancer patients and explores its implications. Clinical data, RNA expression, somatic mutations, and copy number variations of 1017 lung cancer patients were obtained from TCGA.

Efficacy and safety of atropine at different concentrations in prevention of myopia progression in Asian children: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Aim: To assess the efficacy versus the adverse effects of various concentrations of atropine in the prevention of myopia in Asian children.

Methods: Databases (PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and Web of science) were comprehensively searched from inception to April 2022. Types of studies included were randomized clinical trials (RCTs).

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Uncover the Differential Mechanism in Saline-Alkaline Tolerance between and Rice at the Seedling Stage.

Saline-alkaline stress is one of the major damages that severely affects rice ( L.) growth and grain yield; however, the mechanism of the tolerance remains largely unknown in rice. Herein, we comparatively investigated the transcriptome and metabolome of two contrasting rice subspecies genotypes, Luohui 9 (abbreviation for Chao2R under study, ssp.

Differential analysis of aqueous humor cytokine levels in patients with macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy or retinal vein occlusion.

Aim: To evaluate the difference and the correlation between the concentrations of cytokines in the aqueous humor of eyes with macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy (DR) or retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: This is a retrospective case control study. The aqueous humor samples were collected during intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for patients diagnosed with macular edema secondary to DR (DME) or RVO (RVO-ME) at Xijing Hospital from August 2021 to July 2022.

Single Exosome Amperometric Measurements Reveal Encapsulation of Chemical Messengers for Intercellular Communication.

In multicellular organisms, cells typically communicate by sending and receiving chemical signals. Chemical messengers involved in the exocytosis of neuroendocrine cells or neurons are generally assumed to only originate from the fusing of intracellular large dense core vesicles (LDCVs) or synaptic vesicles with the cellular membrane following stimulation. Accumulated evidence suggests that exosomes─one of the main extracellular vesicles (EVs)─carrying cell-dependent DNA, mRNA, proteins, etc.

Effect of exercise and antioxidant supplementation on cellular lipid peroxidation in elderly individuals: Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

The viewpoints of previous studies on the correlation between exercise and cellular lipid peroxidation are contradictory from many perspectives and lack evidence for elder individuals. A new systematic review with network meta-analysis is necessary and will have significant practical value to provide high-quality evidence in the development of exercise protocols and an evidence-based guide for antioxidant supplementation for the elderly. To identify the cellular lipid peroxidation induced by different types of exercise, with or without antioxidant supplementation, in elderly individuals.

Potentiometric pH Nanosensor for Intracellular Measurements: Real-Time and Continuous Assessment of Local Gradients.

We present a pH nanosensor conceived for single intracellular measurements. The sensing architecture consisted of a two-electrode system evaluated in the potentiometric mode. We used solid-contact carbon nanopipette electrodes tailored to produce both the indicator (pH nanosensor) and reference electrodes.

Quantifying Intracellular Single Vesicular Catecholamine Concentration with Open Carbon Nanopipettes to Unveil the Effect of L-DOPA on Vesicular Structure.

Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of exocytosis is essential for uncovering the pathologies of neuronal disorders and developing related pharmaceuticals. In this work intracellular vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry (IVIEC) measurements with different-sized (50-500 nm radius) open carbon nanopipettes (CNPs) were performed to quantify the vesicular content and release kinetics of specific vesicle populations grouped by orifice sizes. Intracellular vesicles with radius below 100 nm were captured and narrowed between 50 and 100 nm.

UDP--Acetylglucosamine Pyrophosphorylase 2 (UAP2) and 1 (UAP1) Perform Synergetic Functions for Leaf Survival in Rice.

Functional inactivation of UDP--acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase 1 (UAP1) induces defense response-related lesion-mimic spots and subsequent early senescence in every newly grown leaf of the rice mutant after a short period's normal growth. However, the molecular mechanism of these leaves sustaining the short period's survival is still unknown. Phenotypic and molecular studies show that defense response-related lesion-mimic spots and early leaf senescence appear on the normally grown leaf and aggravate with the growth time.

Electrochemical Measurements Reveal Reactive Oxygen Species in Stress Granules*.

Stress granules (SGs) are membrane-less organelles that assemble in the cytoplasm to organize cellular contents and promote rapid adaptation during stress. To understand how SGs contribute to physiological functions, we used electrochemical measurements to detect electroactive species in SGs. With amperometry, we discovered that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are encapsulated inside arsenite-induced SGs, and H O is the main species.

Thin layer cell behavior of CNT yarn and cavity carbon nanopipette electrodes: Effect on catecholamine detection.

Carbon nanotube yarn microelectrodes (CNTYMEs) are an alternative to carbon-fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) with interesting electrochemical properties because analyte is momentarily trapped in cavities between the CNTs. Here, we compare fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) detection of catecholamines, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, at CNTYMEs, CFMEs, as well as cavity carbon nanopipette electrodes (CNPEs). At CFMEs, current decreases dramatically at high FSCV repetition frequencies.

Correlating Molecule Count and Release Kinetics with Vesicular Size Using Open Carbon Nanopipettes.

In this work, open carbon nanopipettes (CNPs) with radius between 50 and 600 nm were used to control translocation of different-sized vesicles through the pipette orifice followed by nanoelectrochemical analysis. Vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry (VIEC) was used to determine the number of catecholamine molecules expelled from single vesicles onto an inner-wall carbon surface, where the duration of transmitter release was quantified and correlated to the vesicle size all in the same nanotip. This in turn allowed us to both size and count molecules for vesicles in a living cell.

In situ homogeneous formation of Au@AgNPs for the rapid determination of formaldehyde residues by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with microhydrodistillation.

The reaction of formaldehyde (HCHO) with the solution containing Au nanoparticles and [Ag(NH)] through Tollens' reaction is described to form Au@Ag nanoparticles (Au@AgNPs), which are used as a SERS enhancement material. A minimized hydrodistillation device with air condense is designed to obtain a clean aqueous background for SERS analysis and simplified pretreatment process. A good linear relationship is found between the SERS signals and the concentration of HCHO in the range 0.

Resistive-Pulse Sensing Inside Single Living Cells.

Resistive-pulse sensing is a technique widely used to detect single nanoscopic entities such as nanoparticles and large molecules that can block the ion current flow through a nanopore or a nanopipette. Although the species of interest, e.g.

Dendritic fibrous nano-silica & titania (DFNST) spheres as novel cataluminescence sensing materials for the detection of diethyl ether.

Selective and controllable cataluminescence (CTL) sensors for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are significant for chemical safety, environmental monitoring, health effects on human beings, and so forth. Most of the exploited CTL-based sensors suffer relatively low response and poor selectivity because of their high sensitivities to interferential substances. In this investigation, dendritic fibrous nano-silica & titania (DFNST) spheres have been synthesized as novel sensing materials and the corresponding DFNST-based CTL sensor has been fabricated to detect diethyl ether with high selectivity a method of utilizing one 440 nm bandpass filter.

Electrochemical Resistive-Pulse Sensing.

Resistive-pulse sensing with biological or solid-state nanopores and nanopipettes has been widely employed in detecting single molecules and nanoparticles. The analytical signal in such experiments is the change in ionic current caused by the molecule/particle translocation through the pipet orifice. This paper describes a new version of the resistive-pulse technique based on the use of carbon nanopipettes (CNP).

Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite on Graphene Supports for Biomedical Applications: A Review.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely used in fields of materials science, tissue engineering, biomedicine, energy and environmental science, and analytical science due to its simple preparation, low-cost, and high biocompatibility. To overcome the weak mechanical properties of pure HA, various reinforcing materials were incorporated with HA to form high-performance composite materials. Due to the unique structural, biological, electrical, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties, graphene has exhibited great potentials for supporting the biomimetic synthesis of HA.

Ultrasensitive Detection of Dopamine with Carbon Nanopipets.

Carbon fiber micro- and nanoelectrodes have been extensively used to measure dopamine and other neurotransmitters in biological systems. Although the radii of some reported probes were ≪1 μm, the lengths of the exposed carbon were typically on the micrometer scale, thus limiting the spatial resolution of electroanalytical measurements. Recent attempts to determine neurotransmitters in single cells and vesicles have provided additional impetus for decreasing the probe dimensions.

Improving the size uniformity of dendritic fibrous nano-silica by a facile one-pot rotating hydrothermal approach.

Dendritic fibrous nano-silica (DFNS), also well-known as KCC-1, possesses three-dimensional center-radial nanochannels and hierarchical nanopores. Compared with conventional mesoporous materials like SBA-15, these special structural characteristics endow DFNS with more accessible internal space, higher specific surface area, larger pore volume, Even though great progress has been achieved, the as-prepared KCC-1 nanospheres exhibit extremely non-uniform diameters and their sizes differ enormously in almost all available traditional synthesis approaches. Herein, a facile and low-cost one-pot rotating hydrothermal approach is adopted to improve the size uniformity of dendritic fibrous nano-silica.

Correlation of MicroRNA 17-92 Cluster Host Gene (MIR17HG) Polymorphisms With Susceptibility and Prognosis for Multiple Myeloma.

Purpose: To explore the correlation of MIR17HG polymorphism with susceptibility and prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM).

Patients And Methods: A total of 217 MM patients treated with high-dose melphalan combined with autologous peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation at our hospital were enrolled as the case group, and 220 healthy people were included as the control group. Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX Gold single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping was used to detect polymorphisms of MIR17HG, including rs7336610, rs17735387, rs4284505, and rs1428.