Symbiotic bacterial communities and carbon metabolic profiles of Acropora coral with varying health status under thermal stress.

Thermal-induced coral bleaching has received substantial research attention; however, the dynamics of symbiotic coral-associated bacterial communities are underexplored and the roles of coral with intermediate health status remain unclear. Using high-throughput sequencing and biochemical analyses, we found that the symbiotic zooxanthellae number gradually decreased with the increase of bleaching degree (non-bleached, semi-bleached, and fully-bleached) in the coral Acropora pruinosa. The semi-bleached host exhibited a relatively more complex microbial interaction network.

Essential aspects of the CFD software modelling of biomass gasification processes in downdraft reactors.

Mathematical modelling and simulation of gasification processes are increasingly used in the scientific field. This review explores the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in modeling biomass gasification processes in downdraft gasifiers. It discusses the different types of gasification agents used, the composition of syngas, and key operational parameters influencing the process.

The micro-ecological feature of colonies is a potential strategy for Phaeocystis globosa bloom formation.

Phaeocystis globosa is among the dominant microalgae associated with harmful algal blooms. P. globosa has a polymorphic life cycle and its ecological success has been attributed to algal colony formation, however, few studies have assessed differences in microbial communities and their functional profiles between intra- and extra-colonies during P.

Analysis of Pickled Cucumber Products, Based on Microbial Diversity and Flavor Substance Detection.

Changes to the microbial community during pickled cucumber fermentation were studied using the 16S rDNA technique. The changes of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during pickled cucumber fermentation were studied by gas chromatograph-ion mobility spectrometry. At the phylum level, and were the dominant flora in the natural fermentation group, and were the dominant flora in the added-bacteria fermentation group.

Mitigation of -induced coral bleaching through bacterial dysbiosis prevention by .

species are prevalent in ocean ecosystems, particularly , and pose a threat to corals and other marine organisms under global warming conditions. While microbiota manipulation is considered for coral disease management, understanding the role of commensal bacteria in stress resilience remains limited. Here, a single bacterial species () rather than a consortium of native was used to combat pathogenic and protect corals from bleaching.

Host Recognition and Specific Infection of during Early Infection.

Coevolution between the pathogen and host plant drives pathogenic effector diversity. However, the molecular mechanism behind host-specific pathogenesis remains to be explored. Here, we present a 43 Mb whole-genome sequence of strain LS29, a host-specific pathogen of the common subtropical tree .

Integrated metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses reveal bacterial micro-ecological mechanisms in coral bleaching.

Coral reefs worldwide are facing rapid decline due to coral bleaching. However, knowledge of the physiological characteristics and molecular mechanisms of coral symbionts respond to stress is scarce. Here, metagenomic and metaproteomic approaches were utilized to shed light on the changes in the composition and functions of coral symbiotic bacteria during coral bleaching.

The influence of tide-brought nutrients on microbial carbon metabolic profiles of mangrove sediments.

Mangrove ecosystems in the intertidal zone are continually affected by tidal inundation, but the impact of tidal-driven nutrient inputs upon bacterial communities and carbon metabolic features in mangrove surface sediments remains underexplored, and the differences in such impacts across backgrounds are not known. Here, two mangrove habitats with contrasting nutrient backgrounds in Shenzhen Bay and Daya Bay in Shenzhen City, China, respectively, were studied to investigate the effects of varying tidal nutrient inputs (especially dissolved inorganic nitrogen and PO-P) on bacterial community composition and functioning in sediment via field sampling, 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing, and the quantitative potential of microbial element cycling. Results showed that tidal input increased Shenzhen Bay mangrove's eutrophication level whereas it maintained the Daya Bay mangrove's relatively oligotrophic status.

Interactions between quorum sensing/quorum quenching and virulence genes may affect coral health by regulating symbiotic bacterial community.

Quorum sensing (QS) and quorum quenching (QQ) are two antagonistic processes that may regulate the composition, function and structure of bacterial community. In coral holobiont, autoinducers signaling mediate the communication pathways between interspecies and intraspecies bacteria, which regulate the expression of the virulence factors that can damage host health. However, under environmental stressors, the interaction between the QS/QQ gene and virulence factors and their role in the bacterial communities and coral bleaching is still not fully clear.

Bacterial Communities Vary from Different Scleractinian Coral Species and between Bleached and Non-Bleached Corals.

Bleaching is one of the most relevant factors implicated in the integrity of coral reef ecosystems, with the increasing frequency and intensity of damaging events representing a serious threat to reef biodiversity. Here, we analyzed changes in coral-associated bacteria from three types of non-bleached and bleached scleractinian corals (Acropora digitifera, Galaxea fascicularis, and Porites pukoensis) in Hainan Luhuitou peninsula coastal areas. The community structure of symbiotic bacteria differed significantly among the three apparently healthy corals.

Microbial community composition and metabolic potential during a succession of algal blooms from sp. to sp.

Elucidating the interactions between algal and microbial communities is essential for understanding the dynamic mechanisms regulating algal blooms in the marine environment. Shifts in bacterial communities when a single species dominates algal blooms have been extensively investigated. However, bacterioplankton community dynamics during bloom succession when one algal species shift to another is still poorly understood.

Virome reveals effect of Ulva prolifera green tide on the structural and functional profiles of virus communities in coastal environments.

Viruses are widely distributed in marine environments, where they influence the transformation of matter and energy by modulating host metabolism. Driven by eutrophication, green tides are a rising concern in Chinese coastal areas, and are a serious ecological disaster that negatively affects coastal ecosystems and disrupts biogeochemical cycles. Although the composition of bacterial communities in green algae has been investigated, the diversity and roles of viruses in green algal blooms are largely unexplored.

Analysis of Microbial Diversity and Metabolites in Sauerkraut Products with and without Microorganism Addition.

The microbial compositions and metabolites of fermented sauerkraut with and without the addition of microorganisms have been compared. The OTU clustering, nonvolatile compounds, volatile compounds and associations between bacterial taxa and metabolites were analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology, ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), gas chromatography ion mobility mass spectrometry (GC-IMS) and the O2PLS model studies. The results showed that at the phylum level, the microbial species in the four sauerkraut types consisted mainly of the phyla and , but different modes of microbial addition formed their own unique microbial communities.

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities associated with coral species have high host specificity in the South China Sea.

Reef-building corals are well known for their obligate association with Symbiodiniaceae, and an array of other microbes, including bacteria, fungi, and symbiotic algae (i.e., total microbiome), which together form the coral holobiont.

Bioorganic fertilizer promotes pakchoi growth and shapes the soil microbial structure.

As a functional probiotic, can promote crop growth and improve nutrient utilization by various mechanisms, so it has been made into bioorganic fertilizer as a replacement for chemical fertilizer. However, the effects of bioorganic fertilizer application on the yield and quality of commercial crops of L., the soil physicochemical properties and the microflora have not been clarified.

How does the urban-rural income gap affect regional environmental pollution?--Re-examination based on the experience of cities at prefecture level and above in China.

Based on the traditional "EKC" theory, this paper examines the impact of urban-rural income disparity on environmental pollution in Chinese cities above the prefecture level from 2005 to 2015 using nonlinear models and spatial correlation models and tests the mechanism of action from two perspectives: demand scale and human capital. The results show that the urban-rural income gap has an obvious "inverted U-shaped" trend on environmental pollution. Both demand size and human capital are the main mechanisms affecting the environmental pollution effect of the urban-rural income gap, and the marginal pollution effects of both are "negative first and then positive" as the urban-rural income gap widens.

[Research advances in communication interactions among the symbionts of "bacteria-zooxanthellae-coral"].

"Bacteria-zooxanthellae-coral" is a pair of typical triangular relationships in the marine ecosystem. There are complex flows of material, information, and energy in this system. The balance and stability of the symbionts is an important guarantee for maintaining the health of coral reef ecosystems.

The quorum sensing system of Novosphingobium sp. ERN07 regulates aggregate formation that promotes cyanobacterial growth.

Microbial aggregates play key roles in cyanobacterial blooms. Being a bacterial communication mechanism, quorum sensing (QS) synchronizes gene expression in a density-dependent manner and regulates bacterial physiological behavior. However, the regulatory role of QS in the formation of cyanobacteria-associated bacterial aggregates remains poorly understood.

Dynamic patterns of quorum sensing signals in phycospheric microbes during a marine algal bloom.

In the marine environment, the interactions among various species based on chemical signals play critical roles in influencing microbial structure and function. Quorum sensing (QS), the well-known signal-dependent communication autoinducer, is an important regulator in complex microbial communities. Here, we explored the QS gene profiles of phycosphere bacteria during a microcosmic phytoplankton bloom using metagenomic sequence data.

Detection of the microbial diversity and flavour components of northeastern Chinese soybean paste during storage.

A combination of 16S rDNA and GC-IMS was used to study the changes in the composition of microorganisms and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during the storage of northeastern Chinese soybean paste. Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota dominated the microbial communities of the soybean paste at the phylum level, bacterial profiles of different samples were different at genus level. Fifty-one VOCs were identified from soybean paste, most of which existed in the early storage stage.

Transcriptome analysis expands the potential roles of quorum sensing in biodegradation and physiological responses to microcystin.

Bacterial degradation is one of the most efficient ways to remove microcystins (MCs), the most frequently detected toxin in cyanobacterial blooms. Using Novosphingobium sp. ERW19 as a representative strain, our laboratory previously demonstrated that quorum sensing (QS), the cell density-dependent gene regulation system, positively regulates biodegradation of MCs via transcriptional activation of mlr-pathway-associated genes.

Co-production of acetoin and succinic acid by metabolically engineered Enterobacter cloacae.

Background: Renewable chemicals have attracted attention due to increasing interest in environmental concerns and resource utilization. Biobased production of industrial compounds from nonfood biomass has become increasingly important as a sustainable replacement for traditional petroleum-based production processes depending on fossil resources. Therefore, we engineered an Enterobacter cloacae budC and ldhA double-deletion strain (namely, EC∆budC∆ldhA) to redirect carbon fluxes and optimized the culture conditions to co-produce succinic acid and acetoin.

Neighboring trees regulate the root-associated pathogenic fungi on the host plant in a subtropical forest.

Root-associated fungi and host-specific pathogens are major determinants of species coexistence in forests. Phylogenetically related neighboring trees can strongly affect the fungal community structure of the host plant, which, in turn, will affect the ecological processes. Unfortunately, our understanding of the factors influencing fungal community composition in forests is still limited.

Screening of a highly inhibitor-tolerant bacterial strain for 2,3-BDO and organic acid production from non-detoxified corncob acid hydrolysate.

Fermentation of chemicals from lignocellulose hydrolysate is an effective way to alleviate environmental and energy problems. However, fermentation inhibitors in hydrolysate and weak inhibitor tolerance of microorganisms limit its development. In this study, atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutation technology was utilized to generate mutant strains of Enterobacter cloacae and screen for mutants with high inhibitor tolerance to acid hydrolysate of corncobs.