Development and current status of anti-reflux esophagogastrostomy after proximal gastrectomy: a literature review.

Background: The selection of an appropriate gastrointestinal (GI) reconstruction procedure after proximal gastrectomy (PG) has long been a challenge. Surgeons have had a long history of exploring anti-reflux gastroesophageal anastomosis. The aim of this article is to systematically summarize the anti-reflux principles of GI reconstructive procedures through a review of the previous literature and to provide a theoretical basis for clinicians to select or innovate procedures.

Pylorus-preserving gastrectomy for early gastric cancer.

Pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) has been widely accepted as a function-preserving gastrectomy for middle-third early gastric cancer (EGC) with a distal tumor border at least 4 cm proximal to the pylorus. The procedure essentially preserves the function of the pyloric sphincter, which requires to preserve the upper third of the stomach and a pyloric cuff at least 2.5 cm.

Identification of lncRNA and mRNA regulatory networks associated with gastric cancer progression.

Gastric cancer is a tumor type characterized by lymph node metastasis and the invasion of local tissues. There is thus a critical need to clarify the molecular mechanisms governing gastric cancer onset and progression to guide the treatment of this disease. Long non-coding RNAs and mRNA expression profiles associated with early and local advanced gastric cancer were examined through microarray analyses, with GO and KEGG analyses being employed as a means of exploring the functional roles of those long non-coding RNAs and mRNAs that were differentially expressed in gastric cancer.

Mechanical intestinal obstruction in underweight, elderly women due to an incarcerated obturator hernia.

Background: Obturator hernia is an infrequent pelvic hernia observed in elderly, emaciated and multiparous women. It often presents with nonspecific clinical symptoms, making it difficult to diagnose.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study on 11 patients admitted to our hospital for obturator hernia from 2009 to 2020.

Esophagus two-step-cut overlap method in esophagojejunostomy after laparoscopic gastrectomy.

Purpose: Esophagojejunostomy is a challenging step in laparoscopic gastrectomy. Although the overlap method is a safe and feasible approach for esophagojejunostomy, it has several technical limitations. We developed novel modifications for the overlap method to overcome these disadvantages.

Challenges surrounding postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for T2N0 gastric cancer.

Determining the requirement for adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage IB gastric cancer (GC), and particularly for those with stage T2N0 (muscularis propria) disease, remains challenging. Patients with stage II/III disease benefit from postoperative adjuvant therapy; however, the randomized trials examining whether such therapy affords any survival benefit to patients with T2N0 disease are not sufficient. Current evidence suggests that not all patients with T2N0 disease should undergo such treatment, but only those with a high risk.

Integrated Profiling Revealed Potential Regulatory Networks Among Long Noncoding RNAs and mRNAs in Mucosal Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer is one of the most commonly occurring cancers worldwide. Investigation of long noncoding RNAs is of increasing interest, particularly in relation to their contribution to progression and prognosis of gastric cancers; however, insufficient studies been performed investigating the part of long noncoding RNAs play in gastric cancer carcinogenesis. Patterns of dysregulated long noncoding RNA and messenger RNA between mucosa gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues were identified using long noncoding RNAs microarray analysis.

miR-557 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells by targeting EGFR.

Deregulation of microRNA has been suggested as a critical event in pancreatic cancer development and progression. Thus far, very little is known about the role of miR-557; therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate the potential role of miR-557 in pancreatic cancer. In the present study, we discovered that miR-557 expression was lowered in cancerous pancreatic tissue samples relative to non-cancerous adjacent controls, and when miR-557 was overexpressed we found that this promoted the apoptotic death of pancreatic cancer cells, suppressing their proliferation, invasion, and migration.

Small bowel metastasis from pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma causing intussusception: a case report.

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), especially primary pulmonary RMS, is an extremely rare type of soft tissue sarcoma in adults. Small bowel is an uncommon site for metastases.

Case Presentation: This report described an unusual case of jejunum metastasis from primary pulmonary RMS causing intussusception in a 75-year-old man.

Vascular anatomical variation in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy.

Laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision is gradually becoming the standard surgical approach in colon cancer therapy, the core element of which is central vascular ligation. However, this increases the difficulty for surgeons, particularly in the context of right colectomy, which encounters complex vascular anatomy. This study aimed to examine vascular variations that occur during laparoscopic right hemicolectomy through a review of the medical literature.

MicroRNA-31 triggers G/M cell cycle arrest, enhances the chemosensitivity and inhibits migration and invasion of human gastric cancer cells by downregulating the expression of zeste homolog 2 (ZH2).

Gastric cancer is the second most leading cause of cancer related mortality across the world over. Although the incidence of GC has declined to some extent but it is still the fourth highly diagnosed cancer across the world. GC generally remains undiagnosed till advanced stages due to unavailability of biomarkers and when diagnosed it becomes difficult to manage due to the lack of therapeutic targets and efficient chemotherapy.

Prognostic value of transducer of ErbB2.1 (TOB1) expression in patients with gastric cancer: tissue microarray analysis.

Background: Transducer of ErbB2.1 (TOB1) protein plays an important role in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis induction, and metastasis inhibition. However, the prognostic value of TOB1 in the survival of gastric cancer (GC) patients has not been examined.

Atypical presentation of a gastric stromal tumor masquerading as a giant intraabdominal cyst: A case report.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal neoplasms that arise in the gastrointestinal tract, accounting for ~1% of gastric malignancies. The present study reports the case of a GIST of the stomach in a 75-year-old man who presented with abdominal distension and anorexia for 1 month. Gastroscopy was unremarkable.

Small bowel adenocarcinoma in Lynch syndrome: A case report.

Small bowel adenocarcinoma is part of the tumor spectrum of Lynch syndrome, which is caused by germline mutations in the mismatch repair genes. The present study describes the case of a 51-year-old man fulfilling the Amsterdam II criteria for Lynch syndrome, who had a 15-mm early-stage colorectal cancer resected endoscopically from the ascending colon. Due to upper abdominal discomfort after eating and consequent anorexia, a computed tomography scan performed 1 month later showed a tumoral mass of the upper jejunum with local lymphadenopathy.

Clinicopathological significance of cytoplasmic transducer of ErbB2. 1 expression in gastric cancer.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of transducer of ErbB2. 1 (TOB1) in gastric carcinoma and to clarify the association between TOB1 expression and the clinical significance of this expression in patients with gastric carcinoma. Western blot analysis was performed to confirm the expression of TOB1 in gastric cancer.

Descending colo-colonic intussusception secondary to signet ring cell carcinoma: A case report.

The incidence of intussusception is low in adults, particularly in the descending colon, due to the anatomical attachment of the descending colon to the retroperitoneum. Signet ring cell histology represents ~1% of colon adenocarcinomas and is associated with young patients and a poor clinical outcome. The present study describes a case of descending colo-colonic intussusception caused by signet ring cell carcinoma in a 27-year-old male.

Long-term results of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for T3/T4 locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed head and neck malignancies. This study investigated the outcome of locally advanced NPC patients on concurrent intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF). A total of 226 patients with locally advanced NPC received IMRT, with a total dose of 65-70 Gy and concurrent chemotherapy, with 2 cycles of TPF administered during radiotherapy, between March, 2005 and March, 2007.

Cyclopamine increases the radiosensitivity of human pancreatic cancer cells by regulating the DNA repair signal pathway through an epidermal growth factor receptor‑dependent pathway.

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with a characteristic metastatic course of disease and resistance to conventional radiotherapy. As a result, the continual development of novel therapeutic agents is required to improve the current situation. In the present study, the effect of the hedgehog pathway inhibitor, cyclopamine, on cellular radiosensitivity was determined in K‑RASwt Colo‑357 and K‑RASmt SW‑1990 human pancreatic cancer cell lines using the clonogenic survival assay.

Overexpression of TOB1 confers radioprotection to bronchial epithelial cells through the MAPK/ERK pathway.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of antiproliferative transducer of erbB2, 1 (TOB1) on the radiosensitivity of the normal human bronchial epithelial cell line HBE. After exposure to different doses of irradiation or a certain dose for different time intervals, the expression of TOB1 mRNA and protein in HBE cells was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Liposome-induced recombinant plasmid transfection and G418 selection were performed to establish a stably transfected TOB1-overexpressing HBE cell line.

Enhanced radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells by transducer of erbB2.1 (TOB1) through modulation of the MAPK/ERK pathway.

Transducer of erbB2.1 (TOB1) is a member of the B-cell translocation gene (BTG)/transducer of erbB2 (TOB) anti‑proliferative protein family. Previous studies have demonstrated that overexpression of TOB1 significantly enhances the radiosensitivity of breast and cervical cancer cells.