The role of autophagy regulated by the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and innate lymphoid cells in eosinophilic chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and autophagy are important physiological processes. But their roles in eCRSwNP remains controversial.

Methods: In this study, we used the eCRSwNP mouse model, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors, and autophagy inhibitors and activators to investigate the regulatory effects of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway on autophagy, and their effects on eosinophilic inflammation, and tissue remodeling.

Role of autophagy and mitophagy of group 2 innate lymphoid cells in allergic and local allergic rhinitis.

Background: Roles of ILC2s in allergic rhinitis (AR) and local allergic rhinitis (LAR) are unclear. In this study, we are determined to find the levels of autophagy and mitophagy of ILC2s in allergic nasal inflammation.

Methods: ELISA was used to detect type 2 inflammatory cytokines.

Induction chemotherapy reduces target volume drift in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing adaptive intensity-modulated radiotherapy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) provides real-time correction of the target and dose of radiation based on repeat computed tomography (CT) imaging and replanning during intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and is important for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, repeat CT imaging and replanning are time-consuming and hinder the broader application of ART. The optimum dose and frequency of replanning time have been published in previous reports.

The Roles of Autophagy, Mitophagy, and the Akt/mTOR Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

The pathogenesis of CRSwNP is complex and unclear. CRSwNP is subdivided into two types based on the infiltration of EOSs: eCRSwNP and noeCRSwNP. This study was designed to seek the role of autophagy, mitophagy, and Akt/mTOR pathway in these two subtypes of CRSwNP.

The Role of CD40 in Allergic Rhinitis and Airway Remodelling.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects millions of people and is lack of effective treatment. CD40 is an important costimulatory molecule in immunity. However, few studies have focused on the role of CD40 in AR.

Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis accompanied by allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: A case report and literature review.

Background: Concomitant allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) are extremely rare, with no more than 20 cases reported in the English literature.

Case Summary: A 52-year-old female patient complained of right-sided nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, sneezing, epistaxis, and hyposmia for a period of around 5 mo. Nasal examination detected paleness and edema of the nasal mucous membrane and a polyp in the right middle meatus.

Successful treatment of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis caused by : A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (IFR) caused by is very rare but has an extremely high fatality rate. There have been only seven cases of IFR caused by reported in English and, of these, only three patients survived. In this article, we present another case of IFR caused by , in which the patient was initially treated successfully but then deteriorated due to a relapse of leukemia 2 mo later.

The role of local allergy in the nasal inflammation.

Local allergic inflammation (LAI) is recognized recently. 'entopy' was used to define LAI, which was positively correlated with allergen provocation testing, local sIgE up-regulation, inflammatory mediator secretion, and a lack of systemic allergy. The study of LAI is in its infancy and focuses mainly on the respiratory system.

Different roles of enterotoxin in different subtypes of nasal polyps.

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a multifactorial disease. The pathogenesis of CRSwNP remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the role of inflammation and enterotoxin (SE) in this disease.

A case report of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the neck: A focus on the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) of the neck are rare, with only a few patients reported in the literature. The present study discusses the clinical manifestations, radiographic characteristics and management of these tumors, with a focus on imaging modalities. A case of IMT of the neck is presented and the associated literature is reviewed.

Objective assessment of persistent rhinitis in Chinese and its relationship with serum indicators.

Persistent rhinitis (PR) is a chronic disease that affects millions of people. However, it lacks of a useful method, which can indicate the actual severity of the inflammation in PR patients. This study was designed to seek an examination which could reflect the actual severity of PR disease.

Effect of the vascular endothelial growth factor expression level on angiopoietin-2-mediated nasopharyngeal carcinoma growth.

Background: The overexpression of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) has both pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic effects. However, the mechanisms of this protein's dual effects are poorly understood, and it remains unclear how Ang-2 cooperates with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In the current study, we investigated the effects of Ang-2 overexpression on nasopharyngeal carcinoma growth in the presence of different levels of VEGF.

Differentiating laryngeal carcinomas from precursor lesions by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0 T: a preliminary study.

Background: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) has been introduced in head and neck cancers. Due to limitations in the performance of laryngeal DWI, including the complex anatomical structure of the larynx leading to susceptibility effects, the value of DWI in differentiating benign from malignant laryngeal lesions has largely been ignored. We assessed whether a threshold for the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was useful in differentiating preoperative laryngeal carcinomas from precursor lesions by turbo spin-echo (TSE) DWI and 3.

Giant osteomas of the ethmoid and frontal sinuses: Clinical characteristics and review of the literature.

Giant osteomas of the ethmoid and frontal sinuses ary very rare, with only a few dozen cases reported in the literature. Given their rarity, the clinical characteristics and treatment of this disease remain controversial. In this study, the clinical presentation and surgical methods used to treat three patients with giant osteomas of the ethmoid and frontal sinuses are described, combined with a review of the literature from 1975 to 2011.

Serum eosinophil cationic protein level in Chinese subjects with nonallergic and local allergic rhinitis and its relation to the severity of disease.

Background: Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is a common disease, and local allergic rhinitis (LAR) is a newly described entity that is called "entopy" in recent years. However, the etiology and incidence of NAR and LAR are uncertain. This study evaluates the incidence of LAR in Chinese subjects and serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels in patients with NAR and LAR and its relationship with symptom scores.

Isolated inverting papilloma of the sphenoid sinus: clinical presentations, imaging manifestations, and therapeutic strategies.

Background: Isolated inverting papilloma (IP) of the sphenoid sinus is rare, with about 50 patients reported in the English-language literature. With its rarity, scientists have paid less attention to the clinical and radiographic characteristics of isolated IPs arising from the sphenoid sinus.

Methods: We describe the clinical presentation, imaging manifestations, and surgical methods of isolated IPs from the sphenoid sinus in 3 patients and review the English-language literature from 1970 to 2011.

Computed tomography and pathological findings of five nasal neurilemmomas.

Objectives: Neurilemmomas are benign tumors deriving from Schwann cells of the nerve sheath. They occur in all parts of the body. The highest incidence of neurilemmoma is in the head and neck region (38-45%), but involvement of the nose and paranasal sinus is quite rare, with only sporadic cases having been reported in the world literature.

Expression of Glut-1, HIF-1α, PI3K and p-Akt in a case of ceruminous adenoma.

Objectives: Ceruminous adenoma of the external auditory canal (EAC) is a rare type of tumour that is diagnosed histologically. However, the clinical behaviour of these tumours remains controversial. Here, we report a case of ceruminous adenoma of the EAC and expression of a hypoxia marker.

[Mutation of ING1 gene in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and its association with p33ING1b protein expression].

Objective: To investigate the ING1 gene mutation status in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC), and the association of p33(ING1b) protein expression with p53 protein expression.

Method: DNA of LSCC tissue was extracted, and nucleotide of the second exon was amplified and sequenced to determine the chromosome status. The p23(ING1b) and p53 protein expression were detected by immunohistochemistry and the association between them were analyzed.

[Serum ECP levels in patients with allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis.].

Objective: To investigate the serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) or chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps(CRSWP), and its relations with allergic symptoms in patients with AR.

Methods: The ECP in serum and Phadiatop tests were detected by UniCAP100 system. Blood sample was taken from 87 patients with inhaled AR, 49 patients with CRSWP and 20 healthy individuals.