Potential gains in PrEP coverage and effect on racial disparities following introduction of on-demand and long-acting injectable PrEP: Preferences of men who have sex with men in the United States, 2021-2022.

Introduction: There are persistent race- and ethnicity-based disparities in HIV incidence among gay and bisexual men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in the United States, partially driven by inequities in distribution of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We assessed how additional modalities of PrEP beyond daily oral might affect uptake of PrEP and ongoing disparities in HIV incidence in the US.

Methods: In an online survey of GBMSM in the US, we presented participants with descriptions of each PrEP modality.

Location Preferences for Accessing Long-Acting Injectable Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (LA-PrEP) Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) Currently on Daily Oral PrEP.

We investigated men who have sex with men's (MSM) location preferences for long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis (LA-PrEP). MSM ( = 1076) who completed the 2021 American Men's Internet Survey, were currently prescribed oral PrEP, and expressed LA-PrEP interest reported location preferences for receiving LA-PrEP: healthcare provider (HCP) setting, pharmacy, or at-home. HCP settings were preferred by 60% of participants; 26% preferred home and 14% preferred pharmacy.

Willingness and preferences for long-acting injectable PrEP among US men who have sex with men: a discrete choice experiment.

Introduction: Cabotegravir long-acting injectable HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (LA-PrEP) was shown to be safe and effective in multiple clinical trials. Increasing uptake and persistence among populations with elevated risk for HIV acquisition, especially among men who have sex with men (MSM), is critical to HIV prevention.

Objective: This analysis aims to understand potential users' preferences for LA-PrEP, with audience segmentation.

Variation in Preferences for Long-Acting Injectable Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among US Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Latent Class Analysis.

Cabotegravir long-acting injectable HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (LA PrEP) is efficacious, with a good safety profile, and was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in December 2021. Understanding variations in potential user preferences for LA PrEP may inform implementation and subsequently improve uptake and community-level effectiveness. HIV-negative, sexually active men who have sex with men (MSM) aged ≥15 years were recruited online for the 2019 American Men's Internet Survey, before LA PrEP approval.

Evaluating Diversity in Randomized Clinical Trials of Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens: Pooled 48-Week Analyses by Race, Sex, and Regional Subgroups.

Background: In HIV clinical trials, proportions of Black and female participants achieving virologic suppression (VS) are often lower compared with White and male participants. As the antiretroviral therapy (ART) landscape continues to evolve, addressing existing challenges in clinical trial diversity will be critical to effectively translate results into clinical practice. Here, we pooled data to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dolutegravir (DTG)-containing regimens by race, sex, and regional subgroups.

Preexposure Prophylaxis for HIV Infection Integrated With Municipal- and Community-Based Sexual Health Services.

Importance: Several randomized clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. Little is known about adherence to the regimen, sexual practices, and overall effectiveness when PrEP is implemented in clinics that treat sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and community-based clinics serving men who have sex with men (MSM).

Objective: To assess PrEP adherence, sexual behaviors, and the incidence of STIs and HIV infection in a cohort of MSM and transgender women initiating PrEP in the United States.

Two years of Truvada for pre-exposure prophylaxis utilization in the US.

Introduction: Truvada® (TVD) was approved in July 2012 by the US FDA for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in combination with safer sex practices to reduce the risk of sexually acquired HIV-1 in high-risk adults. This study explores the characteristics of US PrEP users and their prescribers over the past two years.

Materials And Methods: A previously described algorithm was used to identify TVD for PrEP by excluding use for HIV treatment, post-exposure prophylaxis, and off-label treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

Impact of comorbidities and drug therapy on development of renal impairment in a predominantly African American and Hispanic HIV clinic population.

Purpose: Renal impairment in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients could potentially be caused by many factors. HIV-related renal impairment risks have been little studied in African Americans and Hispanics. We investigated the impact of HIV itself, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), comorbidities, and non-HIV-related drug treatment on glomerular filtration rate in a predominantly African American/Hispanic HIV-infected population who had received HAART for at least one year.

Comorbidities and challenges affecting African Americans with HIV infection.

The significant disparities in health outcomes that exist among racial minorities in the United States are clearly evident in the HIV epidemic. HIV disproportionately affects minorities, African Americans in particular. Current treatment of HIV/AIDS is complicated by medical problems such as hepatitis, diabetes and dyslipidemia, which also disproportionately affect African Americans and can significantly impact the complexity of clinical care.

Differences in perceptions of what constitutes having "had sex" in a population of people living with HIV/AIDS.

The reduction of high-risk sexual behavior among HIV-infected individuals is a major aspect of prevention strategies to reduce HIV infection in the United States. These prevention efforts assume a common understanding between clinicians and HIV-infected individuals of the terms "sex" and what constitutes having "had sex." The purpose of this study was to determine what sexual behaviors HIV-infected individuals perceive as having had sex and to examine the variability of these perceptions.

Recognizing and managing common toxicities in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy.

Each of the 3 traditional classes of antiretroviral drugs (nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors [PIs]) has characteristic sets of toxicities that are not found with the other drug classes. On the other hand, lipodystrophy, which was thought to be specific to PIs, is now known to be common to all 3 classes of drugs. An understanding of the drug-specific, class-specific, and general toxicities and side effects of antiretroviral drugs will help the clinician tailor treatment regimens to individual patients.

Impact of an educational program on efficacy and adherence with a twice-daily lamivudine/zidovudine/abacavir regimen in underrepresented HIV-infected patients.

A 24-week open-label clinical trial was conducted in 195 HIV-infected adults commonly underrepresented in research (35% female, 71% African American, 21% Hispanic, and 20% injection drug users [IDUs]) to evaluate the effect of an HIV educational program on efficacy and adherence with a simple, compact, twice-daily triple nucleoside regimen containing a lamivudine (150 mg)/zidovudine (300 mg) combination (COM) tablet plus abacavir (ABC), 300 mg. At baseline, the patients' median plasma HIV-1 RNA level was 4.18 log10 copies/mL and the median CD4+ cell count was 379 cells/mm3.