Changes in Youth Mental Health Following a School Lockdown due to Violent and Firearm-Related Threats.

Background: School shooting events and lockdowns have increased in the United States, raising concerns about their impact on youth mental health.

Method: This study assessed the association between school lockdowns and changes in youth mental health in 10,049 children who participated in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study. The exposure was school lockdowns related to violence and shooting incidents, and the outcomes were Child Behavior Checklist scores on five mental health disorders.

Insights from Developing and Implementing a Novel School Community Collaborative Model to Promote School Safety.

Background: School Resource Officer (SRO) programs do not reduce school violence and increase school discipline. We describe the use of a culturally responsive framework to form a school community collaborative among students, parents, staff, administrators, and law enforcement to reform an SRO program, promote school safety, and reduce punitive measures.

Methods: Members of a participating school district, a local county, and a university collaborated.

Exploring Collaborative Care Effects on the Mental and Physical Health of Patients With and Without Violent Victimization Histories.

Collaborative care is a multicomponent intervention delivered by frontline social work, nursing, and physician providers to address patients' physical, emotional, and social needs. We argued that collaborative care may particularly benefit patients with a violent victimization history because it practices three principles of trauma-informed care: patient-provider collaboration, preventing repeat trauma in clinical and community settings, and delivering comprehensive mental and physical healthcare. We conducted an exploratory secondary data analysis of a collaborative care randomized clinical trial involving patients who presented with traumatic physical injury at a Level I trauma center in Washington state between 2006 and 2009.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Fear-Victimization Gap at School: An Examination of School Context and Trends Over Time.

This study examined racial and ethnic differences in adolescents' fear of attack or harm at school after adjusting for differences in violent victimization prevalence. We analyzed 49,782 surveys from 35,588 adolescents who participated in the NCVS School Crime Supplement (1999-2017). We tested whether differences in fear are attributable to youths' (1) experiences with non-criminal harms, (2) indirect exposure to crime and violence at their school, or (3) school security and disciplinary practices.

Assault-related injuries reported to police and treated by healthcare providers in the United States.

Research suggests that assault-related injuries known by the police significantly differ from those known by healthcare providers, but the magnitude and nature of these differences are poorly understood. To address this gap, our study examined the empirical differences between assault-related injuries reported to police and treated by healthcare providers. In June of 2021, we analyzed the National Crime Victimization Survey (1993-2019) to estimate the prevalence of police reporting and healthcare use among 5093 nonfatal victimizations that caused injury and were either reported to the police or treated by healthcare in the United States.

Victim-Offender Relationship and the Emotional, Social, and Physical Consequences of Violent Victimization.

Introduction: Research is equivocal about how the social relationship between victims and offenders is linked to the emotional, social, and physical consequences of violence. This study examines the association of victim-offender relationship with the adverse outcomes reported by injured and uninjured victims of violence.

Methods: The study analyzed 16,723 violent victimizations recorded by the National Crime Victimization Survey from 2008 to 2018.

Understanding the Barriers of Violence Victims' Health Care Use.

Violence is a leading cause of death among U.S. adults under age 45.

Adversary effects and the tactics of violent offenders.

We examine the implication of adversary effects for target choice, lethal intent, and the use of weapons and allies in violent incidents. Adversary effects refer to the tendency of offenders to make tactical decisions based on the coercive power of victims and potential victims. Using the victim's gender as a proxy for coercive power, we analyzed violent incidents from the National Incident-Based Reporting System (2005-2014).

Gender Interaction Effects on Reporting Assaults to the Police.

This study used two theoretical perspectives-coercive power and gender norms-to examine how gender affects victims' decisions to report physical assaults to the police. The coercive power perspective attributes gender differences in reporting to sex-linked physical coercive power differences that affect the harm of the crime and victims' personal safety. The gender norm perspective attributes gender differences in reporting to specific gender norms that influence crime reporting decisions.