Relapse-free survival with adjuvant dabrafenib/trametinib therapy after relapse on a prior adjuvant CPI in BRAF V600-mutated stage III/IV melanoma.

Background: In BRAF-mutated high-risk melanoma, targeted therapy (BRAF/MEK inhibitors) and checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) immunotherapy have durable benefits as first-line (1L) adjuvant therapy. Based on differing action mechanisms of BRAF/MEK inhibitors and CPI immunotherapies, there is interest in evaluating the activity of 2L adjuvant targeted therapy in decreasing the risk of subsequent recurrence after repeat resection following relapse on/after 1L adjuvant CPI.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective review of BRAF V600-mutated resected stage III/IV melanoma patients in the United States, Australia, and The Netherlands who received 1L adjuvant CPI immunotherapy, relapsed locoregionally/distantly, were again resected to no evidence of disease, and received dabrafenib/trametinib (dab/tram) as 2L adjuvant therapy.

Exploring the Association Between Heart Rate Control and Rehospitalization: A Real-World Analysis of Patients Hospitalized with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction.

Background: In patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), lower discharge heart rate (HR) is known to be associated with better outcomes. However, the effect of HR control on patient outcomes, and the demographic and clinical determinants of this association, are not well documented.

Objectives: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the association between the HR control and the risk of post-discharge rehospitalization in patients hospitalized with HFrEF.

Effectiveness of standard treatments in non-small-cell lung cancer with METexon14 skipping mutation: a real-world study.

To assess real-world clinical outcomes with standard therapies for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) with METexon14 skipping mutation (METex14). In an oncologists-led retrospective review of medical records, data were abstracted and analyzed for patients initiating first-line (1L) systemic therapy after 1 January 2017. In total 287 aNSCLC patients with METex14, the real-world best overall response rate was 73.

Real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients treated with eribulin after prior phosphoinositide 3-Kinase inhibitor treatment for metastatic breast cancer.

Purpose: In 2010, the US Food and Drug Administration approved eribulin for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Since then, the treatment landscape has evolved with many new therapy classes, a more recent one being the small molecule inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K). We sought to characterize the treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of patients with MBC who received eribulin following prior treatment with a PI3K inhibitor.

Early Real-World Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer Treated with Eribulin After Prior Immuno-Oncology or Antibody-Drug Conjugate Therapy.

Introduction: Eribulin was approved by the FDA in 2010 for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in the United States (US). More recently, several immuno-oncology (IO) and antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) regimens have been approved for MBC. We assessed the treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in MBC patients treated with eribulin following treatment with an IO or ADC in US clinical practice.

Real-World Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Nearly 30% of new renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases are diagnosed at an advanced or metastatic stage. Recent approvals of immunotherapies (IO) have significantly impacted patient care, but real-world outcomes of these treatments have not been widely evaluated.

Methods: Eligible physicians abstracted demographic and clinical data from patient medical records for patients with advanced clear and non-clear cell RCC (aRCC) who initiated treatment between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020.

Improved Survival Outcomes in Patients With MET-Dysregulated Advanced NSCLC Treated With MET Inhibitors: Results of a Multinational Retrospective Chart Review.

Background: We evaluated the disease and patient characteristics, treatment, and MET testing patterns, predictive biomarkers and survival outcomes in patients with MET-dysregulated metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a real-world setting.

Patients And Methods: This was a multinational, retrospective, noninterventional chart review study. Data from medical records of patients with advanced/metastatic EGFR wild-type, MET-dysregulated NSCLC (December 2017-September 2018) were abstracted into electronic data collection forms.

Real-world outcomes in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with MET Exon 14 skipping mutation and brain metastases treated with capmatinib.

To assess real-world clinical outcomes in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer with MET exon 14 skipping mutation and brain metastases (BM) who received capmatinib, a recently approved MET inhibitor, in routine US clinical practice. Patient data were collected using a retrospective medical record review, led by participating oncologists. Eligible patients initiated treatment with capmatinib in any line, after BM diagnosis, between May 2020 and June 2021.

Efficacy comparison of tisagenlecleucel vs usual care in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma.

The ELARA trial indicates tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel) is an effective anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma (r/r FL). As ELARA is a single-arm trial, this study compares tisa-cel outcomes from the ELARA trial with usual care from a real-world cohort. ELARA enrolled 98 patients as of 29 March 2021 (median follow-up: 15 months from enrollment).

Real-world effectiveness of lenvatinib monotherapy in previously treated unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in US clinical practice.

Background: Lenvatinib monotherapy was approved in the United States for first-line treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) in 2018. This study assessed real-world treatment patterns and outcomes of lenvatinib beyond first-line systemic treatment in the United States.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among US adults (≥18 years) with uHCC.

A Retrospective Cohort Study of Treatment Outcomes of Adult Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Follicular Lymphoma (ReCORD-FL).

This study (ReCORD-FL) sought to construct a historical control cohort to augment single-arm trials in relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma (r/r FL). A retrospective study in 10 centers across North America and Europe was conducted. Adults with grade 1-3A FL were required to be r/r after ≥2 therapy lines including an anti-CD20 and an alkylator.

Real-world clinical outcomes of patients with myelofibrosis treated with ruxolitinib: a medical record review.

To assess real-world ruxolitinib treatment patterns and outcomes in patients diagnosed with primary or secondary myelofibrosis. Patient medical records were reviewed in six countries. Eligible patients (n = 469) had a mean age of 63.

Real-World Effectiveness of Lenvatinib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Hepatocellular (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Although most cases of HCC were historically attributed to underlying chronic viral hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is projected to become the most common risk factor for HCC with the rising prevalence of obesity and diabetes mellitus and increasing availability of effective treatments for hepatitis B and C infection. Although patients with viral and nonviral HCC seem to have similar overall prognosis, prior data have suggested possible differential efficacy of systemic therapies by liver disease etiology.

European and US Real-World Treatment Patterns in Patients with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Medical Record Review.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the preferred first-line (1L) therapy for EGFR mutation-positive (EGFRm) advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Objective: Our objective was to describe real-world treatment patterns and T790M testing practices in patients with 1L disease progression (Europe/USA) following treatment with first- or second-generation EGFR-TKIs.

Methods: This was a retrospective, non-interventional medical record review of patients with EGFRm locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC from routine clinical practice (EGFR-TKI initiation: 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2017; follow-up: last available medical record).

Real-world effectiveness of lenvatinib monotherapy among unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients in the USA.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of lenvatinib monotherapy for first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) in a real-world setting. This retrospective cohort study included patients who initiated lenvatinib monotherapy as first-line treatment for uHCC (n = 233). Clinical outcomes included provider-reported best response, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Overall survival, adverse events, and economic burden in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia receiving systemic therapy: Real-world evidence from the medicare population.

Background: Information on overall survival (OS) and adverse events (AEs) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is mostly available from clinical trials. We therefore conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study to assess OS, incidence of AEs, and economic burden in real-world practice among Medicare patients treated for CLL.

Methods: Patients with CLL receiving ≥1 systemic therapy from 2013 to 2015 were selected from the Medicare claims database and followed from the start of first observed systemic therapy (index date) through December 2016 or death.

Real-world treatment patterns, adverse events and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia treated with ibrutinib in the UK.

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is the most common leukaemia in adults in the UK. Ibrutinib, an oral Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi) for CLL approved by the UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in January 2017, represented a major shift in CLL management. Real-world data on ibrutinib use in routine clinical practice will inform patients' and physicians' decision-making.

Treatment patterns, adverse events, and direct and indirect economic burden in a privately insured population of patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer in the United States.

Background: Real-world evidence specific to HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC) prior to introduction of CDK4/6 inhibitors is limited. In an effort to provide context for the introduction of new treatments, we assessed treatment patterns, adverse events, productivity loss, and direct/indirect economic burden in a privately insured population of patients with HR+/HER2- MBC.

Research Design And Methods: Using a retrospective cohort design, patients aged 18-64 years, selected from MarketScan databases (2007-2014), were analyzed using descriptive and multivariable methods.

Achievement of Target A1C <7.0% (<53 mmol/mol) by U.S. Type 2 Diabetes Patients Treated With Basal Insulin in Both Randomized Controlled Trials and Clinical Practice.

Objective: Many patients with type 2 diabetes do not reach glycemic goals despite basal insulin treatment. This study assessed the achievement of a target A1C <7.0% (<53 mmol/mol) after initiation of basal insulin in two settings.

Treatment patterns and characteristics of patients with migraine in Japan: A retrospective analysis of health insurance claims data.

Objective: To describe treatment patterns of migraine patients in the Japan Medical Data Center (JMDC) database.

Methods: Patients aged ≥18 years with ≥1 inpatient or ≥2 outpatient migraine diagnoses, ≥1 outpatient diagnosis and ≥1 migraine-specific acute treatment (triptan or ergotamine), or ≥2 migraine-specific acute treatments from 1 May 2011 to 30 April 2014 were identified. Patients were required to be enrolled in a health plan for ≥1 year before and after the index date.

Treatment patterns, adverse events, and economic burden in a privately insured population of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the United States.

Introduction: Contemporary data describing treatment patterns, adverse events (AEs), and outcomes in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in clinical practice are lacking. We conducted a retrospective cohort study and assessed treatment patterns, AEs, health-care resource use (HCRU), and costs in patients with diagnosis of CLL.

Methods: Using a nationally representative population of privately insured patients in the US, adult patients with CLL diagnosis (July 2012-June 2015) were selected if they had continuous health plan enrollment for ≥12 months before the first CLL diagnosis without any evidence of any CLL-directed treatment.

Treatment Patterns and Outcomes Associated With Palbociclib Plus Letrozole for Postmenopausal Women With HR/HER2 Advanced Breast Cancer Enrolled in an Expanded Access Program.

Purpose: To evaluate treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of patients who received palbociclib in combination with letrozole in any line of therapy for treatment of hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer in an expanded access program (EAP) in the United States.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective chart review study was conducted of patients previously enrolled in the palbociclib EAP. Complete data from time of initial diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer until date of chart abstraction were obtained.

Treatment patterns, survival and economic outcomes in Medicare-enrolled, older patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer.

Endocrine therapy (ET) remains a foundation of systemic therapy for HR+/ HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC), although chemotherapy (CT) is used in select patients. In this "real-world" study, we explored treatment patterns, health care resource use (HCRU), costs, adverse events (AEs) and overall survival (OS) in Medicare-enrolled, older patients with HR+/HER2- MBC. Patients with HR+/HER2- MBC (2007-2011) and aged >66 years were retrospectively analyzed using the SEER-Medicare data.

Real-World Treatment Patterns, Outcomes, and Healthcare Resource Utilization in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Evidence from a Medical Record Review in France.

Background: Limited data are available from real-world practices in Europe describing prevailing treatment patterns and outcomes in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), particularly by cytogenetic risk.

Methods: A retrospective medical record review was conducted in 200 RRMM patients in France. From first relapse, patients were assessed on second-/third-line treatments, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and healthcare utilization.