Translation and assessment of encultured meaning of the Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in Diné bizaad (Navajo) using community-based participatory action research methods.

Introduction: Perceived social support is a psychological construct that is used to describe the 'perception of adequacy' of the support being provided by a person's social network. Higher perceived social support has been linked to multiple benefits across numerous studies over the past several decades and among multiple populations. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) is a 12-item scale to assess the construct of perceived social support.

Biggest of tinies: natural variation in seed size and mineral distribution in the ancient crop tef [ (Zucc.) Trotter].

Tef [ (Zucc.) Trotter] is the major staple crop for millions of people in Ethiopia and Eritrea and is believed to have been domesticated several thousand years ago. Tef has the smallest grains of all the cereals, which directly impacts its productivity and presents numerous challenges to its cultivation.

The early-onset Alzheimer's disease MRI signature: a replication and extension analysis in early-stage AD.

Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) is less investigated than the more common late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) despite its more aggressive course. A cortical signature of EOAD was recently proposed and may facilitate EOAD investigation. Here, we aimed to validate this proposed MRI biomarker of EOAD neurodegeneration in an Appalachian clinical cohort.

Memory consolidation, temporal and parietal atrophy, and metabolism in amyloid-β positive and negative mild cognitive impairment.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is classically characterized by alterations in memory consolidation. With the advent of diagnostic biomarkers, some patients clinically diagnosed with AD display biomarkers inconsistent with the diagnosis.

Objective: We aimed to explore differences in memory consolidation and neurodegeneration of the temporal and parietal lobes as a function of amyloid-β status in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).

Impact of CD4 T lymphocytes on the cellular and molecular milieu of the vaginal mucosa following HSV-2 challenge of immune guinea pigs.

CD4 and CD8 tissue resident memory cells (TRM) express many shared anti-viral activities upon re-exposure to virus. CD4 T cells were depleted from HSV-immune guinea pigs to identify CD4-dependent functions in the vaginal mucosa following HSV-2 challenge. The incidence of animals shedding HSV-2 fell rapidly after challenge in control animals but remained significantly higher through day four post infection in CD4-depleted animals.

Executive function and cortical thickness in biomarker aMCI.

Introduction: Memory deficits are the primary symptom in amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI); however, executive function (EF) deficits are common. The current study examined EF in aMCI based upon amyloid status (A+/A-) and regional atrophy in signature areas of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Method: Participants included 110 individuals with aMCI (A+ = 66; A- = 44) and 33 cognitively healthy participants (HP).

Cortical Thickness Correlates of Go/No-go and Motor Sequencing in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Suspected Alzheimer Disease Dementia.

Background: While the cognitive hallmark of typical Alzheimer disease (AD) is impaired memory consolidation, increasing evidence suggests that the frontal lobes and associated executive functions are also impacted.

Objective: We examined two neurobehavioral executive function tasks and associations with cortical thickness in patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), suspected AD dementia, and a healthy control group.

Methods: First, we compared group performances on a go/no-go (GNG) task and on Luria's Fist-Edge-Palm (FEP) motor sequencing task.

Complete genome characterization of cacao leafroll virus, a newly described cacao-infecting polerovirus.

The complete genome sequence of cacao leafroll virus (CaLRV; family Solemoviridae, genus Polerovirus) was determined by high-throughput sequencing of total RNA isolated from symptomatic cacao Theobroma cacao L. plants (n = 4). The CaLRV genome sequences ranged from 5,976 to 5,997 nucleotides (nt) in length and contained seven open reading frames (ORFs).

More Similar than Different: Memory, Executive Functions, Cortical Thickness, and Glucose Metabolism in Biomarker-Positive Alzheimer's Disease and Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) are typically associated with very different clinical and neuroanatomical presentations; however, there is increasing recognition of similarities.

Objective: To examine memory and executive functions, as well as cortical thickness, and glucose metabolism in AD and bvFTD signature brain regions.

Methods: We compared differences in a group of biomarker-defined participants with Alzheimer's disease and a group of clinically diagnosed participants with bvFTD.

Evolution of storytelling pedagogy in global health course at a U.S. Native American-Serving Nontribal Institution from Fall 2019 to Spring 2023.

Background And Purpose: Responding to COVID-19-induced disruptions to traditional teaching methodologies, and considering the relevance of narratives among indigenous populations, "storytelling as pedagogy" was developed and implemented in the undergraduate Global Health course in a Native American-Serving Nontribal Institution (NASNTI) in Colorado.

Methods: We describe the evolving pedagogic adjustments and storytelling strategies incorporated into the global health course from Fall 2019 to Spring 2023. This entailed before the COVID-19 in-person format, online digital storytelling during the pandemic emergency, the HyFlex and hybrid classes with the emergence of "new normals," and finally the gradual move to in-person classes.

Surface-based correlates of cognition along the Alzheimer's continuum in a memory clinic population.

Composite cognitive measures in large-scale studies with biomarker data for amyloid and tau have been widely used to characterize Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, little is known about how the findings from these studies translate to memory clinic populations without biomarker data, using single measures of cognition. Additionally, most studies have utilized voxel-based morphometry or limited surface-based morphometry such as cortical thickness, to measure the neurodegeneration associated with cognitive deficits.

Boosting of vaginal HSV-2-specific B and T cell responses by intravaginal therapeutic immunization results in diminished recurrent HSV-2 disease.

Boosting herpes simplex virus (HSV)-specific immunity in the genital tissues of HSV-positive individuals to increase control of HSV-2 recurrent disease and virus shedding is an important goal of therapeutic immunization and would impact HSV-2 transmission. Experimental therapeutic HSV-2 vaccines delivered by a parenteral route have resulted in decreased recurrent disease in experimental animals. We used a guinea pig model of HSV-2 infection to test if HSV-specific antibody and cell-mediated responses in the vaginal mucosa would be more effectively increased by intravaginal (Ivag) therapeutic immunization compared to parenteral immunization.

A Single Session of a Digital Health Tool-Delivered Exercise Intervention May Provide Immediate Relief from Pelvic Pain in Women with Endometriosis: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: Endometriosis is a debilitating chronic condition that is commonly associated with chronic pelvic pain, affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age worldwide. The general principle of pain management in this population involves both pharmacological and surgical interventions. There is also increasing interest in the use of exercise as an alternative non-pharmacological analgesic, but adherence and accessibility to face-to-face exercise-delivery modalities are poor.

Frontal and temporal lobe correlates of verbal learning and memory in aMCI and suspected Alzheimer's disease dementia.

Alzheimer's disease is primarily known for deficits in learning and retaining new information. This has long been associated with pathological changes in the mesial temporal lobes. The role of the frontal lobes in memory in Alzheimer's disease is less well understood.

A Previously Undescribed Polerovirus () Infecting Germplasm.

Cacao L. (Malvaceae) is an economically important crop cultivated in tropical climates for the bean from which chocolate and other products are made (Zarrillo et al., 2018).

Procedural learning and retention relative to explicit learning and retention in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease using a modification of the trail making test.

Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia are characterized by pathological changes to the medial temporal lobes, resulting in explicit learning and retention reductions. Studies demonstrate that implicit/procedural memory processes are relatively intact in these populations, supporting different anatomical substrates for differing memory systems. This study examined differences between explicit and procedural learning and retention in individuals with aMCI and AD dementia relative to matched healthy controls.

Measurement of the Nucleon F_{2}^{n}/F_{2}^{p} Structure Function Ratio by the Jefferson Lab MARATHON Tritium/Helium-3 Deep Inelastic Scattering Experiment.

The ratio of the nucleon F_{2} structure functions, F_{2}^{n}/F_{2}^{p}, is determined by the MARATHON experiment from measurements of deep inelastic scattering of electrons from ^{3}H and ^{3}He nuclei. The experiment was performed in the Hall A Facility of Jefferson Lab using two high-resolution spectrometers for electron detection, and a cryogenic target system which included a low-activity tritium cell. The data analysis used a novel technique exploiting the mirror symmetry of the two nuclei, which essentially eliminates many theoretical uncertainties in the extraction of the ratio.

The cost of pharmacovigilance: a time and motion study of an adverse drug reaction program.

Objectives: Adverse medication events are associated with a significant number of hospital admissions, and the appropriate recording of these events plays a vital role in medication safety. We set out to analyse the time and extrapolated cost in reporting adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

Methods: A time and motion study of the tasks involved in reviewing, assessing, reporting and communicating ADRs was done over a period of 2 months.

Season-Long Heart-Rate Variability Tracking Reveals Autonomic Imbalance in American College Football Players.

Purpose: To track cardiac-autonomic functioning, indexed by heart-rate variability, in American college football players throughout a competitive period.

Methods: Resting heart rate (RHR) and the natural logarithm root mean square of successive differences (LnRMSSD) were obtained throughout preseason and ∼3 times weekly leading up to the national championship among 8 linemen and 12 nonlinemen. Seated 1-minute recordings were performed via mobile device and standardized for time of day and proximity to training.

Reducing Unnecessary Noninvasive Testing for Inpatients With Unstable Angina: The RUNIT Protocol.

Background: Routine inpatient transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for patients with unstable angina is common, but it anecdotally adds little value to clinical care. A practice audit at our academic hospital demonstrated that 61.5% of patients with troponin-negative chest pain (TNCP) had normal left ventriculography (LVG) during coronary angiography and normal TTE on the same admission (duplicate testing).

Inherited Variants in Cause Severe Early-Onset Coronary Artery Disease.

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Complete genome sequences of three newly discovered cacao mild mosaic virus isolates from Theobroma cacao L. in Brazil and Puerto Rico and evidence for recombination.

To analyze the DNA virome associated with cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) trees showing virus-like symptoms in Brazil (BR) and Puerto Rico (PR) during 2018-2019, total DNA was isolated from symptomatic leaves and subjected to high-throughput Illumina sequencing. The assembled complete badnaviral genome sequences were verified by PCR amplification, cloning, and DNA sequencing.

Is Prevalent and Genetically Variable in Grape Aphid ( Shimer) Populations.

(GVCV) causes severe stunting and death of cultivated grapevines and is prevalent in native spp. and in the Midwest region of the United States. GVCV can be transmitted from wild to spp.