Upregulation of PODXL and ITGB1 in pancreatic cancer tissues preoperatively obtained by EUS-FNAB correlates with unfavorable prognosis of postoperative pancreatic cancer patients.

The upregulation of PODXL and ITGB1 in surgically resected pancreatic cancer tissues is correlated with an unfavorable postoperative prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether PODXL and ITGB1 are useful preoperative markers for the prognosis of postoperative pancreatic cancer patients in comparison with the TNM staging system. Immunohistochemistry was performed using anti-PODXL and anti-ITGB1 antibodies on 24 pancreatic cancer tissue samples preoperatively obtained by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

Establishment of a mouse model of pancreatic cancer using human pancreatic cancer cell line S2-013-derived organoid.

A well-established preclinical model of pancreatic cancer needs to be established to facilitate research on new therapeutic targets. Recently established animal models of pancreatic cancer, including patient-derived tumor models and organoid models, are used for pre-clinical drug testing and biomarker discovery. These models have useful characteristics over conventional xenograft mouse models based on cell lines in preclinical studies, but still cannot accurately predict the clinical outcomes of new treatments and have not yet been broadly implemented in research.

[Measurement of PODXL and SCGB1D2 for detecting intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm].

We determined whether PODXL and SCGB1D2 expressions in whole blood could be useful as diagnostic biomarkers to determine the presence of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), as compared to serum CA19-9. A discovery-stage clinical study was performed on 12 patients with IPMN, including 6 intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma (IPMA) patients and 6 intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) patients who had undergone treatment at the Department of Surgery at Kochi Health Sciences Center and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at Kochi Medical School Hospital from April 2015 to January 2016;13 controls who did not have pancreatic disease were also enrolled. Serum PODXL and SCGB1D2 levels were measured using ELISA.

KHSRP-bound small nucleolar RNAs associate with promotion of cell invasiveness and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.

KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP) is an RNA-binding protein implicated in a variety of cellular processes, including splicing in the nucleus and mRNA localization and degradation in the cytoplasm. The present study reports that KHSRP promotes invasiveness and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. KHSRP was localized in the nucleus and cell protrusions of pancreatic cancer cell lines.

Overexpression of PODXL/ITGB1 and BCL7B/ITGB1 accurately predicts unfavorable prognosis compared to the TNM staging system in postoperative pancreatic cancer patients.

We previously reported that overexpression of PODXL, BCL7B, and ARHGEF4 in pancreatic cancer tissue is correlated with pancreatic cancer-related survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of PODXL, BCL7B, ARHGEF4, and the integrin family member ITGB1 as useful markers for the prognosis of postoperative pancreatic cancer patients in comparison with tumor size and the tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging system. Immunohistochemistry was performed using an anti-ITGB1 antibody on 102 samples of pancreatic cancer tissue surgically resected at the University of Kochi Medical School Hospital and the Matsuyama Shimin Hospital.

Efficient delivery of small interfering RNAs targeting particular mRNAs into pancreatic cancer cells inhibits invasiveness and metastasis of pancreatic tumors.

We report the use of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against , , , , , and and folic acid (FA)-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG)-chitosan oligosaccharide lactate (COL) nanoparticles for targeting, imaging, delivery, gene silencing, and inhibition of invasiveness and metastasis in an orthotopic xenograft model. assays revealed that these siRNA-FA-PEG-COL nanoparticles were specifically inserted into pancreatic cancer cells compared to immortalized normal pancreatic epithelial cells and knocked down expression of the corresponding targets in pancreatic cancer cells. Cell motility and invasion were significantly inhibited by adding target siRNA-FA-PEG-COL nanoparticles into the culture medium.

Circulating pancreatic cancer exosomal RNAs for detection of pancreatic cancer.

Diagnostic biomarkers for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer are needed to improve prognosis for this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the expression of four messenger RNAs (mRNAs: CCDC88A, ARF6, Vav3, and WASF2) and five small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs: SNORA14B, SNORA18, SNORA25, SNORA74A, and SNORD22) in serum of patients with pancreatic cancer and control participants for use in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Results were compared with the expression of sialylated Lewis (a) blood group antigen CA19-9, the standard clinical tumor biomarker.

WAVE2 is associated with poor prognosis in pancreatic cancers and promotes cell motility and invasiveness via binding to ACTN4.

WAVE2 is a member of the WASP/WAVE family of actin cytoskeletal regulatory proteins; unfortunately, little is known about its function in pancreatic cancers. In this study, we report the role of WAVE2 in the motility and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells. High WAVE2 expression in human pancreatic cancer tissues was correlated with overall survival.

ARHGEF4 predicts poor prognosis and promotes cell invasion by influencing ERK1/2 and GSK-3α/β signaling in pancreatic cancer.

Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 (ARHGEF4) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is specific for Rac1 and Cdc42. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of ARHGEF4 in the motility and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells. Evaluation of an immunohistochemical staining of 102 resected pancreatic cancer samples demonstrated that high ARHGEF4 expression was correlated with an independent predictor of worse overall survival in univariate and multivariate analyses.

BCL7B, a predictor of poor prognosis of pancreatic cancers, promotes cell motility and invasion by influencing CREB signaling.

The functions of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 7B (BCL7B) are unknown and the protein lacks any known functional domains. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of BCL7B in the motility and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine whether high BCL7B expression in human pancreatic cancer tissues is correlated with poor prognosis.

The transcription factor HOXB7 regulates ERK kinase activity and thereby stimulates the motility and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells.

genes encode transcription factors that function as sequence-specific transcription factors that are involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and death. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of a HOX family protein, HOXB7, in the motility and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells. We previously identified a transcript that is one of a number of transcripts that are preferentially translated in membrane protrusions in pancreatic cancer cells.

CCDC88A, a prognostic factor for human pancreatic cancers, promotes the motility and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells.

Background: Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 88A (CCDC88A) was identified as a substrate of the serine/threonine kinase Akt that is capable of binding to the actin cytoskeleton. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of CCDC88A in the migration and invasiveness of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine whether high CCDC88A expression in human PDAC tissues is correlated with poor prognosis.

Podocalyxin-like protein, linked to poor prognosis of pancreatic cancers, promotes cell invasion by binding to gelsolin.

The cell-adhesion glycoprotein PODXL is associated with an aggressive tumor phenotype in several forms of cancer. Here, we report that high PODXL expression was an independent predictor of worse overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients, and that PODXL promoted pancreatic cancer cell motility and invasion by physically binding to the cytoskeletal protein gelsolin. Suppression of PODXL or gelsolin decreased membrane protrusions with abundant peripheral actin structures, and in turn inhibited cell motility and invasion.

Vav3 is linked to poor prognosis of pancreatic cancers and promotes the motility and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells.

Background/objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav3 in the motility and invasiveness of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to determine whether high Vav3 expression in human PDAC tissues is correlated with poor prognosis. Immunocytochemistry was used to determine the association and intracellular distribution of Vav3, Rac1 and Akt in PDAC cells.

Brain opioid and nociceptin receptors are involved in regulation of bombesin-induced activation of central sympatho-adrenomedullary outflow in the rat.

Previously, we reported that central administration of bombesin, a stress-related peptide, elevated plasma levels of catecholamines (noradrenaline and adrenaline) in the rat. The sympatho-adrenomedullary system, which is an important component of stress responses, can be regulated by the central opioid system. In the present study, therefore, we examined the roles of brain opioid receptor subtypes (µ, δ, and κ) and nociceptin receptors, originally identified as opioid-like orphan receptors, in the bombesin-induced activation of central sympatho-adrenomedullary outflow using anesthetized male Wistar rats.

Focal Intramucosal Adenocarcinoma Occurring in Gastric Hyperplastic Polyps: Two Case Reports.

Gastric hyperplastic polyps are generally considered benign lesions, although rare cases of adenocarcinoma have been reported. Two cases of intramucosal adenocarcinoma originating from gastric hyperplastic polyps that were successfully removed by endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection are reported. On pathological examination, adenocarcinoma limited to the hyperplastic foveolar epithelial mucosa of the gastric hyperplastic polyps was observed.

Intramucosal Signet Ring Cell Gastric Cancer Diagnosed 15 Months after the Initial Endoscopic Examination.

The size and shape of intramucosal signet ring gastric cancer in this case remained endoscopically unchanged for 15 months. Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy was performed, and immunohistochemical analysis revealed Ki-67 and p53 mutations to be negative in this case. Signet ring gastric cancer has long been thought to confer a worse prognosis than other forms of gastric cancer; however, our case did not progress to advanced gastric cancer for 15 months.

Possible inhibitory role of endogenous 2-arachidonoylglycerol as an endocannabinoid in (±)-epibatidine-induced activation of central adrenomedullary outflow in the rat.

We previously reported that intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.

KIF20A-mediated RNA granule transport system promotes the invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells.

Pancreatic cancers are aggressive because they are highly invasive and highly metastatic; moreover, effective treatments for aggressive pancreatic cancers are lacking. Here, we report that the motor kinesin protein KIF20A promoted the motility and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells through transporting the RNA-binding protein IGF2BP3 and IGF2BP3-bound transcripts toward cell protrusions along microtubules. We previously reported that IGF2BP3 and its target transcripts are assembled into cytoplasmic stress granules of pancreatic cancer cells, and that IGF2BP3 promotes the motility and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells through regulation of localized translation of IGF2BP3-bound transcripts in cell protrusions.

Angiotensin II acting on brain AT1 receptors induces adrenaline secretion and pressor responses in the rat.

Angiotensin II (AngII) plays important roles in the regulation of cardiovascular function. Both peripheral and central actions of AngII are involved in this regulation, but mechanisms of the latter actions as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator within the brain are still unclear. Here we show that (1) intracerebroventricularly (i.

Peroxiredoxin 1 promotes pancreatic cancer cell invasion by modulating p38 MAPK activity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of peroxiredoxin 1 (Prdx1) in the invasiveness of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to determine overexpression of Prdx1 in human PDAC tissues. Immunoprecipitation and immunocytochemistry were used to determine the interaction and intracellular distribution of Prdx1 and a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family protein, p38 MAPK, in PDAC cells.

IGF2BP3-mediated translation in cell protrusions promotes cell invasiveness and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancers are aggressive because they are highly invasive and highly metastatic; moreover, effective treatments for aggressive pancreatic cancers are lacking. Here, we report that IGF2BP3 promoted the invasiveness and metastasis of pancreatic cancers through locally translated IGF2BP3-bound transcripts. In neural cells, transcripts sorted into cytoplasmic RNA granules are transported to dendrites and translated in these dendrites, thereby mediating long-term synaptic plasticity; however, such cytoplasmic RNA granules are not known to contribute to the progression of pancreatic cancer.

Effect of an angiotensin II receptor blocker and a calcium channel blocker on hypertension associated penile dysfunction in a rat model.

Possible effect of olmesartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), or nifedipine, an L-type calcium channel blocker, on penile dysfunction in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) was investigated in this study. Twelve-week-old male SHRs were treated with olmesartan (1 or 3 mg/kg, per orally (p.o.