Secondary Revision after Breast Reconstruction with Free Abdominal Perforator Flap: Flap Liposuction and Inframammary Fold Reconstruction.

Background: In breast reconstruction using the abdominal perforator flap, if the flap capacity is too large, secondary revision procedures can be performed to reduce flap volume and reconstruct the inframammary fold (IMF). We examined the various revision methods and cosmetic results.

Methods: This study included 28 patients who underwent secondary revision among 216 patients who had breast reconstruction using the abdominal perforator flap between April 2012 and March 2019.

Reconstruction of the Infraorbital Nerve Using Bilayered Artificial Nerve Conduits after Partial Maxillectomy.

Background: Facial sensory nerves play vital roles in daily functions like self-protection, facial expressions, speaking, and eating. Severing the infraorbital nerve (ION) during partial maxillectomy via the Weber-Ferguson incision can lead to sensory disturbances. This study presents immediate ION reconstruction using artificial nerve conduits and its short-term outcomes.

Exclusive expression of KANK4 promotes myofibroblast mobility in keloid tissues.

Keloids are characterized by abnormal wound healing with excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. Myofibroblasts are the primary contributor to extracellular matrix secretion, playing an essential role in the wound healing process. However, the differences between myofibroblasts involved in keloid formation and normal wound healing remain unclear.

Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy for Recurrent Olfactory Neuroblastoma After Cranioplasty for Surgical Infection: A Case Report.

Background: Peputide receptor radionuclide therapy with 177Lu for midgut neuroendocrine metastasis has been clinically approved as a safe treatment. Unresectable metastases of olfactory neuroblastoma have shorter survival due to insufficient effective systemic treatment.

Case Report: Herein, we report a patient treated with peputide receptor radionuclide therapy for unresectable recurrent olfactory neusroblastoma following a rare cranial metastasectomy infection.

＜Editors' Choice＞ Long-term outcomes of lateral skull base reconstruction with a free omental flap and facial nerve reconstruction.

In lateral skull base reconstruction, it is necessary to seal the defect in the lateral skull base, fill the dead space, and, sometimes, reconstruct the facial nerve. However, this procedure is difficult to perform with a standard musculocutaneous flap. Therefore, for such cases, an omental flap is used in our hospital because of its flexibility.

Upper thoracic empyema and concomitant superior vena cava syndrome treated with reconstructive surgery using a pedicled omental flap.

Superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome refers to a constellation of symptoms secondary to obstruction of blood flow through the SVC. In this condition, venous blood that usually drains into the SVC is diverted into the inferior vena cava (IVC) via collateral veins. Reconstructive surgery is challenging in such cases owing to the anomalous venous system.

Effect of Incision Negative Pressure Wound Therapy on Donor Site Morbidity in Breast Reconstruction with Deep Inferior Epigastric Artery Perforator Flap.

Background: The usefulness of closed incision negative pressure wound therapy (ciNPWT) has been well documented in many surgical sites, except for the donor site of the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ciNPWT on microsurgical breast reconstruction using a DIEP flap.

Methods: Fifty-six cases of breast reconstruction with DIEP flap were included and divided into two groups based on post-surgical wound management: the ciNPWT group received ciNPWT at the donor site, while the conventional group received conventional wound management.

Colon cancer with extensive invasion of the abdominal wall treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and a free anterolateral thigh flap.

Background: The treatment of locally advanced colon cancer is challenging, particularly when there is invasion of the abdominal wall. In such cases, balancing the securing of margins and sufficiently repairing abdominal wall defects is important, but difficult when the extent of invasion is large.

Case Presentation: A 34-year-old male was referred to our hospital with abdominal pain and diagnosed with obstructive transverse colon cancer.

Hypothyroidism After Using Superior Thyroid Artery as A Recipient Artery.

Objective: Superior thyroid artery (SThA) is a common recipient artery in free tissue transfer even after total pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy (TPLE) with hemithyroidectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the use of SThA as a recipient vessel affect thyroid function in patients undergoing TPLE with hemithyroidectomy.

Methods: From 2011 to 2020, 91 patients who underwent free jejunum transfer after TPLE with hemithyroidectomy were divided into two groups.

Development of a Novel Scar Screening System with Machine Learning.

Background: Hypertrophic scars and keloids tend to cause serious functional and cosmetic impediments to patients. As these scars are not life threatening, many patients do not seek proper treatment. Thus, educating physicians and patients regarding these scars is important.

Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Using Different Germ Layer-Derived Adult Stem Cells in the Past Decade.

Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) are some of the most common types of traumatic lesions affecting the nervous system. Although the peripheral nervous system has a higher regenerative ability than the central nervous system, delayed treatment is associated with disturbances in both distal sensory and functional abilities. Over the past decades, adult stem cell-based therapies for peripheral nerve injuries have drawn attention from researchers.

Skull Base Invasion Patterns of Malignant Head and Neck Tumors: A Neurosurgical Perspective.

 Craniofacial resection (CFR) and temporal bone resection (TBR) on malignant head and neck tumors (MHNTs) invading skull base require accurate and precise determination of the tumor invasion. We investigated tumor skull base invasion patterns and surgical results in CFR and TBR cases.  We performed either CFR or TBR for 75 selected patients with the possibility of en bloc resection over the period between 2011 and 2018.

Surgical Classification of Radical Temporal Bone Resection and Transcranial Tympanotomy: A Retrospective Study from the Neurosurgical Perspective.

Objective: To review the authors' surgical experience with radical temporal bone resection (TBR) with an emphasis on the classification of skull base osteotomy and transcranial tympanotomy (TCT) that is required for middle ear transection.

Methods: We reviewed the records of 25 patients who underwent radical TBR at our facilities between 2011 and 2020.

Results: The osteotomy line of radical TBR was divided into 3 segments: anterior (A), medial (M), and posterior (P).

Biological characterization of adipose-derived regenerative cells used for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence.

Objective: To assess the characteristics of adipose-derived regenerative cells, and provide supportive data explaining the mechanism of efficacy observed for the use of these cells in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence.

Methods: Adipose tissues were harvested by abdominal liposuction from healthy donors and patients with stress urinary incontinence. Adipose-derived regenerative cells were isolated from tissues using the Celution system, and assessed for their characteristics and ability to differentiate into smooth muscle cells.

Prospective Evaluation of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Anterolateral Craniofacial Resection with Orbital Exenteration.

 This study was aimed to evaluate health-related quality of life in patients undergoing anterolateral craniofacial resection (AL-CFR) with orbital exenteration (OE) for malignant skull base tumors and to investigate the effects of early psychiatric intervention.  Present study is a prospective, observational study.  The study took place at the hospital department.

Therapeutic angiogenesis using autologous adipose-derived regenerative cells in patients with critical limb ischaemia in Japan: a clinical pilot study.

Adipose-derived regenerative cell (ADRC) is a promising alternative source of autologous somatic stem cells for the repair of damaged tissue. This study aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of autologous ADRC implantation for therapeutic angiogenesis in patients with critical limb ischaemia (CLI). A clinical pilot study-Therapeutic Angiogenesis by Cell Transplantation using ADRCs (TACT-ADRC) study-was initiated in Japan.

Multiple Thrombi during Microvascular Anastomosis Caused by Decreased Antithrombin Activity: A Case Report.

With recent advances in microsurgical instruments and technique, microvascular anastomosis has become a universal surgical technique; however, thrombosis still presents in a number of cases. Tension, twisting, and compression to the anastomotic site are the main causes of thrombus; however, disorder of the coagulation-fibrinolysis system also need to be considered. To date, only few reports exist regarding thrombosis caused by disorder of coagulant system in microvascular anastomosis.

Correlation between blood flow, tissue volume and microvessel density in the flap.

The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between tissue volume and blood flow of the flap in an animal model. Using animal model, tissue volume can be attenuated, and precise change of blood flow could be evaluated. We further investigate the relationship between blood flow and vascular density in the tissue.

Repair of temporal branch of the facial nerve with novel polyglycolic acid-collagen tube: a case report of two cases.

Autologous nerve transplantation has been the gold standard in the treatment of facial nerve injury, however it has not been achieved satisfactory result and needs donor sacrifice. A polyglycolic acid collagen conduit (Nerbridge, Toyobo Co., Japan) has the potential to compare to or exceed autologous nerve grafts in promoting nerve regeneration.

Functional evaluation following deltoid muscle resection in patients with soft tissue sarcoma.

Background: The present study aimed to determine functional outcomes in patients undergoing deltoid muscle resection for soft tissue sarcoma.

Methods: Between 2002 and 2014, 18 patients with soft tissue sarcoma of the shoulder who underwent wide resection including the deltoid muscle, and were followed up for more than 12 months, were retrospectively included in the study. In all, 11 patients were male and 7 were female.

Erratum: Increased Defect Size is Associated with Increased Complication Rate after Free Tissue Transfer for Midanterior Skull-Base Reconstruction.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1676777.].