Publications by authors named "Keisuke Kodama"

Adult granulosa cell tumors are rare, accounting for only 3-5% of all ovarian tumors. Adult granulosa cell tumors have late recurrences, for which complete resection is an effective option. We report a patient who underwent complete resection of a huge recurrent adult granulosa cell tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

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BHLHE40 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is involved in multiple cell activities including differentiation, cell cycle, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. While there is growing evidence to support the functions of BHLHE40 in energy metabolism, little is known about the mechanism. In this study, we found that BHLHE40 expression was downregulated in cases of endometrial cancer of higher grade and advanced disease.

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The administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is increasing in endometrial cancer, especially in the mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient group. To prevent unnecessary immune-related adverse events, ICIs need to be administered to more appropriate patients. The tumor immune microenvironment has been reported to be a predictive marker of the efficacy of ICI therapies.

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It can be difficult to distinguish an interstitial pregnancy from an angular pregnancy because of the close proximity of the implantation sites. The difference in pregnancy outcomes between interstitial and angular pregnancies makes this distinction very important. A 39-year-old gravida 7 para 4 who had undergone a laparoscopic right salpingo-oophorectomy (RSO) one year ago and a pregnancy termination via dilation and curettage (D&C) three weeks ago was suspected to have a ruptured right interstitial or angular pregnancy.

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Indocyanine green (ICG) with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging is used for lymphatic mapping. However, binding of ICG to blood proteins like serum albumin can shorten its retention time in sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). Here, we investigated the efficacy and safety of a new fluorescence tracer comprising phytate and liposome (LP)-encapsulated ICG.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall response rate (ORR) of patients with recurrent endometrial cancer (REC) or advanced endometrial cancer (AEC) retreated with platinum-containing chemotherapy (PCC) based on the platinum-free interval (PFI). We compared our results with those reported in the KEYNOTE-775 study (that used pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 65 patients with REC or AEC retreated with PCC between 2005 and 2020 at our hospital.

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Background: Although antipsychotics are commonly used for delirium, their adverse effects are a serious concern in light of extrapyramidal symptoms and cardiovascular disturbances. In clinical practice, sedative antidepressants are frequently used as an alternative treatment for delirium; however, there is scarce evidence. Thus, we conducted a retrospective chart review to examine the use and effectiveness of trazodone and mianserin for delirium.

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Dysregulated G protein-coupled receptor signaling is involved in the formation and progression of human cancers. The heterotrimeric G protein Gα is highly expressed in various cancers and regulates diverse cancer-related transcriptional networks and cellular functions by activating Rho. Herein, we demonstrate that increased expression of Gα promotes cell proliferation through activation of Rho and the transcription factor AP-1 in human endometrial cancer.

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Aim: Westernization of lifestyle has increased the numbers of patients with endometrial cancer and obesity. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of robotic-assisted surgery according to whether patients are obese, morbidly obese, or nonobese.

Methods: Sixty-three patients with endometrial cancer who underwent robotic-assisted surgery between March 2014 and June 2022 were categorized according to whether they had a body mass index (BMI) <30 (group A, nonobese, n = 40), ≥30 and <35 (group B, obese, n = 13), or ≥35 (group C, morbidly obese, n = 10).

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Objective: Recent randomized phase III trial has shown significant benefit in overall survival (OS) for patients with advanced cervical cancer by adding bevacizumab to conventional chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact for Japanese recurrent, persistent, or metastatic cervical cancer patients where bevacizumab was added to paclitaxel plus carboplatin.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 90 patients with recurrent, persistent, or metastatic cervical cancer mainly treated by paclitaxel plus carboplatin between 2005 and 2019 at our hospital.

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Cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) is associated with the transcriptional mediator complex and regulates several transcription factors implicated in cancer. CDK8 expression is a poor prognostic marker in colon and breast cancer by immunohistochemistry. However, somatic mutations in exon 2 of the RNA polymerase II transcriptional mediator subunit MED12 occur in 7-30% of cases of uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS), suggesting that these alterations contribute to tumorigenesis.

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Objective: Sentinel node biopsy alone (SNB) reduces the postoperative complications of pelvic lymphadenectomy, such as lymphedema and lymphangitis; however, the long-term prognosis after SNB is unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome and complications of patients with early-stage cervical cancer who underwent SNB for hysterectomy or trachelectomy.

Methods: We performed SNB for cervical cancer using a radioisotope method in 181 patients between 2009 and 2017.

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Introduction: The prognostic significance of lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) in stage IA endometrial cancer remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of LVSI in stage IA endometrial cancer.

Methods: Clinical data of patients with stage IA endometrial cancer who underwent initial surgery at our institution between January 2008 and December 2018 were reviewed retrospectively.

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Background: The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system for Müllerian cancer was changed in 2014. Our objective was to evaluate the prognostic impact of stage IV subclassification in this new staging system, especially focusing on extra-abdominal lymph node metastasis.

Methods: Eighty-two patients with stage IV Müllerian cancer treated between 2005 and 2016 at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.

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Aim: PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is a therapeutic agent for gynecological malignancy. Hypersensitivity reaction (HSR) is a major adverse effect that usually disappears after halting administration of PLD. Premedication is usually not necessary before administration of PLD to prevent HSR.

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Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is a precancerous lesion that may progress to invasive cervical cancer without intervention. We aim to examine the prognostic outcomes and risk factors for recurrence after laser vaporization for CIN 3, CIN 2 with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and CIN 1 persisting for more than 2 years.

Methods: Between 2008 and 2016, a total of 1070 patients underwent cervical laser vaporization using a carbon dioxide laser.

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Around the world, cervical cancer is one of the most common neoplastic diseases among women, and the prognosis of patients in an advanced stage remains poor. To reduce the mortality rate of cervical cancer, early diagnosis and treatment are essential. DNA methylation is an important aspect of gene regulation, and aberrant DNA methylation contributes to carcinogenesis and cancer progression in various cancers.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with cervical cancer who underwent abdominal trachelectomy to preserve fertility.
  • The research involved 212 patients, with a follow-up showing a 95.5% five-year survival rate and only one reported relapse after chemotherapy, indicating a low risk of cancer returning after treatment.
  • There were no major chemotherapy-related complications, and some women successfully achieved pregnancies post-treatment, suggesting that this approach could effectively preserve both life and fertility.
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Article Synopsis
  • This study challenges the traditional approach to adjuvant therapy for intermediate-risk cervical cancer patients after radical hysterectomy, suggesting that factors like deep stromal invasion (DSI) and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) may not be as significant for treatment decisions as previously thought.
  • 321 patients underwent type III radical hysterectomy between 2001 and 2013, with 82 of them not receiving adjuvant therapy; the prognosis of these patients was analyzed.
  • The findings revealed a low recurrence rate (7%) over a median follow-up of 84 months, with high 5-year disease-free (92.6%) and overall survival rates (96.3%), indicating that the omission of adjuvant
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Juvenile granulosa cell tumors (JGCTs) are rare ovarian tumors with overall good prognoses. They differ from adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs), which are well known for late recurrence. Most JGCTs (~97%) occur in individuals <30 years old.

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The prognosis of patients with high-grade or advanced-stage endometrial cancer remains poor. As cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are thought to be associated with endometrial cancers, it is essential to investigate the molecular mechanisms that regulate endometrial CSCs. Dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) functions as a negative-feedback regulator of MAPK-ERK1/2 signaling, but its role in endometrial cancer remains unknown.

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Aim: Uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS) is a highly aggressive and lethal disease. This malignancy remains the most common type of uterine sarcoma, affecting approximately 0.4/100 000 women each year.

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Gα, a heterotrimeric G-protein of the Gα subfamily, is associated with aggressive phenotypes in various human cancers. However, the mechanisms by which Gα promotes cancer progression have not been fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that the activation of Gα induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ovarian cancer (OvCa) cells through down-regulation of large tumor suppressor kinase (LATS) 1, a critical component of the Hippo signaling pathway.

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BHLHE40 and BHLHE41 (BHLHE40/41) are basic helix-loop-helix type transcription factors involved in multiple cell activities including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the expression mechanism of BHLHE40/41 in EMT remains unclear. In the present study, we showed that the expression levels of BHLHE40/41 were negatively correlated with those of the microRNA (MIR) 130 family in endometrial cancer (EC) specimens.

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Background: To evaluate the prognostic outcome and surgical complications in patients with early-stage cervical cancer who underwent sentinel node navigation surgery (SNNS) for hysterectomy or trachelectomy.

Methods: A total of 139 patients who underwent SNNS using Tc phytate between 2009 and 2015 were evaluated. No further lymph node dissection was performed when intraoperative analysis of the sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) was negative for metastasis.

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