Inhibitory effects of uraemic toxins 3-indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol on losartan metabolism in vitro.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to clarify the cause of decreased metabolic clearance of losartan in patients with end-stage renal failure. The influence of serum from haemodialysis patients (uraemic serum) and uraemic toxins on the metabolism of losartan to EXP-3174 was investigated in vitro.

Methods: The formation of EXP-3174 was estimated using pooled human liver microsomes.