Modified open-thoracotomy-view approach in robotic-assisted thoracoscopic lung resection.

Robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) is widely performed in thoracic surgery. The open-thoracotomy-view approach (OTVA) is one approach in RATS lung resection. OTVA is a good surgical approach that provides the same field of view as that with open thoracotomy and allows active participation of the assistant.

Treatment Patterns and Postoperative Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study Using Nationwide Health Services Utilization Data in Japan.

Background: The number of older patients with cancer has been increasing. This study aimed to determine the proportion of postoperative decline in activities of daily living (ADL), hospital mortality rate, home healthcare services use, and adjuvant chemotherapy treatment patterns of patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) across age groups.

Methods: We analyzed health service utilization data of patients aged ≥ 40 years diagnosed with clinical stage I or II NSCLC in 2015 who underwent thoracoscopy or thoracotomy.

Cytological characteristics of histological types of lung cancer by cytomorphometric and flow cytometric analyses using liquid-based cytology materials.

Background: Distinguishing the histological types of lung cancer is essential for determining treatment strategies in clinical practice. In this study, cytomorphological characteristics and proliferative activities were compared among histological types of lung cancer by cytomorphometric and flow cytometric analyses using liquid-based cytology (LBC) samples.

Methods: Scraped LBC samples from 73 surgically resected specimens were collected between August 2018 and November 2019.

An innovative oral management procedure to reduce postoperative complications.

Background: Numerous studies have shown that improving oral hygiene contributes to a reduction in the risk of postoperative complications in patients with head and neck cancer, cardiac disease, and esophageal cancer. However, the beneficial standard for oral management procedures during the perioperative period has not yet been established. Therefore, our aim was to determine whether or not their innovative oral management intervention contributed to a reduction in postoperative complications in lung cancer.

Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis diagnosed using dynamic digital radiography during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Dynamic digital radiography (DDR) is a motion-detecting technique with high temporal resolution. Flexible laryngoscopy is a common modality for the observation of the larynx; however, it generates aerosol. DDR is an easy and less risky screening test for the diagnosis of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cytomorphometric and flow cytometric analyses using liquid-based cytology materials in subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: The histological classifications of invasive lung adenocarcinoma subtypes are considered to predict patient prognosis after surgical treatment. The objectives of this study were to evaluate cytomorphological characteristics and proliferative activities among the histological predominant patterns by performing cytomorphometric and flow cytometric analyses using liquid-based cytology materials.

Methods: Cytological samples fixed by liquid-based cytology preservatives from 53 surgically-resected lung adenocarcinoma specimens were obtained between August 2018 and November 2019.

Clinical impact of perioperative atrial fibrillation on long-term recurrence of malignancy.

Perioperative complications have been reported to be associated with a lower incidence of cancer-free survival. Perioperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is one of occasionally observed complications in patients with malignancies who undergo noncardiac surgeries. However, the long-term clinical impact of POAF on those with malignancies have remained unknown.

Notably small bronchial carcinoid accompanied by peripheral squamous cell carcinoma.

Our report presents the smallest bronchial carcinoid thus far associated with peripheral squamous cell carcinoma. A 79-year-old Japanese man presented with an abnormal shadow on chest radiography. Chest computed tomography revealed an ill-defined nodule at the left S9a area without lymph node involvement.

STAT3 activation in thymic epithelial tumors: correlation with cyclin D1, JAK3, and clinical behavior.

Objectives: Thymic epithelial tumors are the most common adult mediastinal tumors; however, their growth mechanism remains relatively unknown. Among the JAK/STAT pathway-related proteins, which control various intracellular events, STAT3 is deeply involved in cell proliferation. Constitutive activation of STAT3 and the resulting overexpression of cyclin D1 have been confirmed in various tumors, but have not been thoroughly investigated in thymic epithelial tumors.

Solitary fibrous tumour of the pleura arising in a pulmonary cavity.

Solitary fibrous tumour of the pleura (SFTP) arising in a cavity is extremely rare. A 66-year-old Japanese male presented with an abnormal shadow on his chest X-ray. Chest computed tomography showed a cavity of approximately 18 mm in diameter between the upper and lower lobes that contained a solid nodule within.

Subtyping and EGFR mutation testing from blocks of cytological materials, based on liquid-based cytology for lung cancer at bronchoscopic examinations.

Background: Liquid-based cytology (LBC) allows immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization, and molecular testing to be performed in fixed cell materials. We examined the feasibility of subtyping and EGFR mutation testing of bronchoscopic samples from patients with lung cancer using cell blocks (CB) based on LBC fixation (LBC-CB).

Methods: We included 35 consecutive patients with peripheral lung nodules who underwent endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath in our hospital.

An enlarged azygos vein traversing an azygos lobe reveals a connection between the inferior vena cava and azygos vein.

We report a rare case where the inferior vena cava connected to the azygos vein, a diagnosis triggered by observation of an enlarged azygos vein traversing an azygos fissure. A 16-year-old male patient presented with an abnormal shadow on chest X-ray. Chest computed tomography showed an enlarged azygos vein connecting to the inferior vena cava, with no other connection to the atrium.

A rare post-lobectomy complication of right-to-left shunt via foramen ovale.

Background: Various complications can cause hypoxemia after pulmonary resection for lung cancer, but intracardiac shunt that becomes symptomatic and causes severe hypoxemia postoperatively is very rare. We report a case that presented platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) due to right-to-left shunt via patent foramen ovale (PFO).

Case: A 71-year-old man with a lung cancer in the left upper lobe was referred to our hospital.

Perioperative Atrial Fibrillation in Noncardiac Surgeries for Malignancies and One-Year Recurrence.

Background: Perioperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in noncardiac surgeries is common. However, it is unclear whether such atrial fibrillation (AF) recurs in the long term.

Methods: This study was a prospective, single-center, observational study that included patients who underwent noncardiac surgeries for malignancies.

Incidence and complications of perioperative atrial fibrillation after non-cardiac surgery for malignancy.

Background: Perioperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is one of the common arrhythmias in the setting of non-cardiac surgeries for malignancy. As POAF may cause subsequent adverse events, it is important to confirm its characteristics and risk factors.

Materials And Methods: The prospective cohort study of surveillance for perioperative atrial fibrillation recurrence (PREDICT AF RECURRENCE) is an ongoing prospective, single-center, observational study that aims to illustrate the clinical impact of POAF in major non-cardiac surgery for malignancy.

Genotyping and cytomorphological subtyping of lung adenocarcinoma based on liquid-based cytology.

Background: Liquid-based cytology (LBC) samples allow immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and molecular testing of nucleic acids to be performed in the remaining fixed cells. The current study aimed to examine the relationship between gene mutational status and cytomorphological features in primary lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) using LBC materials.

Methods: Forty consecutive patients with primary lung ADC underwent surgical resection in our hospital.

A severe combined immunodeficiency disease mouse model of human adenocarcinoma with lepidic-predominant growth.

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) mice with human lepidic adenocarcinoma were established by the intrabronchial implantation of fresh surgically resected specimens. Human pulmonary adenocarcinoma tissue from 16 different cases was transplanted into SCID mice, and SCID mouse tumors were established from four of these cases (25%). Among the four tumors, the tumor cells of two SCID mice showed replacement lepidic growth of mouse alveolar structures accompanied by multiple intrapulmonary lesions.

The study protocol for PREDICT AF RECURRENCE: a PRospEctive cohort stuDy of surveIllanCe for perioperaTive Atrial Fibrillation RECURRENCE in major non-cardiac surgery for malignancy.

Background: A previous retrospective cohort study established the relationship between perioperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) and subsequent mortality and stroke. However, the details regarding the cause of death and etiology of stroke remain unclear.

Methods: The prospective cohort study of surveillance for perioperative atrial fibrillation recurrence in major non-cardiac surgery for malignancy (PREDICT AF RECURRENCE) registry is an ongoing prospective cohort study to elucidate the long-term recurrence rate and the clinical impact of new-onset POAF in the setting of head and neck, non-cardiac thoracic, and abdominal surgery for malignancy.

[Role of Pharmacists in Completion of Adjuvant Cisplatin-Vinorelbine Chemotherapy in Japanese Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer].

　Adjuvant cisplatin-vinorelbine chemotherapy has been shown to be effective in patients with completely resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in several Phase III trials, but not yet in the Japanese population. Pharmacists are expected to assist patients with completion of adjuvant chemotherapy. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the compliance with and safety of adjuvant cisplatin-vinorelbine chemotherapy in Japanese patients and to evaluate the contribution of pharmacists to completion of treatment.

Risk Factors for Chest Pain and Fever in Patients Undergoing Pleurodesis with OK-432.

Objective In Japan, pleurodesis is often performed using OK-432. However, OK-432 may cause severe chest pain and fever. The risk factors for these complications are unclear.

Solitary Pulmonary Capillary Hemangioma of Adult Cases: Clinicopathologic Characteristics as an Unrecognized Entity.

Solitary pulmonary capillary hemangioma (SPCH) is a rare disease, first described about autopsy cases in 2000 and about surgically resected cases in 2006. To date, only 9 surgically resected cases have been published in English. Here, we report 7 original cases with surgery (median age, 54 y; 4 females, 2 never-smokers).

Thoracoscopic modified pleural tent for spontaneous pneumothorax.

Objectives: We developed a modified pleural tent (m-tent) procedure and used it in our hospital in almost 30 consecutive patients with spontaneous pneumothorax. The objective of this study was to clarify the feasibility and effectiveness of a thoracoscopic m-tent for the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax.

Methods: From July 2013 to November 2014, 107 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax were treated in our institution.