Comprehensive survey on the use of plastic additives in toy products used in Japan.

Background: Plastic additives have adverse effects on human health. Children frequently use toys that contain various substances found in paints, plasticizers, and other materials, which heighten the risk of specific chemical exposure. Infants are particularly prone to chemical exposure through the "mouthing" behavior because of the possibility of placing toys in their mouths.

Pharmacists' perspectives on traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine in Japan with special reference to Kampo medicines: an internet survey with preliminary interviews.

Background: Pharmacists guide patients in their use of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM). The present study aimed to evaluate the opinions of Japanese pharmacists regarding TCIM, and to evaluate the usability of the evidence-based Japanese Integrative Medicine (eJIM) website from the pharmacists' point of view.

Methods: We conducted a two-stage, mixed-method study using interviews and an internet-based survey.

Current Status and Issues of Ethical Review for Surgical Research in Japanese University Hospitals.

Introduction: In clinical research, ethical review is required prior to conducting the research. A surgical procedure is a complex intervention with properties that make it more difficult to evaluate rigorously and monitor than drug treatments. This study aimed to clarify the current status and issues in the ethical review and monitoring of surgical research.

Characteristics of Asian 4 countries on cancer clinical trials registered in the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform between 2005 and 2018.

Background: The characteristics and comparison of countries regarding clinical trials for cancer were unknown. The World Health Organization-International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO-ICTRP) are providing data from various countries and releases them generally in a downloadable format. We aimed to examine and descriptively identify the number of cancer clinical trials registered in the world and the fundamental characteristics in Asian 4 countries of China, India, Japan and South Korea, focusing on study characteristics, e.

Supervision of new surgical procedures in Japan: Current practice and supervision issues at university hospitals in Japan.

Background: Sometimes the development of new surgical procedures takes place during patient treatment in clinical practice but can result in undesirable outcomes and social concerns. This study aims to reveal how university hospitals in Japan supervise the implementation of new surgical procedures and what difficulties they confront.

Methods: Self-administered questionnaire surveys were conducted, targeting all university-affiliated hospitals in Japan.

Physician perspectives on traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine and the national evidence-based Japanese integrative medicine information website: A mixed-method study.

Background: The evidence-based Japanese integrative medicine (eJIM) website was launched by the Japanese government in 2014 to provide information on integrative medicine to the general public and physicians. While Japanese physicians discourage the use of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM), there are very few reports that explore this issue. We aimed to understand the attitudes of Japanese physicians towards TCIM and evaluate the usability of the eJIM website according to physicians.

The utilization of complementary and alternative medicine in Taiwan: An internet survey using an adapted version of the international questionnaire (I-CAM-Q).

Background: In Taiwan, numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). However, most of them focused on specific diseases or the use of particular methods. Therefore, the results of those studies were quite different and difficult to compare with those of studies from other countries.

Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Japan: A Cross-sectional Internet Survey Using the Japanese Version of the International Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire.

Introduction: Although there have been several national survey studies on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in Japan, previous studies have not been compared with investigations conducted in other countries. An international CAM questionnaire known as I-CAM-Q was developed through a two-day international workshop in 2006. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of CAM by the general Japanese population using a modified version of the I-CAM-Q for the Japanese (I-CAM-QJ).

Internet survey on the provision of complementary and alternative medicine in Japanese private clinics: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Although the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by the general population has been surveyed previously, the provision of CAM by Japanese physicians in private clinics has not been studied. Universal health insurance system was established in Japan in 1961, and most CAMs are not on the drug tariff. We aimed to clarify the current status of CAM provided by physicians at private clinics in Japan.

Usability of the evidence-based Japanese integrative medicine (eJIM) information site: analysis with focus group discussion and internet survey on the general population.

Background: The information site for evidence-based Japanese Integrative Medicine (eJIM) was launched by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare to enable patients, medical staff, and others to obtain appropriate information, but it has not been objectively evaluated by users. The present study aimed to assess the usability of the eJIM website from the viewpoint of the general population.

Methods: We held a focus group discussion with 12 persons in November 2016, conducted an Internet survey of 1107 people (general population) in February 2017, and assessed their understanding of basic concepts of complementary and alternative medicine and usefulness of the contents after browsing the eJIM website.

An assessment of the use of complementary and alternative medicine by Korean people using an adapted version of the standardized international questionnaire (I-CAM-QK): a cross-sectional study of an internet survey.

Background: In Korea, there are two types of medical doctors: one practises conventional medicine (hereafter called a physician), and the other practises traditional medicine (hereafter called a Korean medical doctor). This study aimed to compare the provision of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by these providers to CAM use per self-judgement in Korea.

Methods: We analysed 1668 Korean people via an internet survey with the Korean adopted version of the I-CAM-Q, namely, the International Questionnaire to measure use of CAM, to understand whether respondents used CAM based either on a prescription or advice from a physician or a Korean medical doctor or on self-judgement.

Predicting complete loss to follow-up after a health-education program: number of absences and face-to-face contact with a researcher.

Background: Research on health-education programs requires longitudinal data. Loss to follow-up can lead to imprecision and bias, and complete loss to follow-up is particularly damaging. If that loss is predictable, then efforts to prevent it can be focused on those program participants who are at the highest risk.

Effectiveness of Chronic Disease Self-management Program in Japan: preliminary report of a longitudinal study.

This is the preliminary report of a study to evaluate the effectiveness of the Chronic Disease Self-management Program in Japan by comparing changes in health outcomes at the baseline and 3-month and 6-month follow-ups. The program is a patient-centered educational program for the self-management of chronic conditions. The study's participants were recruited from among the attendees of the program workshops.